Прокофьев Андрей
Старший научный сотрудник
кандидат психол. наук
Научные интересы
Наиболее точно область моих интересов характеризует рассказ Джона Хемри “One Small Spin”. Мне всегда любопытно, как отдельные ничтожные мелочи, накапливаясь со временем и накладываясь друг на друга, приводят к провалу, и каким образом строить работу так, чтобы провала избежать.
Техническая поддержка МЭГ-центра
В МЭГ-центре моими основными занятиями являются:
– поддержание чистоты и предсказуемости основного рабочего пространства МЭГ, мониторинг технического состояния аппаратуры, регулярная заправка аппарата МЭГ жидким гелием;
– обучение основам проведения МЭГ-исследований и предобработки получаемых данных;
– подготовка новых проектов к запуску (в том числе техническая, организационная помощь);
– проведение экспериментов, получение данных МЭГ;
– предобработка и обработка полученных данных, выстраивание и автоматизация алгоритма обработки под особенности конкретного проекта;
– оформительская и корректорская работа при подготовке публикаций.
Публикации с аффилиацией МЭГ-центра
2024
26.
Fadeev, Kirill A.; Romero Reyes, Ilacai V.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Ovsiannikova, Tatiana M.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Novikov, Artem Y.; Kozunov, Vladimir V.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2024). Attenuated processing of vowels in the left temporal cortex predicts speech-in-noise perception deficit in children with autism. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09585-2
@article{Fadeev2024,
title = {Attenuated processing of vowels in the left temporal cortex predicts speech-in-noise perception deficit in children with autism},
author = {Kirill A. Fadeev and Romero Reyes, Ilacai V. and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana M. Ovsiannikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anna M. Rytikova and Artem Y. Novikov and Vladimir V. Kozunov and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s11689-024-09585-2.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s11689-024-09585-2},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-06},
urldate = {2024-12-06},
journal = {Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.
25.
Pultsina, Kristina I.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Kozunova, Galina L.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Miasnikova, Aleksandra S.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Chernyshev, Boris V. (2024). Atypical pupil-linked arousal induced by low-risk probabilistic choices, and intolerance of uncertainty in adults with ASD. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 25(2), 531-549. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3
@article{Pultsina2024,
title = {Atypical pupil-linked arousal induced by low-risk probabilistic choices, and intolerance of uncertainty in adults with ASD},
author = {Kristina I. Pultsina and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Galina L. Kozunova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Aleksandra S. Miasnikova and Anna M. Rytikova and Boris V. Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3758_s13415-024-01227-3.pdf},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-11-19},
urldate = {2024-11-19},
journal = { Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience },
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {531-549},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress when operating in a probabilistic environment, even if it is familiar, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Their decision-making may be affected by the uncertainty aversion implicated in ASD and associated with increased autonomic arousal. Previous studies have shown that in neurotypical (NT) people, decisions with predictably better outcomes are less stressful and elicit smaller pupil-linked arousal than those involving exploration. Here, in a sample of 46 high-functioning ASD and NT participants, using mixed-effects model analysis, we explored pupil-linked arousal and behavioral performance in a probabilistic reward learning task with a stable advantage of one choice option over the other. We found that subjects with ASD learned and preferred advantageous probabilistic choices at the same rate and to the same extent as NT participants, both in terms of choice ratio and response time. Although both groups exhibited similar predictive behaviors, learning to favor advantageous choices led to increased pupillary arousal for these choices in the ASD group, while it caused a decrease in pupillary arousal in the NT group. Moreover, greater pupil-linked arousal during decisions with higher expected value correlated with greater degree of self-reported intolerance of uncertainty in everyday life. Our results suggest that in a nonvolatile probabilistic environment, objectively good predictive abilities in people with ASD are coupled with elevated physiological stress and subjective uncertainty regarding the decisions with the best possible but still uncertain outcome that contributes to their intolerance of uncertainty.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress when operating in a probabilistic environment, even if it is familiar, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Their decision-making may be affected by the uncertainty aversion implicated in ASD and associated with increased autonomic arousal. Previous studies have shown that in neurotypical (NT) people, decisions with predictably better outcomes are less stressful and elicit smaller pupil-linked arousal than those involving exploration. Here, in a sample of 46 high-functioning ASD and NT participants, using mixed-effects model analysis, we explored pupil-linked arousal and behavioral performance in a probabilistic reward learning task with a stable advantage of one choice option over the other. We found that subjects with ASD learned and preferred advantageous probabilistic choices at the same rate and to the same extent as NT participants, both in terms of choice ratio and response time. Although both groups exhibited similar predictive behaviors, learning to favor advantageous choices led to increased pupillary arousal for these choices in the ASD group, while it caused a decrease in pupillary arousal in the NT group. Moreover, greater pupil-linked arousal during decisions with higher expected value correlated with greater degree of self-reported intolerance of uncertainty in everyday life. Our results suggest that in a nonvolatile probabilistic environment, objectively good predictive abilities in people with ASD are coupled with elevated physiological stress and subjective uncertainty regarding the decisions with the best possible but still uncertain outcome that contributes to their intolerance of uncertainty.
24.
Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2024). Changes in high-frequency aperiodic 1/f slope and periodic activity reflect post-stimulus functional inhibition in the visual cortex. Imaging Neuroscience, 2, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00146
@article{Manyukhina2024,
title = {Changes in high-frequency aperiodic 1/f slope and periodic activity reflect post-stimulus functional inhibition in the visual cortex},
author = {Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1162_imag_a_00146.pdf},
doi = {10.1162/imag_a_00146},
issn = {2837-6056},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-10},
urldate = {2024-04-10},
journal = {Imaging Neuroscience},
volume = {2},
pages = {1-24},
publisher = {MIT Press},
abstract = {It has been shown that cessation of intensive sensory stimulation is associated with a transient increase in functional inhibition in the sensory cortical areas. However, the electrophysiological correlates of this post-stimulus inhibition in the human brain have not been thoroughly investigated. To investigate post-stimulus inhibition, we analyzed magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recorded at rest and after cessation of visual stimulation of varying intensity (high-contrast gratings drifting at a slow, medium, or high rate) in 25 healthy women aged 18–40 years. We analyzed condition- and intensity-related changes in MEG parameters sensitive to functional inhibition: periodic alpha-beta power, peak alpha frequency (PAF), and 1/f aperiodic slope. We also investigated the association of these parameters with sensory sensitivity and avoidance assessed by a questionnaire. To evaluate the influence of hormonal status on the studied parameters, participants were examined twice, during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). Regardless of the MC phase, increasing drift rate of visual gratings resulted in a proportional increase of post-stimulus posterior alpha-beta power, PAF, and a negative shift of the aperiodic (1/f) slope of the power spectrum in the high-frequency range. Compared to rest, the post-stimulus periods were characterized by higher PAF, more negative 1/f slope in posterior cortical areas, and a widespread increase in beta power. While condition- and drift-rate-dependent modulations of alpha-beta power and 1/f slope were correlated, changes in PAF did not correlate with either of them. A greater intensity-dependent increase in visual alpha-beta power predicted higher subjective sensory sensitivity/avoidance, suggesting stronger regulatory top-down modulation of the visual cortex in individuals with heightened sensitivity. Our results show that several MEG parameters concordantly indicate a post-stimulus enhancement of inhibition that is proportional to the intensity of the preceding visual stimulation. While post-stimulus changes in alpha-beta power and 1/f slope may share some common mechanisms, changes in PAF reflect a distinct aspect of inhibitory regulation. Our results inform potential inhibition-based biomarkers for clinical and translational research.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
It has been shown that cessation of intensive sensory stimulation is associated with a transient increase in functional inhibition in the sensory cortical areas. However, the electrophysiological correlates of this post-stimulus inhibition in the human brain have not been thoroughly investigated. To investigate post-stimulus inhibition, we analyzed magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recorded at rest and after cessation of visual stimulation of varying intensity (high-contrast gratings drifting at a slow, medium, or high rate) in 25 healthy women aged 18–40 years. We analyzed condition- and intensity-related changes in MEG parameters sensitive to functional inhibition: periodic alpha-beta power, peak alpha frequency (PAF), and 1/f aperiodic slope. We also investigated the association of these parameters with sensory sensitivity and avoidance assessed by a questionnaire. To evaluate the influence of hormonal status on the studied parameters, participants were examined twice, during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). Regardless of the MC phase, increasing drift rate of visual gratings resulted in a proportional increase of post-stimulus posterior alpha-beta power, PAF, and a negative shift of the aperiodic (1/f) slope of the power spectrum in the high-frequency range. Compared to rest, the post-stimulus periods were characterized by higher PAF, more negative 1/f slope in posterior cortical areas, and a widespread increase in beta power. While condition- and drift-rate-dependent modulations of alpha-beta power and 1/f slope were correlated, changes in PAF did not correlate with either of them. A greater intensity-dependent increase in visual alpha-beta power predicted higher subjective sensory sensitivity/avoidance, suggesting stronger regulatory top-down modulation of the visual cortex in individuals with heightened sensitivity. Our results show that several MEG parameters concordantly indicate a post-stimulus enhancement of inhibition that is proportional to the intensity of the preceding visual stimulation. While post-stimulus changes in alpha-beta power and 1/f slope may share some common mechanisms, changes in PAF reflect a distinct aspect of inhibitory regulation. Our results inform potential inhibition-based biomarkers for clinical and translational research.
2023
23.
Чернышев, Б. В.; Пульцина, К. И.; Третьякова, В. Д.; Мясникова, А. С.; Прокофьев, А. О.; Козунова, Г. Л.; Строганова, Т. А. (2023). Нейрофизиологические механизмы стратегий использования и исследования при выскофункциональном аутизме: магнитоэнцефалографическое исследование. Гены и Клетки, 18(4), 606-609. https://doi.org/10.17816/gc623327
@article{Chernyshev2023b,
title = {Нейрофизиологические механизмы стратегий использования и исследования при выскофункциональном аутизме: магнитоэнцефалографическое исследование},
author = {Чернышев, Б. В. and Пульцина, К. И. and Третьякова, В. Д. and Мясникова, А. С. and Прокофьев, А. О. and Козунова, Г. Л. and Строганова, Т.А.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17816_gc623327.pdf},
doi = {10.17816/gc623327},
issn = {2500-2562},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-15},
urldate = {2023-12-15},
journal = {Гены и Клетки},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {606-609},
abstract = {Нетерпимость к неопределённости и высокую чувствительностью к угрозе неудачи рассматривают как один из факторов, поддерживающих хроническое беспокойство у пациентов с высокофункциональным аутизмом. Мы исследовали, каким образом эти личностные черты у пациентов с аутизмом сказываются на мозговых процессах, обеспечивающих стратегии выбора в вероятностной среде.
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Нетерпимость к неопределённости и высокую чувствительностью к угрозе неудачи рассматривают как один из факторов, поддерживающих хроническое беспокойство у пациентов с высокофункциональным аутизмом. Мы исследовали, каким образом эти личностные черты у пациентов с аутизмом сказываются на мозговых процессах, обеспечивающих стратегии выбора в вероятностной среде.
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001
22.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Fadeev, Kirill A.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Ovsiannikova, Tatiana M.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2023). Different hemispheric lateralization for periodicity and formant structure of vowels in the auditory cortex and its changes between childhood and adulthood. Cortex, 171, 287-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.020
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Orekhova2024,
title = {Different hemispheric lateralization for periodicity and formant structure of vowels in the auditory cortex and its changes between childhood and adulthood},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Kirill A. Fadeev and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana M. Ovsiannikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519561v2.full.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.020},
issn = {0010-9452},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-19},
urldate = {2023-11-19},
journal = {Cortex},
volume = {171},
pages = {287-307},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {The spectral formant structure and periodicity pitch are the major features that determine the identity of vowels and the characteristics of the speaker. However, very little is known about how the processing of these features in the auditory cortex changes during development. To address this question, we independently manipulated the periodicity and formant structure of vowels while measuring auditory cortex responses using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in children aged 7–12 years and adults. We analyzed the sustained negative shift of source current associated with these vowel properties, which was present in the auditory cortex in both age groups despite differences in the transient components of the auditory response. In adults, the sustained activation associated with formant structure was lateralized to the left hemisphere early in the auditory processing stream requiring neither attention nor semantic mapping. This lateralization was not yet established in children, in whom the right hemisphere contribution to formant processing was strong and decreased during or after puberty. In contrast to the formant structure, periodicity was associated with a greater response in the right hemisphere in both children and adults. These findings suggest that left-lateralization for the automatic processing of vowel formant structure emerges relatively late in ontogenesis and pose a serious challenge to current theories of hemispheric specialization for speech processing.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The spectral formant structure and periodicity pitch are the major features that determine the identity of vowels and the characteristics of the speaker. However, very little is known about how the processing of these features in the auditory cortex changes during development. To address this question, we independently manipulated the periodicity and formant structure of vowels while measuring auditory cortex responses using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in children aged 7–12 years and adults. We analyzed the sustained negative shift of source current associated with these vowel properties, which was present in the auditory cortex in both age groups despite differences in the transient components of the auditory response. In adults, the sustained activation associated with formant structure was lateralized to the left hemisphere early in the auditory processing stream requiring neither attention nor semantic mapping. This lateralization was not yet established in children, in whom the right hemisphere contribution to formant processing was strong and decreased during or after puberty. In contrast to the formant structure, periodicity was associated with a greater response in the right hemisphere in both children and adults. These findings suggest that left-lateralization for the automatic processing of vowel formant structure emerges relatively late in ontogenesis and pose a serious challenge to current theories of hemispheric specialization for speech processing.
