Stroganova Tatyana
Senior researcher, MEG Center Founder
Doctor of Sciences in Biology, Professor
Publications with affiliation of Moscow MEG Center
2017
10.
Sysoeva, Olga V.; Galuta, Ilia A.; Davletshina, Maria S.; Orekhova, Elena V.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2017). Abnormal Size-Dependent Modulation of Motion Perception in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Frontiers in Neuroscience, 11, 164. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00164
@article{Sysoeva2017,
title = {Abnormal Size-Dependent Modulation of Motion Perception in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)},
author = {Olga V. Sysoeva and Ilia A. Galuta and Maria S. Davletshina and Elena V. Orekhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnins.2017.00164.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2017.00164},
issn = {1662-453X},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-03-29},
urldate = {2017-03-29},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
volume = {11},
pages = {164},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {Excitation/Inhibition (E/I) imbalance in neural networks is now considered among the core neural underpinnings of autism psychopathology. In motion perception at least two phenomena critically depend on E/I balance in visual cortex: spatial suppression (SS), and spatial facilitation (SF) corresponding to impoverished or improved motion perception with increasing stimuli size, respectively. While SS is dominant at high contrast, SF is evident for low contrast stimuli, due to the prevalence of inhibitory contextual modulations in the former, and excitatory ones in the latter case. Only one previous study (Foss-Feig et al., 2013) investigated SS and SF in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our study aimed to replicate previous findings, and to explore the putative contribution of deficient inhibitory influences into an enhanced SF index in ASD—a cornerstone for interpretation proposed by Foss-Feig et al. (2013). The SS and SF were examined in 40 boys with ASD, broad spectrum of intellectual abilities (63 < IQ < 127) and 44 typically developing (TD) boys, aged 6–15 years. The stimuli of small (1°) and large (12°) radius were presented under high (100%) and low (1%) contrast conditions. Social Responsiveness Scale and Sensory Profile Questionnaire were used to assess the autism severity and sensory processing abnormalities. We found that the SS index was atypically reduced, while SF index abnormally enhanced in children with ASD. The presence of abnormally enhanced SF in children with ASD was the only consistent finding between our study and that of Foss-Feig et al. While the SS and SF indexes were strongly interrelated in TD participants, this correlation was absent in their peers with ASD. In addition, the SF index but not the SS index correlated with the severity of autism and the poor registration abilities. The pattern of results is partially consistent with the idea of hypofunctional inhibitory transmission in visual areas in ASD. Nonetheless, the absence of correlation between SF and SS indexes paired with a strong direct link between abnormally enhanced SF and autism symptoms in our ASD sample emphasizes the role of the enhanced excitatory influences by themselves in the observed abnormalities in low-level visual phenomena found in ASD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Excitation/Inhibition (E/I) imbalance in neural networks is now considered among the core neural underpinnings of autism psychopathology. In motion perception at least two phenomena critically depend on E/I balance in visual cortex: spatial suppression (SS), and spatial facilitation (SF) corresponding to impoverished or improved motion perception with increasing stimuli size, respectively. While SS is dominant at high contrast, SF is evident for low contrast stimuli, due to the prevalence of inhibitory contextual modulations in the former, and excitatory ones in the latter case. Only one previous study (Foss-Feig et al., 2013) investigated SS and SF in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our study aimed to replicate previous findings, and to explore the putative contribution of deficient inhibitory influences into an enhanced SF index in ASD—a cornerstone for interpretation proposed by Foss-Feig et al. (2013). The SS and SF were examined in 40 boys with ASD, broad spectrum of intellectual abilities (63 < IQ < 127) and 44 typically developing (TD) boys, aged 6–15 years. The stimuli of small (1°) and large (12°) radius were presented under high (100%) and low (1%) contrast conditions. Social Responsiveness Scale and Sensory Profile Questionnaire were used to assess the autism severity and sensory processing abnormalities. We found that the SS index was atypically reduced, while SF index abnormally enhanced in children with ASD. The presence of abnormally enhanced SF in children with ASD was the only consistent finding between our study and that of Foss-Feig et al. While the SS and SF indexes were strongly interrelated in TD participants, this correlation was absent in their peers with ASD. In addition, the SF index but not the SS index correlated with the severity of autism and the poor registration abilities. The pattern of results is partially consistent with the idea of hypofunctional inhibitory transmission in visual areas in ASD. Nonetheless, the absence of correlation between SF and SS indexes paired with a strong direct link between abnormally enhanced SF and autism symptoms in our ASD sample emphasizes the role of the enhanced excitatory influences by themselves in the observed abnormalities in low-level visual phenomena found in ASD.
2016
9.
Chernyshev, Boris V.; Pronko, Platon K.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2016). Early suppression effect in human primary visual cortex during Kanizsa illusion processing: A magnetoencephalographic evidence. Visual Neuroscience, 33, E007. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0952523816000031
@article{CHERNYSHEV2016,
title = {Early suppression effect in human primary visual cortex during Kanizsa illusion processing: A magnetoencephalographic evidence},
author = {Boris V. Chernyshev and Platon K. Pronko and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
doi = {10.1017/s0952523816000031},
issn = {1469-8714},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-03-16},
urldate = {2016-00-00},
journal = {Visual Neuroscience},
volume = {33},
pages = {E007},
publisher = {Maximum Academic Press},
abstract = {Detection of illusory contours (ICs) such as Kanizsa figures is known to depend primarily upon the lateral occipital complex. Yet there is no universal agreement on the role of the primary visual cortex in this process; some existing evidence hints that an early stage of the visual response in V1 may involve relative suppression to Kanizsa figures compared with controls. Iso-oriented luminance borders, which are responsible for Kanizsa illusion, may evoke surround suppression in V1 and adjacent areas leading to the reduction in the initial response to Kanizsa figures. We attempted to test the existence, as well as to find localization and timing of the early suppression effect produced by Kanizsa figures in adult nonclinical human participants. We used two sizes of visual stimuli (4.5 and 9.0°) in order to probe the effect at two different levels of eccentricity; the stimuli were presented centrally in passive viewing conditions. We recorded magnetoencephalogram, which is more sensitive than electroencephalogram to activity originating from V1 and V2 areas. We restricted our analysis to the medial occipital area and the occipital pole, and to a 40–120 ms time window after the stimulus onset. By applying threshold-free cluster enhancement technique in combination with permutation statistics, we were able to detect the inverted IC effect—a relative suppression of the response to the Kanizsa figures compared with the control stimuli. The current finding is highly compatible with the explanation involving surround suppression evoked by iso-oriented collinear borders. The effect may be related to the principle of sparse coding, according to which V1 suppresses representations of inner parts of collinear assemblies as being informationally redundant. Such a mechanism is likely to be an important preliminary step preceding object contour detection.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Detection of illusory contours (ICs) such as Kanizsa figures is known to depend primarily upon the lateral occipital complex. Yet there is no universal agreement on the role of the primary visual cortex in this process; some existing evidence hints that an early stage of the visual response in V1 may involve relative suppression to Kanizsa figures compared with controls. Iso-oriented luminance borders, which are responsible for Kanizsa illusion, may evoke surround suppression in V1 and adjacent areas leading to the reduction in the initial response to Kanizsa figures. We attempted to test the existence, as well as to find localization and timing of the early suppression effect produced by Kanizsa figures in adult nonclinical human participants. We used two sizes of visual stimuli (4.5 and 9.0°) in order to probe the effect at two different levels of eccentricity; the stimuli were presented centrally in passive viewing conditions. We recorded magnetoencephalogram, which is more sensitive than electroencephalogram to activity originating from V1 and V2 areas. We restricted our analysis to the medial occipital area and the occipital pole, and to a 40–120 ms time window after the stimulus onset. By applying threshold-free cluster enhancement technique in combination with permutation statistics, we were able to detect the inverted IC effect—a relative suppression of the response to the Kanizsa figures compared with the control stimuli. The current finding is highly compatible with the explanation involving surround suppression evoked by iso-oriented collinear borders. The effect may be related to the principle of sparse coding, according to which V1 suppresses representations of inner parts of collinear assemblies as being informationally redundant. Such a mechanism is likely to be an important preliminary step preceding object contour detection.
8.