21.
Pavlova, Anna; Tyulenev, Nikita; Tretyakova, Vera; Skavronskaya, Valeriya; Nikolaeva, Anastasia; Prokofyev, Andrey; Stroganova, Tatiana; Chernyshev, Boris (2023). Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults. Psychophysiology, 60, e14284. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14284
@article{Pavlova2023,
title = {Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults},
author = {Anna Pavlova and Nikita Tyulenev and Vera Tretyakova and Valeriya Skavronskaya and Anastasia Nikolaeva and Andrey Prokofyev and Tatiana Stroganova and Boris Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1111_psyp.14284.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/psyp.14284},
issn = {1469-8986},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-08-00},
urldate = {2023-08-00},
journal = {Psychophysiology},
volume = {60},
issue = {8},
pages = {e14284},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Large-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement-related β-oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial–temporal characteristics of β-oscillations accompanying cue-triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β-power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β-suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β-power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Large-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement-related β-oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial–temporal characteristics of β-oscillations accompanying cue-triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β-power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β-suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β-power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.
20.
Chernyshev, Boris V.; Pultsina, Kristina I.; Tretyakova, Vera D.; Miasnikova, Aleksandra S.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Kozunova, Galina L.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2023). Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 17, 1152926. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
@article{Chernyshev2023c,
title = {Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex},
author = {Boris V. Chernyshev and Kristina I. Pultsina and Vera D. Tretyakova and Aleksandra S. Miasnikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Galina L. Kozunova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnins.2023.1152926.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926},
issn = {1662-453X},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-11},
urldate = {2023-05-11},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
volume = {17},
pages = {1152926},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {We examined the neural signature of directed exploration by contrasting MEG beta (16–30 Hz) power changes between disadvantageous and advantageous choices in the two-choice probabilistic reward task. We analyzed the choices made after the participants have learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes, i.e., acquired the inner model of choice values. Therefore, rare disadvantageous choices might serve explorative, environment-probing purposes. The study brought two main findings. Firstly, decision making leading to disadvantageous choices took more time and evidenced greater large-scale suppression of beta oscillations than its advantageous alternative. Additional neural resources recruited during disadvantageous decisions strongly suggest their deliberately explorative nature. Secondly, an outcome of disadvantageous and advantageous choices had qualitatively different impact on feedback-related beta oscillations. After the disadvantageous choices, only losses—but not gains—were followed by late beta synchronization in frontal cortex. Our results are consistent with the role of frontal beta oscillations in the stabilization of neural representations for selected behavioral rule when explorative strategy conflicts with value-based behavior. Punishment for explorative choice being congruent with its low value in the reward history is more likely to strengthen, through punishment-related beta oscillations, the representation of exploitative choices consistent with the inner utility model.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We examined the neural signature of directed exploration by contrasting MEG beta (16–30 Hz) power changes between disadvantageous and advantageous choices in the two-choice probabilistic reward task. We analyzed the choices made after the participants have learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes, i.e., acquired the inner model of choice values. Therefore, rare disadvantageous choices might serve explorative, environment-probing purposes. The study brought two main findings. Firstly, decision making leading to disadvantageous choices took more time and evidenced greater large-scale suppression of beta oscillations than its advantageous alternative. Additional neural resources recruited during disadvantageous decisions strongly suggest their deliberately explorative nature. Secondly, an outcome of disadvantageous and advantageous choices had qualitatively different impact on feedback-related beta oscillations. After the disadvantageous choices, only losses—but not gains—were followed by late beta synchronization in frontal cortex. Our results are consistent with the role of frontal beta oscillations in the stabilization of neural representations for selected behavioral rule when explorative strategy conflicts with value-based behavior. Punishment for explorative choice being congruent with its low value in the reward history is more likely to strengthen, through punishment-related beta oscillations, the representation of exploitative choices consistent with the inner utility model.
19.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Galuta, Ilia A.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Fadeev, Kirill A.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2023). Gamma oscillations point to the role of primary visual cortex in atypical motion processing in autism. PLoS ONE, 18(2), e0281531. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281531
@article{Orekhova2023,
title = {Gamma oscillations point to the role of primary visual cortex in atypical motion processing in autism},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Ilia A. Galuta and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Kirill A. Fadeev and Justin F. Schneiderman and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
editor = {Mehdi Adibi},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1371_journal.pone.0281531.pdf},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0281531},
issn = {1932-6203},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-13},
urldate = {2023-02-13},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {e0281531},
publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
abstract = {Neurophysiological studies suggest that abnormal neural inhibition may explain a range of sensory processing differences in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In particular, the impaired ability of people with ASD to visually discriminate the motion direction of small-size objects and their reduced perceptual suppression of background-like visual motion may stem from deficient surround inhibition within the primary visual cortex (V1) and/or its atypical top-down modulation by higher-tier cortical areas. In this study, we estimate the contribution of abnormal surround inhibition to the motion-processing deficit in ASD. For this purpose, we used a putative correlate of surround inhibition–suppression of the magnetoencephalographic (MEG) gamma response (GR) caused by an increase in the drift rate of a large annular high-contrast grating. The motion direction discrimination thresholds for the gratings of different angular sizes (1° and 12°) were assessed in a separate psychophysical paradigm. The MEG data were collected in 42 boys with ASD and 37 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7–15 years. Psychophysical data were available in 33 and 34 of these participants, respectively. The results showed that the GR suppression in V1 was reduced in boys with ASD, while their ability to detect the direction of motion was compromised only in the case of small stimuli. In TD boys, the GR suppression directly correlated with perceptual suppression caused by increasing stimulus size, thus suggesting the role of the top-down modulations of V1 in surround inhibition. In ASD, weaker GR suppression was associated with the poor directional sensitivity to small stimuli, but not with perceptual suppression. These results strongly suggest that a local inhibitory deficit in V1 plays an important role in the reduction of directional sensitivity in ASD and that this perceptual deficit cannot be explained exclusively by atypical top-down modulation of V1 by higher-tier cortical areas.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Neurophysiological studies suggest that abnormal neural inhibition may explain a range of sensory processing differences in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In particular, the impaired ability of people with ASD to visually discriminate the motion direction of small-size objects and their reduced perceptual suppression of background-like visual motion may stem from deficient surround inhibition within the primary visual cortex (V1) and/or its atypical top-down modulation by higher-tier cortical areas. In this study, we estimate the contribution of abnormal surround inhibition to the motion-processing deficit in ASD. For this purpose, we used a putative correlate of surround inhibition–suppression of the magnetoencephalographic (MEG) gamma response (GR) caused by an increase in the drift rate of a large annular high-contrast grating. The motion direction discrimination thresholds for the gratings of different angular sizes (1° and 12°) were assessed in a separate psychophysical paradigm. The MEG data were collected in 42 boys with ASD and 37 typically developing (TD) boys aged 7–15 years. Psychophysical data were available in 33 and 34 of these participants, respectively. The results showed that the GR suppression in V1 was reduced in boys with ASD, while their ability to detect the direction of motion was compromised only in the case of small stimuli. In TD boys, the GR suppression directly correlated with perceptual suppression caused by increasing stimulus size, thus suggesting the role of the top-down modulations of V1 in surround inhibition. In ASD, weaker GR suppression was associated with the poor directional sensitivity to small stimuli, but not with perceptual suppression. These results strongly suggest that a local inhibitory deficit in V1 plays an important role in the reduction of directional sensitivity in ASD and that this perceptual deficit cannot be explained exclusively by atypical top-down modulation of V1 by higher-tier cortical areas.