Sysoeva, Olga V.; Davletshina, Maria A.; Orekhova, Elena V.; Galuta, Ilia A.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2016). Reduced Oblique Effect in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9, 512. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00512
@article{Sysoeva2016,
title = {Reduced Oblique Effect in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)},
author = {Olga V. Sysoeva and Maria A. Davletshina and Elena V. Orekhova and Ilia A. Galuta and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnins.2015.00512.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2015.00512},
issn = {1662-453X},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-21},
urldate = {2016-01-21},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
volume = {9},
pages = {512},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {People are very precise in the discrimination of a line orientation relative to the cardinal (vertical and horizontal) axes, while their orientation discrimination sensitivity along the oblique axes is less refined. This difference in discrimination sensitivity along cardinal and oblique axes is called the “oblique effect.” Given that the oblique effect is a basic feature of visual processing with an early developmental origin, its investigation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may shed light on the nature of visual sensory abnormalities frequently reported in this population. We examined line orientation sensitivity along oblique and vertical axes in a sample of 26 boys with ASD (IQ > 68) and 38 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7–15 years, as well as in a subsample of carefully IQ-matched ASD and TD participants. Children were asked to detect the direction of tilt of a high-contrast black-and-white grating relative to vertical (90°) or oblique (45°) templates. The oblique effect was reduced in children with ASD as compared to TD participants, irrespective of their IQ. This reduction was due to poor orientation sensitivity along the vertical axis in ASD children, while their ability to discriminate line orientation along the oblique axis was unaffected. We speculate that this deficit in sensitivity to vertical orientation may reflect disrupted mechanisms of early experience-dependent learning that takes place during the critical period for orientation selectivity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
People are very precise in the discrimination of a line orientation relative to the cardinal (vertical and horizontal) axes, while their orientation discrimination sensitivity along the oblique axes is less refined. This difference in discrimination sensitivity along cardinal and oblique axes is called the “oblique effect.” Given that the oblique effect is a basic feature of visual processing with an early developmental origin, its investigation in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may shed light on the nature of visual sensory abnormalities frequently reported in this population. We examined line orientation sensitivity along oblique and vertical axes in a sample of 26 boys with ASD (IQ > 68) and 38 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7–15 years, as well as in a subsample of carefully IQ-matched ASD and TD participants. Children were asked to detect the direction of tilt of a high-contrast black-and-white grating relative to vertical (90°) or oblique (45°) templates. The oblique effect was reduced in children with ASD as compared to TD participants, irrespective of their IQ. This reduction was due to poor orientation sensitivity along the vertical axis in ASD children, while their ability to discriminate line orientation along the oblique axis was unaffected. We speculate that this deficit in sensitivity to vertical orientation may reflect disrupted mechanisms of early experience-dependent learning that takes place during the critical period for orientation selectivity.
7.
Величковский, Б. М.; Нуждин, Ю. О.; Свирин, Е. П.; Строганова, Т. А.; Федорова, А. А.; Шишкин, С. Л. (2016). Управление «силой мысли»: На пути к новым формам взаимодействия человека с техническими устройствами. Вопросы психологии, 62(1), 78-88.
@bachelorthesis{nokey,
title = {Управление «силой мысли»: На пути к новым формам взаимодействия человека с техническими устройствами},
author = {Величковский, Б.М. and Нуждин, Ю.О. and Свирин, Е.П. and Строганова, Т.А. and Федорова, А.А. and Шишкин, С.Л.},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-00},
journal = {Вопросы психологии},
volume = {62},
number = {1},
pages = {78-88},
abstract = {Рассмотрены две группы перспективных интерфейсов, создаваемых сегодня для улучшения взаимодействия человека с техническими системами. Интерфейсы первой группы опираются на использование данных, получаемых с помощью методов нейрофизиологии и психофизиологии, прежде всего путем регистрации ЭЭГ/магнитоэнцефалограммы. Интерфейсы второй группы используют данные о микроповедении глаза человека, опираясь на методы айтрекинга, популярные в психологии и эргономике. Продемонстрирована полезность совмещения этих подходов для создания высокоскоростных гибридных интерфейсов, пригодных не только для обеспечения коммуникации лиц с тяжелыми нарушениями речи и моторики, но и для повышения эффективности работы здоровых пользователей операторских профессий. Критическую роль в таком развитии имеет решение ряда фундаментальных проблем психологической науки, таких как поддержка зон совместного внимания в процессах опосредствованного техникой общения и выявление намерений пользователя по характеристикам движений глаз и мозговой активности.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {bachelorthesis}
}
Рассмотрены две группы перспективных интерфейсов, создаваемых сегодня для улучшения взаимодействия человека с техническими системами. Интерфейсы первой группы опираются на использование данных, получаемых с помощью методов нейрофизиологии и психофизиологии, прежде всего путем регистрации ЭЭГ/магнитоэнцефалограммы. Интерфейсы второй группы используют данные о микроповедении глаза человека, опираясь на методы айтрекинга, популярные в психологии и эргономике. Продемонстрирована полезность совмещения этих подходов для создания высокоскоростных гибридных интерфейсов, пригодных не только для обеспечения коммуникации лиц с тяжелыми нарушениями речи и моторики, но и для повышения эффективности работы здоровых пользователей операторских профессий. Критическую роль в таком развитии имеет решение ряда фундаментальных проблем психологической науки, таких как поддержка зон совместного внимания в процессах опосредствованного техникой общения и выявление намерений пользователя по характеристикам движений глаз и мозговой активности.
2015
6.
Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Butorina, Anna V.; Sysoeva, Olga V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Tsetlin, Marina M.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2015). Altered modulation of gamma oscillation frequency by speed of visual motion in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9121-x
@article{Stroganova2015,
title = {Altered modulation of gamma oscillation frequency by speed of visual motion in children with autism spectrum disorders},
author = {Tatiana A. Stroganova and Anna V. Butorina and Olga V. Sysoeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Marina M. Tsetlin and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s11689-015-9121-x.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s11689-015-9121-x},
issn = {1866-1955},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-00},
urldate = {2015-12-00},
journal = {Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {21},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.
5.
Shtyrov, Yury Y.; Stroganova, Tatyana A. (2015). When ultrarapid is ultrarapid: on importance of temporal precision in neuroscience of language. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 576. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00576
@article{Shtyrov2015,
title = {When ultrarapid is ultrarapid: on importance of temporal precision in neuroscience of language},
author = {Yury Y. Shtyrov and Tatyana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnhum.2015.00576.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2015.00576},
issn = {1662-5161},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-10-21},
urldate = {2015-10-21},
journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
volume = {9},
pages = {576},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
4.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Butorina, Anna V.; Sysoeva, Olga V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2015). Frequency of gamma oscillations in humans is modulated by velocity of visual motion. Journal of Neurophysiology, 114(1), 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00232.2015
@article{Orekhova2015,
title = {Frequency of gamma oscillations in humans is modulated by velocity of visual motion},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Anna V. Butorina and Olga V. Sysoeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1152_jn.00232.2015.pdf},
doi = {10.1152/jn.00232.2015},
issn = {1522-1598},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-07-00},
urldate = {2015-07-00},
journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
volume = {114},
number = {1},
pages = {244-255},
publisher = {American Physiological Society},
abstract = {Gamma oscillations are generated in networks of inhibitory fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons and pyramidal cells. In animals, gamma frequency is modulated by the velocity of visual motion; the effect of velocity has not been evaluated in humans. In this work, we have studied velocity-related modulations of gamma frequency in children using MEG/EEG. We also investigated whether such modulations predict the prominence of the "spatial suppression" effect (Tadin D, Lappin JS, Gilroy LA, Blake R. Nature 424: 312-315, 2003) that is thought to depend on cortical center-surround inhibitory mechanisms. MEG/EEG was recorded in 27 normal boys aged 8-15 yr while they watched high-contrast black-and-white annular gratings drifting with velocities of 1.2, 3.6, and 6.0°/s and performed a simple detection task. The spatial suppression effect was assessed in a separate psychophysical experiment. MEG gamma oscillation frequency increased while power decreased with increasing velocity of visual motion. In EEG, the effects were less reliable. The frequencies of the velocity-specific gamma peaks were 64.9, 74.8, and 87.1 Hz for the slow, medium, and fast motions, respectively. The frequency of the gamma response elicited during slow and medium velocity of visual motion decreased with subject age, whereas the range of gamma frequency modulation by velocity increased with age. The frequency modulation range predicted spatial suppression even after controlling for the effect of age. We suggest that the modulation of the MEG gamma frequency by velocity of visual motion reflects excitability of cortical inhibitory circuits and can be used to investigate their normal and pathological development in the human brain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gamma oscillations are generated in networks of inhibitory fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons and pyramidal cells. In animals, gamma frequency is modulated by the