2022
18.
Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Orekhova, Elena V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2022). Altered visual cortex excitability in premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Evidence from magnetoencephalographic gamma oscillations and perceptual suppression. PLoS ONE, 17(12), e0279868. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0279868
@article{Manyukhina2022,
title = {Altered visual cortex excitability in premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Evidence from magnetoencephalographic gamma oscillations and perceptual suppression},
author = {Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Elena V. Orekhova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
editor = {Thiago P. Fernandes},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1371_journal.pone.0279868.pdf},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0279868},
issn = {1932-6203},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-30},
urldate = {2022-12-30},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {17},
number = {12},
pages = {e0279868},
publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
abstract = {Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by extreme mood shifts during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (MC) due to abnormal sensitivity to neurosteroids and unbalanced neural excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio. We hypothesized that in women with PMDD in the luteal phase, these factors would alter the frequency of magnetoencephalographic visual gamma oscillations, affect modulation of their power by excitatory drive, and decrease perceptual spatial suppression. Women with PMDD and control women were examined twice–during the follicular and luteal phases of their MC. We recorded visual gamma response (GR) while modulating the excitatory drive by increasing the drift rate of the high-contrast grating (static, ‘slow’, ‘medium’, and ‘fast’). Contrary to our expectations, GR frequency was not affected in women with PMDD in either phase of the MC. GR power suppression, which is normally associated with a switch from the ‘optimal’ for GR slow drift rate to the medium drift rate, was reduced in women with PMDD and was the only GR parameter that distinguished them from control participants specifically in the luteal phase and predicted severity of their premenstrual symptoms. Over and above the atypical luteal GR suppression, in both phases of the MC women with PMDD had abnormally strong GR facilitation caused by a switch from the ‘suboptimal’ static to the ‘optimal’ slow drift rate. Perceptual spatial suppression did not differ between the groups but decreased from the follicular to the luteal phase only in PMDD women. The atypical modulation of GR power suggests that neuronal excitability in the visual cortex is constitutively elevated in PMDD and that this E/I imbalance is further exacerbated during the luteal phase. However, the unaltered GR frequency does not support the hypothesis of inhibitory neuron dysfunction in PMDD.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by extreme mood shifts during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (MC) due to abnormal sensitivity to neurosteroids and unbalanced neural excitation/inhibition (E/I) ratio. We hypothesized that in women with PMDD in the luteal phase, these factors would alter the frequency of magnetoencephalographic visual gamma oscillations, affect modulation of their power by excitatory drive, and decrease perceptual spatial suppression. Women with PMDD and control women were examined twice–during the follicular and luteal phases of their MC. We recorded visual gamma response (GR) while modulating the excitatory drive by increasing the drift rate of the high-contrast grating (static, ‘slow’, ‘medium’, and ‘fast’). Contrary to our expectations, GR frequency was not affected in women with PMDD in either phase of the MC. GR power suppression, which is normally associated with a switch from the ‘optimal’ for GR slow drift rate to the medium drift rate, was reduced in women with PMDD and was the only GR parameter that distinguished them from control participants specifically in the luteal phase and predicted severity of their premenstrual symptoms. Over and above the atypical luteal GR suppression, in both phases of the MC women with PMDD had abnormally strong GR facilitation caused by a switch from the ‘suboptimal’ static to the ‘optimal’ slow drift rate. Perceptual spatial suppression did not differ between the groups but decreased from the follicular to the luteal phase only in PMDD women. The atypical modulation of GR power suggests that neuronal excitability in the visual cortex is constitutively elevated in PMDD and that this E/I imbalance is further exacerbated during the luteal phase. However, the unaltered GR frequency does not support the hypothesis of inhibitory neuron dysfunction in PMDD.
17.
Stroganova, T. A.; Komarov, K. S.; Goiaeva, D. E.; Obukhova, T. S.; Ovsiannikova, T. M.; Prokofyev, A. O.; Orekhova, E. V. (2022). Effects of the Periodicity and Vowelness of Sounds on Auditory Cortex Responses in Children. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 52(3), 395-404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-022-01253-z
@article{Stroganova2022,
title = {Effects of the Periodicity and Vowelness of Sounds on Auditory Cortex Responses in Children},
author = {T. A. Stroganova and K. S. Komarov and D. E. Goiaeva and T. S. Obukhova and T. M. Ovsiannikova and A. O. Prokofyev and E. V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s11055-022-01253-z.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s11055-022-01253-z},
issn = {1573-899X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-07},
urldate = {2022-06-07},
journal = {Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology},
volume = {52},
number = {3},
pages = {395-404},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {The mechanisms of the human brain decoding speech sounds are of fundamental and applied interest in many areas of neuroscience. This study addresses the roles of periodicity and the speech nature (fixed formant structure) of vowel sounds in modulating auditory cortex activity in typically developing children. We proposed that both of these characteristics are typical of the vowel sounds of speech and that they are processed by different neural networks in the auditory cortex. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a set of acoustic stimuli by manipulating their periodicity and vowelness separately and used magnetoencephalography combined with individual models of the cortical surface to evaluate the cortical topography of the sources of auditory cortex responses and their strengths. The cohort consisted of nine typically developing children aged 7–12 years. We found that early auditory cortex responses (50–150 msec after stimulus onset) were highly sensitive to both the periodicity and vowelness of sounds, with independent tuning of neural networks to each of these properties of speech sounds. Differences in the locations, time dynamics, and hemisphere asymmetry of these differential responses indicated that “sound vowelness zones” in the temporal cortex constitute the earliest level in the speech information processing hierarchy at which processing of the acoustic properties of a periodic signal is transformed into decoding of speech sounds. These results allow the specific features and roles of possible impairments to the processing of the low-level properties of speech sounds and difficulties in speech perception in children with pervasive developmental disorders to be evaluated.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The mechanisms of the human brain decoding speech sounds are of fundamental and applied interest in many areas of neuroscience. This study addresses the roles of periodicity and the speech nature (fixed formant structure) of vowel sounds in modulating auditory cortex activity in typically developing children. We proposed that both of these characteristics are typical of the vowel sounds of speech and that they are processed by different neural networks in the auditory cortex. To test this hypothesis, we constructed a set of acoustic stimuli by manipulating their periodicity and vowelness separately and used magnetoencephalography combined with individual models of the cortical surface to evaluate the cortical topography of the sources of auditory cortex responses and their strengths. The cohort consisted of nine typically developing children aged 7–12 years. We found that early auditory cortex responses (50–150 msec after stimulus onset) were highly sensitive to both the periodicity and vowelness of sounds, with independent tuning of neural networks to each of these properties of speech sounds. Differences in the locations, time dynamics, and hemisphere asymmetry of these differential responses indicated that “sound vowelness zones” in the temporal cortex constitute the earliest level in the speech information processing hierarchy at which processing of the acoustic properties of a periodic signal is transformed into decoding of speech sounds. These results allow the specific features and roles of possible impairments to the processing of the low-level properties of speech sounds and difficulties in speech perception in children with pervasive developmental disorders to be evaluated.