velocity of visual motion; the effect of velocity has not been evaluated in humans. In this work, we have studied velocity-related modulations of gamma frequency in children using MEG/EEG. We also investigated whether such modulations predict the prominence of the "spatial suppression" effect (Tadin D, Lappin JS, Gilroy LA, Blake R. Nature 424: 312-315, 2003) that is thought to depend on cortical center-surround inhibitory mechanisms. MEG/EEG was recorded in 27 normal boys aged 8-15 yr while they watched high-contrast black-and-white annular gratings drifting with velocities of 1.2, 3.6, and 6.0°/s and performed a simple detection task. The spatial suppression effect was assessed in a separate psychophysical experiment. MEG gamma oscillation frequency increased while power decreased with increasing velocity of visual motion. In EEG, the effects were less reliable. The frequencies of the velocity-specific gamma peaks were 64.9, 74.8, and 87.1 Hz for the slow, medium, and fast motions, respectively. The frequency of the gamma response elicited during slow and medium velocity of visual motion decreased with subject age, whereas the range of gamma frequency modulation by velocity increased with age. The frequency modulation range predicted spatial suppression even after controlling for the effect of age. We suggest that the modulation of the MEG gamma frequency by velocity of visual motion reflects excitability of cortical inhibitory circuits and can be used to investigate their normal and pathological development in the human brain.
3.
Sysoeva, Olga V.; Lange, Elke B.; Sorokin, Alexander B.; Campbell, Tom (2015). From pre-attentive processes to durable representation: An ERP index of visual distraction. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 95(3), 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.12.007
@article{Sysoeva2015,
title = {From pre-attentive processes to durable representation: An ERP index of visual distraction},
author = {Olga V. Sysoeva and Elke B. Lange and Alexander B. Sorokin and Tom Campbell},
doi = {10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.12.007},
issn = {0167-8760},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-03-00},
urldate = {2015-03-00},
journal = {International Journal of Psychophysiology},
volume = {95},
number = {3},
pages = {310-321},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Visual search and oddball paradigms were combined to investigate memory for to-be-ignored color changes in a group of 12 healthy participants. The onset of unexpected color change of an irrelevant stimulus evoked two reliable ERP effects: a component of the event-related potential (ERP), similar to the visual mismatch negativity response (vMMN), with a latency of 120-160 ms and a posterior distribution over the left hemisphere and Late Fronto-Central Negativity (LFCN) with a latency of 320-400 ms, apparent at fronto-central electrodes and some posterior sites. Color change of that irrelevant stimulus also slowed identification of a visual target, indicating distraction. The amplitude of this color-change vMMN, but not LFCN, indexed this distraction effect. That is, electrophysiological and behavioral measures were correlated. The interval between visual scenes approximated 1s (611-1629 ms), indicating that the brain's sensory memory for the color of the preceding visual scenes must persist for at least 600 ms. Therefore, in the case of the neural code for color, durable memory representations are formed in an obligatory manner.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Visual search and oddball paradigms were combined to investigate memory for to-be-ignored color changes in a group of 12 healthy participants. The onset of unexpected color change of an irrelevant stimulus evoked two reliable ERP effects: a component of the event-related potential (ERP), similar to the visual mismatch negativity response (vMMN), with a latency of 120-160 ms and a posterior distribution over the left hemisphere and Late Fronto-Central Negativity (LFCN) with a latency of 320-400 ms, apparent at fronto-central electrodes and some posterior sites. Color change of that irrelevant stimulus also slowed identification of a visual target, indicating distraction. The amplitude of this color-change vMMN, but not LFCN, indexed this distraction effect. That is, electrophysiological and behavioral measures were correlated. The interval between visual scenes approximated 1s (611-1629 ms), indicating that the brain's sensory memory for the color of the preceding visual scenes must persist for at least 600 ms. Therefore, in the case of the neural code for color, durable memory representations are formed in an obligatory manner.
2014
2.
Shtyrov, Yury; Butorina, Anna; Nikolaeva, Anastasia; Stroganova, Tatiana (2014). Automatic ultrarapid activation and inhibition of cortical motor systems in spoken word comprehension. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. USA, 111(18), E1918-E1923. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1323158111
@article{Shtyrov2014,
title = {Automatic ultrarapid activation and inhibition of cortical motor systems in spoken word comprehension},
author = {Yury Shtyrov and Anna Butorina and Anastasia Nikolaeva and Tatiana Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1073_pnas.1323158111.pdf},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1323158111},
issn = {1091-6490},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-05-06},
urldate = {2014-05-06},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
volume = {111},
number = {18},
pages = {E1918-E1923},
address = {USA},
abstract = {Significance
The mechanisms through which our brain generates complex cognitive percepts from simple sensory and motor events remain unknown. An important question is whether the basic brain structures controlling movements and perceptions directly participate in higher-order cognitive processes such as language comprehension. Using neurophysiology, we found ultrarapid (starting at ∼80 ms) activations in the human motor cortex in response to unattended action-related verbs and nouns, with words related to different body parts activating corresponding body representations. Accompanying this category-specific activity was activation suppression by words with area-incompatible meaning, demonstrating operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in language processing. These instant activations and deactivations emerging for words of different types in the absence of attention advocate automatic involvement of neural sensorimotor circuits in language comprehension.
Abstract
To address the hotly debated question of motor system involvement in language comprehension, we recorded neuromagnetic responses elicited in the human brain by unattended action-related spoken verbs and nouns and scrutinized their timecourse and neuroanatomical substrates. We found that already very early on, from ∼80 ms after disambiguation point when the words could be identified from the available acoustic information, both verbs and nouns produced characteristic somatotopic activations in the motor strip, with words related to different body parts activating the corresponding body representations. Strikingly, along with this category-specific activation, we observed suppression of motor-cortex activation by competitor words with incompatible semantics, documenting operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in neural word processing. The extremely early onset of these activations and deactivations, their emergence in the absence of attention, and their similar presence for words of different lexical classes strongly suggest automatic involvement of motor-specific circuits in the perception of action-related language.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Significance
The mechanisms through which our brain generates complex cognitive percepts from simple sensory and motor events remain unknown. An important question is whether the basic brain structures controlling movements and perceptions directly participate in higher-order cognitive processes such as language comprehension. Using neurophysiology, we found ultrarapid (starting at ∼80 ms) activations in the human motor cortex in response to unattended action-related verbs and nouns, with words related to different body parts activating corresponding body representations. Accompanying this category-specific activity was activation suppression by words with area-incompatible meaning, demonstrating operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in language processing. These instant activations and deactivations emerging for words of different types in the absence of attention advocate automatic involvement of neural sensorimotor circuits in language comprehension.
Abstract
To address the hotly debated question of motor system involvement in language comprehension, we recorded neuromagnetic responses elicited in the human brain by unattended action-related spoken verbs and nouns and scrutinized their timecourse and neuroanatomical substrates. We found that already very early on, from ∼80 ms after disambiguation point when the words could be identified from the available acoustic information, both verbs and nouns produced characteristic somatotopic activations in the motor strip, with words related to different body parts activating the corresponding body representations. Strikingly, along with this category-specific activation, we observed suppression of motor-cortex activation by competitor words with incompatible semantics, documenting operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in neural word processing. The extremely early onset of these activations and deactivations, their emergence in the absence of attention, and their similar presence for words of different lexical classes strongly suggest automatic involvement of motor-specific circuits in the perception of action-related language.
The mechanisms through which our brain generates complex cognitive percepts from simple sensory and motor events remain unknown. An important question is whether the basic brain structures controlling movements and perceptions directly participate in higher-order cognitive processes such as language comprehension. Using neurophysiology, we found ultrarapid (starting at ∼80 ms) activations in the human motor cortex in response to unattended action-related verbs and nouns, with words related to different body parts activating corresponding body representations. Accompanying this category-specific activity was activation suppression by words with area-incompatible meaning, demonstrating operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in language processing. These instant activations and deactivations emerging for words of different types in the absence of attention advocate automatic involvement of neural sensorimotor circuits in language comprehension.