16.
Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Galuta, Ilia A.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Altukhov, Dmitrii I.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2022). Globally elevated excitation–inhibition ratio in children with autism spectrum disorder and below-average intelligence. Molecular Autism, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00498-2
@article{Manyukhina2022b,
title = {Globally elevated excitation–inhibition ratio in children with autism spectrum disorder and below-average intelligence},
author = {Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Ilia A. Galuta and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Justin F. Schneiderman and Dmitrii I. Altukhov and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s13229-022-00498-2.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s13229-022-00498-2},
issn = {2040-2392},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-05-12},
urldate = {2022-05-12},
journal = {Molecular Autism},
volume = {13},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Altered neuronal excitation–inhibition (E–I) balance is strongly implicated in ASD. However, it is not known whether the direction and degree of changes in the E–I ratio in individuals with ASD correlates with intellectual disability often associated with this developmental disorder. The spectral slope of the aperiodic 1/f activity reflects the E–I balance at the scale of large neuronal populations and may uncover its putative alternations in individuals with ASD with and without intellectual disability.
Methods
Herein, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to test whether the 1/f slope would differentiate ASD children with average and below–average (< 85) IQ. MEG was recorded at rest with eyes open/closed in 49 boys with ASD aged 6–15 years with IQ ranging from 54 to 128, and in 49 age-matched typically developing (TD) boys. The cortical source activity was estimated using the beamformer approach and individual brain models. We then extracted the 1/f slope by fitting a linear function to the log–log-scale power spectra in the high-frequency range.
Results
The global 1/f slope averaged over all cortical sources demonstrated high rank-order stability between the two conditions. Consistent with previous research, it was steeper in the eyes-closed than in the eyes-open condition and flattened with age. Regardless of condition, children with ASD and below-average IQ had flatter slopes than either TD or ASD children with average or above-average IQ. These group differences could not be explained by differences in signal-to-noise ratio or periodic (alpha and beta) activity.
Limitations
Further research is needed to find out whether the observed changes in E–I ratios are characteristic of children with below-average IQ of other diagnostic groups.
Conclusions
The atypically flattened spectral slope of aperiodic activity in children with ASD and below-average IQ suggests a shift of the global E–I balance toward hyper-excitation. The spectral slope can provide an accessible noninvasive biomarker of the E–I ratio for making objective judgments about treatment effectiveness in people with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Altered neuronal excitation–inhibition (E–I) balance is strongly implicated in ASD. However, it is not known whether the direction and degree of changes in the E–I ratio in individuals with ASD correlates with intellectual disability often associated with this developmental disorder. The spectral slope of the aperiodic 1/f activity reflects the E–I balance at the scale of large neuronal populations and may uncover its putative alternations in individuals with ASD with and without intellectual disability.
Methods
Herein, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to test whether the 1/f slope would differentiate ASD children with average and below–average (< 85) IQ. MEG was recorded at rest with eyes open/closed in 49 boys with ASD aged 6–15 years with IQ ranging from 54 to 128, and in 49 age-matched typically developing (TD) boys. The cortical source activity was estimated using the beamformer approach and individual brain models. We then extracted the 1/f slope by fitting a linear function to the log–log-scale power spectra in the high-frequency range.
Results
The global 1/f slope averaged over all cortical sources demonstrated high rank-order stability between the two conditions. Consistent with previous research, it was steeper in the eyes-closed than in the eyes-open condition and flattened with age. Regardless of condition, children with ASD and below-average IQ had flatter slopes than either TD or ASD children with average or above-average IQ. These group differences could not be explained by differences in signal-to-noise ratio or periodic (alpha and beta) activity.
Limitations
Further research is needed to find out whether the observed changes in E–I ratios are characteristic of children with below-average IQ of other diagnostic groups.
Conclusions
The atypically flattened spectral slope of aperiodic activity in children with ASD and below-average IQ suggests a shift of the global E–I balance toward hyper-excitation. The spectral slope can provide an accessible noninvasive biomarker of the E–I ratio for making objective judgments about treatment effectiveness in people with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability.
Altered neuronal excitation–inhibition (E–I) balance is strongly implicated in ASD. However, it is not known whether the direction and degree of changes in the E–I ratio in individuals with ASD correlates with intellectual disability often associated with this developmental disorder. The spectral slope of the aperiodic 1/f activity reflects the E–I balance at the scale of large neuronal populations and may uncover its putative alternations in individuals with ASD with and without intellectual disability.
Methods
Herein, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to test whether the 1/f slope would differentiate ASD children with average and below–average (< 85) IQ. MEG was recorded at rest with eyes open/closed in 49 boys with ASD aged 6–15 years with IQ ranging from 54 to 128, and in 49 age-matched typically developing (TD) boys. The cortical source activity was estimated using the beamformer approach and individual brain models. We then extracted the 1/f slope by fitting a linear function to the log–log-scale power spectra in the high-frequency range.
Results
The global 1/f slope averaged over all cortical sources demonstrated high rank-order stability between the two conditions. Consistent with previous research, it was steeper in the eyes-closed than in the eyes-open condition and flattened with age. Regardless of condition, children with ASD and below-average IQ had flatter slopes than either TD or ASD children with average or above-average IQ. These group differences could not be explained by differences in signal-to-noise ratio or periodic (alpha and beta) activity.
Limitations
Further research is needed to find out whether the observed changes in E–I ratios are characteristic of children with below-average IQ of other diagnostic groups.
Conclusions
The atypically flattened spectral slope of aperiodic activity in children with ASD and below-average IQ suggests a shift of the global E–I balance toward hyper-excitation. The spectral slope can provide an accessible noninvasive biomarker of the E–I ratio for making objective judgments about treatment effectiveness in people with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability.
15.
Kozunova, Galina L.; Sayfulina, Ksenia E.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Medvedev, Vladimir A.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Chernyshev, Boris V. (2022). Pupil dilation and response slowing distinguish deliberate explorative choices in the probabilistic learning task. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 22(5), 1108-1129. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-022-00996-z
@article{Kozunova2022b,
title = {Pupil dilation and response slowing distinguish deliberate explorative choices in the probabilistic learning task},
author = {Galina L. Kozunova and Ksenia E. Sayfulina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Vladimir A. Medvedev and Anna M. Rytikova and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Boris V. Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3758_s13415-022-00996-z.pdf},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-022-00996-z},
issn = {1531-135X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-04-01},
urldate = {2022-04-01},
journal = {Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience },
volume = {22},
number = {5},
pages = {1108-1129},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {This study examined whether pupil size and response time would distinguish directed exploration from random exploration and exploitation. Eighty-nine participants performed the two-choice probabilistic learning task while their pupil size and response time were continuously recorded. Using LMM analysis, we estimated differences in the pupil size and response time between the advantageous and disadvantageous choices as a function of learning success, i.e., whether or not a participant has learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes. We proposed that before a true value of each choice became known to a decision-maker, both advantageous and disadvantageous choices represented a random exploration of the two options with an equally uncertain outcome, whereas the same choices after learning manifested exploitation and direct exploration strategies, respectively. We found that disadvantageous choices were associated with increases both in response time and pupil size, but only after the participants had learned the choice-reward contingencies. For the pupil size, this effect was strongly amplified for those disadvantageous choices that immediately followed gains as compared to losses in the preceding choice. Pupil size modulations were evident during the behavioral choice rather than during the pretrial baseline. These findings suggest that occasional disadvantageous choices, which violate the acquired internal utility model, represent directed exploration. This exploratory strategy shifts choice priorities in favor of information seeking and its autonomic and behavioral concomitants are mainly driven by the conflict between the behavioral plan of the intended exploratory choice and its strong alternative, which has already proven to be more rewarding.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examined whether pupil size and response time would distinguish directed exploration from random exploration and exploitation. Eighty-nine participants performed the two-choice probabilistic learning task while their pupil size and response time were continuously recorded. Using LMM analysis, we estimated differences in the pupil size and response time between the advantageous and disadvantageous choices as a function of learning success, i.e., whether or not a participant has learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes. We proposed that before a true value of each choice became known to a decision-maker, both advantageous and disadvantageous choices represented a random exploration of the two options with an equally uncertain outcome, whereas the same choices after learning manifested exploitation and direct exploration strategies, respectively. We found that disadvantageous choices were associated with increases both in response time and pupil size, but only after the participants had learned the choice-reward contingencies. For the pupil size, this effect was strongly amplified for those disadvantageous choices that immediately followed gains as compared to losses in the preceding choice. Pupil size modulations were evident during the behavioral choice rather than during the pretrial baseline. These findings suggest that occasional disadvantageous choices, which violate the acquired internal utility model, represent directed exploration. This exploratory strategy shifts choice priorities in favor of information seeking and its autonomic and behavioral concomitants are mainly driven by the conflict between the behavioral plan of the intended exploratory choice and its strong alternative, which has already proven to be more rewarding.
2021
14.
Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Rostovtseva, Ekaterina N.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2021). Visual gamma oscillations predict sensory sensitivity in females as they do in males. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 12013. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91381-2
@article{Manyukhina2021,
title = {Visual gamma oscillations predict sensory sensitivity in females as they do in males},
author = {Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Ekaterina N. Rostovtseva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Justin F. Schneiderman and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1038_s41598-021-91381-2.pdf},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-91381-2},
issn = {2045-2322},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-12-00},
urldate = {2021-12-00},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
pages = {12013},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Gamma oscillations are driven by local cortical excitatory (E)–inhibitory (I) loops and may help to characterize neural processing involving excitatory-inhibitory interactions. In the visual cortex reliable gamma oscillations can be recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the majority of individuals, which makes visual gamma an attractive candidate for biomarkers of brain disorders associated with E/I imbalance. Little is known, however, about if/how these oscillations reflect individual differences in neural excitability and associated sensory/perceptual phenomena. The power of visual gamma response (GR) changes nonlinearly with increasing stimulation intensity: it increases with transition from static to slowly drifting high-contrast grating and then attenuates with further increase in the drift rate. In a recent MEG study we found that the GR attenuation predicted sensitivity to sensory stimuli in everyday life in neurotypical adult men and in men with autism spectrum disorders. Here, we replicated these results in neurotypical female participants. The GR enhancement with transition from static to slowly drifting grating did not correlate significantly with the sensory sensitivity measures. These findings suggest that weak velocity-related attenuation of the GR is a reliable neural concomitant of visual hypersensitivity and that the degree of GR attenuation may provide useful information about E/I balance in the visual cortex.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gamma oscillations are driven by local cortical excitatory (E)–inhibitory (I) loops and may help to characterize neural processing involving excitatory-inhibitory interactions. In the visual cortex reliable gamma oscillations can be recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the majority of individuals, which makes visual gamma an attractive candidate for biomarkers of brain disorders associated with E/I imbalance. Little is known, however, about if/how these oscillations reflect individual differences in neural excitability and associated sensory/perceptual phenomena. The power of visual gamma response (GR) changes nonlinearly with increasing stimulation intensity: it increases with transition from static to slowly drifting high-contrast grating and then attenuates with further increase in the drift rate. In a recent MEG study we found that the GR attenuation predicted sensitivity to sensory stimuli in everyday life in neurotypical adult men and in men with autism spectrum disorders. Here, we replicated these results in neurotypical female participants. The GR enhancement with transition from static to slowly drifting grating did not correlate significantly with the sensory sensitivity measures. These findings suggest that weak velocity-related attenuation of the GR is a reliable neural concomitant of visual hypersensitivity and that the degree of GR attenuation may provide useful information about E/I balance in the visual cortex.
2020
13.
Stroganova, T. A.; Komarov, K. S.; Sysoeva, O. V.; Goiaeva, D. E.; Obukhova, T. S.; Ovsiannikova, T. M.; Prokofyev, A. O.; Orekhova, E. V. (2020). Left hemispheric deficit in the sustained neuromagnetic response to periodic click trains in children with ASD. Molecular Autism, 11, 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13229-020-00408-4
@article{Stroganova2020,
title = {Left hemispheric deficit in the sustained neuromagnetic response to periodic click trains in children with ASD},
author = {T. A. Stroganova and K. S. Komarov and O. V. Sysoeva and D. E. Goiaeva and T. S. Obukhova and T. M. Ovsiannikova and A. O. Prokofyev and E. V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s13229-020-00408-4.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s13229-020-00408-4},
issn = {2040-2392},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-31},
urldate = {2020-12-31},
journal = {Molecular Autism},
volume = {11},
pages = {100},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Deficits in perception and production of vocal pitch are often observed in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the neural basis of these deficits is unknown. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), spectrally complex periodic sounds trigger two continuous neural responses—the auditory steady state response (ASSR) and the sustained field (SF). It has been shown that the SF in neurotypical individuals is associated with low-level analysis of pitch in the ‘pitch processing center’ of the Heschl’s gyrus. Therefore, alternations in this auditory response may reflect atypical processing of vocal pitch. The SF, however, has never been studied in people with ASD.