Abstract
To address the hotly debated question of motor system involvement in language comprehension, we recorded neuromagnetic responses elicited in the human brain by unattended action-related spoken verbs and nouns and scrutinized their timecourse and neuroanatomical substrates. We found that already very early on, from ∼80 ms after disambiguation point when the words could be identified from the available acoustic information, both verbs and nouns produced characteristic somatotopic activations in the motor strip, with words related to different body parts activating the corresponding body representations. Strikingly, along with this category-specific activation, we observed suppression of motor-cortex activation by competitor words with incompatible semantics, documenting operation of the neurophysiological principles of lateral/surround inhibition in neural word processing. The extremely early onset of these activations and deactivations, their emergence in the absence of attention, and their similar presence for words of different lexical classes strongly suggest automatic involvement of motor-specific circuits in the perception of action-related language.
1.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2014). Arousal and attention re-orienting in autism spectrum disorders: evidence from auditory event-related potentials. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 34. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00034
@article{Orekhova2014,
title = {Arousal and attention re-orienting in autism spectrum disorders: evidence from auditory event-related potentials},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnhum.2014.00034.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2014.00034},
issn = {1662-5161},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-02-06},
urldate = {2014-02-06},
journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
volume = {8},
pages = {34},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {The extended phenotype of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) includes a combination of arousal regulation problems, sensory modulation difficulties, and attention re-orienting deficit. A slow and inefficient re-orienting to stimuli that appear outside of the attended sensory stream is thought to be especially detrimental for social functioning. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and magnetic fields (ERFs) may help to reveal which processing stages underlying brain response to unattended but salient sensory event are affected in individuals with ASD. Previous research focusing on two sequential stages of the brain response—automatic detection of physical changes in auditory stream, indexed by mismatch negativity (MMN), and evaluation of stimulus novelty, indexed by P3a component,—found in individuals with ASD either increased, decreased, or normal processing of deviance and novelty. The review examines these apparently conflicting results, notes gaps in previous findings, and suggests a potentially unifying hypothesis relating the dampened responses to unattended sensory events to the deficit in rapid arousal process. Specifically, “sensory gating” studies focused on pre-attentive arousal consistently demonstrated that brain response to unattended and temporally novel sound in ASD is already affected at around 100 ms after stimulus onset. We hypothesize that abnormalities in nicotinic cholinergic arousal pathways, previously reported in individuals with ASD, may contribute to these ERP/ERF aberrations and result in attention re-orienting deficit. Such cholinergic dysfunction may be present in individuals with ASD early in life and can influence both sensory processing and attention re-orienting behavior. Identification of early neurophysiological biomarkers for cholinergic deficit would help to detect infants “at risk” who can potentially benefit from particular types of therapies or interventions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The extended phenotype of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) includes a combination of arousal regulation problems, sensory modulation difficulties, and attention re-orienting deficit. A slow and inefficient re-orienting to stimuli that appear outside of the attended sensory stream is thought to be especially detrimental for social functioning. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and magnetic fields (ERFs) may help to reveal which processing stages underlying brain response to unattended but salient sensory event are affected in individuals with ASD. Previous research focusing on two sequential stages of the brain response—automatic detection of physical changes in auditory stream, indexed by mismatch negativity (MMN), and evaluation of stimulus novelty, indexed by P3a component,—found in individuals with ASD either increased, decreased, or normal processing of deviance and novelty. The review examines these apparently conflicting results, notes gaps in previous findings, and suggests a potentially unifying hypothesis relating the dampened responses to unattended sensory events to the deficit in rapid arousal process. Specifically, “sensory gating” studies focused on pre-attentive arousal consistently demonstrated that brain response to unattended and temporally novel sound in ASD is already affected at around 100 ms after stimulus onset. We hypothesize that abnormalities in nicotinic cholinergic arousal pathways, previously reported in individuals with ASD, may contribute to these ERP/ERF aberrations and result in attention re-orienting deficit. Such cholinergic dysfunction may be present in individuals with ASD early in life and can influence both sensory processing and attention re-orienting behavior. Identification of early neurophysiological biomarkers for cholinergic deficit would help to detect infants “at risk” who can potentially benefit from particular types of therapies or interventions.