Methods
We used MEG and individual brain models to investigate the ASSR and SF evoked by monaural 40 Hz click trains in boys with ASD (N = 35) and neurotypical (NT) boys (N = 35) aged 7–12-years.
Results
In agreement with the previous research in adults, the cortical sources of the SF in children were located in the left and right Heschl’s gyri, anterolateral to those of the ASSR. In both groups, the SF and ASSR dominated in the right hemisphere and were higher in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. The ASSR increased with age in both NT and ASD children and did not differ between the groups. The SF amplitude did not significantly change between the ages of 7 and 12 years. It was moderately attenuated in both hemispheres and was markedly delayed and displaced in the left hemisphere in boys with ASD. The SF delay in participants with ASD was present irrespective of their intelligence level and severity of autism symptoms.
Limitations
We did not test the language abilities of our participants. Therefore, the link between SF and processing of vocal pitch in children with ASD remains speculative.
Conclusion
Children with ASD demonstrate atypical processing of spectrally complex periodic sound at the level of the core auditory cortex of the left-hemisphere. The observed neural deficit may contribute to speech perception difficulties experienced by children with ASD, including their poor perception and production of linguistic prosody.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Deficits in perception and production of vocal pitch are often observed in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the neural basis of these deficits is unknown. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), spectrally complex periodic sounds trigger two continuous neural responses—the auditory steady state response (ASSR) and the sustained field (SF). It has been shown that the SF in neurotypical individuals is associated with low-level analysis of pitch in the ‘pitch processing center’ of the Heschl’s gyrus. Therefore, alternations in this auditory response may reflect atypical processing of vocal pitch. The SF, however, has never been studied in people with ASD.
Methods
We used MEG and individual brain models to investigate the ASSR and SF evoked by monaural 40 Hz click trains in boys with ASD (N = 35) and neurotypical (NT) boys (N = 35) aged 7–12-years.
Results
In agreement with the previous research in adults, the cortical sources of the SF in children were located in the left and right Heschl’s gyri, anterolateral to those of the ASSR. In both groups, the SF and ASSR dominated in the right hemisphere and were higher in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. The ASSR increased with age in both NT and ASD children and did not differ between the groups. The SF amplitude did not significantly change between the ages of 7 and 12 years. It was moderately attenuated in both hemispheres and was markedly delayed and displaced in the left hemisphere in boys with ASD. The SF delay in participants with ASD was present irrespective of their intelligence level and severity of autism symptoms.
Limitations
We did not test the language abilities of our participants. Therefore, the link between SF and processing of vocal pitch in children with ASD remains speculative.
Conclusion
Children with ASD demonstrate atypical processing of spectrally complex periodic sound at the level of the core auditory cortex of the left-hemisphere. The observed neural deficit may contribute to speech perception difficulties experienced by children with ASD, including their poor perception and production of linguistic prosody.
Deficits in perception and production of vocal pitch are often observed in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the neural basis of these deficits is unknown. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), spectrally complex periodic sounds trigger two continuous neural responses—the auditory steady state response (ASSR) and the sustained field (SF). It has been shown that the SF in neurotypical individuals is associated with low-level analysis of pitch in the ‘pitch processing center’ of the Heschl’s gyrus. Therefore, alternations in this auditory response may reflect atypical processing of vocal pitch. The SF, however, has never been studied in people with ASD.
Methods
We used MEG and individual brain models to investigate the ASSR and SF evoked by monaural 40 Hz click trains in boys with ASD (N = 35) and neurotypical (NT) boys (N = 35) aged 7–12-years.
Results
In agreement with the previous research in adults, the cortical sources of the SF in children were located in the left and right Heschl’s gyri, anterolateral to those of the ASSR. In both groups, the SF and ASSR dominated in the right hemisphere and were higher in the hemisphere contralateral to the stimulated ear. The ASSR increased with age in both NT and ASD children and did not differ between the groups. The SF amplitude did not significantly change between the ages of 7 and 12 years. It was moderately attenuated in both hemispheres and was markedly delayed and displaced in the left hemisphere in boys with ASD. The SF delay in participants with ASD was present irrespective of their intelligence level and severity of autism symptoms.
Limitations
We did not test the language abilities of our participants. Therefore, the link between SF and processing of vocal pitch in children with ASD remains speculative.
Conclusion
Children with ASD demonstrate atypical processing of spectrally complex periodic sound at the level of the core auditory cortex of the left-hemisphere. The observed neural deficit may contribute to speech perception difficulties experienced by children with ASD, including their poor perception and production of linguistic prosody.
12.
Строганова, Т. А.; Комаров, К. С.; Гояева, Д. Э.; Обухова, Т. С.; Овсянникова, Т. М.; Прокофьев, А. О.; Орехова, Е. В. (2020). Влияние периодичности и гласности звука на ответы слуховой коры мозга детей. Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И. П. Павлова, 71(4), 563-577. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044467721040109
@article{nokey,
title = {Влияние периодичности и гласности звука на ответы слуховой коры мозга детей},
author = {Строганова, Т.А. and Комаров, К.С. and Гояева, Д.Э. and Обухова, Т.С. and Овсянникова, Т.М. and Прокофьев, А.О. and Орехова, Е.В.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.31857_S0044467721040109.pdf},
doi = {10.31857/S0044467721040109},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-22},
urldate = {2020-12-22},
journal = {Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И. П. Павлова},
volume = {71},
number = {4},
pages = {563-577},
publisher = {Российская академия наук},
abstract = {Механизмы мозга человека, направленные на декодирование звуков речи, представляют как фундаментальный, так и практический интерес для многих областей нейронауки. Настоящая работа посвящена роли периодичности и речевой природы (фиксированной формантной структуры) гласных звуков в модуляции активности слуховой коры мозга у типично развивающихся детей. Мы предположили, что, хотя обе этих характеристики свойственны гласным звукам речи, их обработка осуществляется разными нейронными сетями слуховой коры. Для проверки этой гипотезы мы сконструировали набор акустических стимулов, манипулируя их периодичностью и гласностью по отдельности, и использовали магнитоэнцефалографию в сочетании с индивидуальными моделями поверхности коры мозга для оценки кортикальной топографии источников и силы ответов слуховой коры мозга. Выборку составили девять типично развивающихся детей в возрасте 7–12 лет. Мы обнаружили высокую чувствительность ранних ответов слуховой коры (50–150 мс после начала стимула) как к периодичности, так и к гласности звука, при независимой настройке нейронных сетей на каждое из этих свойств звуков речи. Различия в локализации, временной динамике и полушарной асимметрии этих дифференциальных ответов указывали на то, что “зоны гласности звука” в височной коре являются наиболее ранним уровнем в иерархии обработки речевой информации, на котором обработка собственно акустических свойств периодического звука трансформируется в декодирование звуков речи. Полученные результаты позволят оценить специфику и роль возможных нарушений обработки низкоуровневых свойств речевых звуков в трудностях восприятия речи у детей с первазивными расстройствами развития.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Механизмы мозга человека, направленные на декодирование звуков речи, представляют как фундаментальный, так и практический интерес для многих областей нейронауки. Настоящая работа посвящена роли периодичности и речевой природы (фиксированной формантной структуры) гласных звуков в модуляции активности слуховой коры мозга у типично развивающихся детей. Мы предположили, что, хотя обе этих характеристики свойственны гласным звукам речи, их обработка осуществляется разными нейронными сетями слуховой коры. Для проверки этой гипотезы мы сконструировали набор акустических стимулов, манипулируя их периодичностью и гласностью по отдельности, и использовали магнитоэнцефалографию в сочетании с индивидуальными моделями поверхности коры мозга для оценки кортикальной топографии источников и силы ответов слуховой коры мозга. Выборку составили девять типично развивающихся детей в возрасте 7–12 лет. Мы обнаружили высокую чувствительность ранних ответов слуховой коры (50–150 мс после начала стимула) как к периодичности, так и к гласности звука, при независимой настройке нейронных сетей на каждое из этих свойств звуков речи. Различия в локализации, временной динамике и полушарной асимметрии этих дифференциальных ответов указывали на то, что “зоны гласности звука” в височной коре являются наиболее ранним уровнем в иерархии обработки речевой информации, на котором обработка собственно акустических свойств периодического звука трансформируется в декодирование звуков речи. Полученные результаты позволят оценить специфику и роль возможных нарушений обработки низкоуровневых свойств речевых звуков в трудностях восприятия речи у детей с первазивными расстройствами развития.
11.
Razorenova, Alexandra M.; Chernyshev, Boris V.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu; Butorina, Anna V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Tyulenev, Nikita B.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2020). Rapid Cortical Plasticity Induced by Active Associative Learning of Novel Words in Human Adults. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 895. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00895
@article{Razorenova2020b,
title = {Rapid Cortical Plasticity Induced by Active Associative Learning of Novel Words in Human Adults},
author = {Alexandra M. Razorenova and Boris V. Chernyshev and Anastasia Yu Nikolaeva and Anna V. Butorina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Nikita B. Tyulenev and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnins.2020.00895.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2020.00895},
issn = {1662-453X},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-11},
urldate = {2020-09-11},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
volume = {14},
pages = {895},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {Human speech requires that new words are routinely memorized, yet neurocognitive mechanisms of such acquisition of memory remain highly debatable. Major controversy concerns the question whether cortical plasticity related to word learning occurs in neocortical speech-related areas immediately after learning, or neocortical plasticity emerges only on the second day after a prolonged time required for consolidation after learning. The functional spatiotemporal pattern of cortical activity related to such learning also remains largely unknown. In order to address these questions, we examined magnetoencephalographic responses elicited in the cerebral cortex by passive presentations of eight novel pseudowords before and immediately after an operant conditioning task. This associative procedure forced participants to perform an active search for unique meaning of four pseudowords that referred to movements of left and right hands and feet. The other four pseudowords did not require any movement and thus were not associated with any meaning. Familiarization with novel pseudowords led to a bilateral repetition suppression of cortical responses to them; the effect started before or around the uniqueness point and lasted for more than 500 ms. After learning, response amplitude to pseudowords that acquired meaning was greater compared with response amplitude to pseudowords that were not assigned meaning; the effect was significant within 144–362 ms after the uniqueness point, and it was found only in the left hemisphere. Within this time interval, a learning-related selective response initially emerged in cortical areas surrounding the Sylvian fissure: anterior superior temporal sulcus, ventral premotor cortex, the anterior part of intraparietal sulcus and insula. Later within this interval, activation additionally spread to more anterior higher-tier brain regions, and reached the left temporal pole and the triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus extending to its orbital part. Altogether, current findings evidence rapid plastic changes in cortical representations of meaningful auditory word-forms occurring almost immediately after learning. Additionally, our results suggest that familiarization resulting from stimulus repetition and semantic acquisition resulting from an active learning procedure have separable effects on cortical activity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Human speech requires that new words are routinely memorized, yet neurocognitive mechanisms of such acquisition of memory remain highly debatable. Major controversy concerns the question whether cortical plasticity related to word learning occurs in neocortical speech-related areas immediately after learning, or neocortical plasticity emerges only on the second day after a prolonged time required for consolidation after learning. The functional spatiotemporal pattern of cortical activity related to such learning also remains largely unknown. In order to address these questions, we examined magnetoencephalographic responses elicited in the cerebral cortex by passive presentations of eight novel pseudowords before and immediately after an operant conditioning task. This associative procedure forced participants to perform an active search for unique meaning of four pseudowords that referred to movements of left and right hands and feet. The other four pseudowords did not require any movement and thus were not associated with any meaning. Familiarization with novel pseudowords led to a bilateral repetition suppression of cortical responses to them; the effect started before or around the uniqueness point and lasted for more than 500 ms. After learning, response amplitude to pseudowords that acquired meaning was greater compared with response amplitude to pseudowords that were not assigned meaning; the effect was significant within 144–362 ms after the uniqueness point, and it was found only in the left hemisphere. Within this time interval, a learning-related selective response initially emerged in cortical areas surrounding the Sylvian fissure: anterior superior temporal sulcus, ventral premotor cortex, the anterior part of intraparietal sulcus and insula. Later within this interval, activation additionally spread to more anterior higher-tier brain regions, and reached the left temporal pole and the triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus extending to its orbital part. Altogether, current findings evidence rapid plastic changes in cortical representations of meaningful auditory word-forms occurring almost immediately after learning. Additionally, our results suggest that familiarization resulting from stimulus repetition and semantic acquisition resulting from an active learning procedure have separable effects on cortical activity.
10.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Rostovtseva, Ekaterina N.; Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Prokofiev, Andrey O.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2020). Spatial suppression in visual motion perception is driven by inhibition: Evidence from MEG gamma oscillations. NeuroImage, 213, 116753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116753
@article{Orekhova2020,
title = {Spatial suppression in visual motion perception is driven by inhibition: Evidence from MEG gamma oscillations},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Ekaterina N. Rostovtseva and Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Andrey O. Prokofiev and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Justin F. Schneiderman and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1016_j.neuroimage.2020.116753.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116753},
issn = {1053-8119},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-06-00},
urldate = {2020-06-00},
journal = {NeuroImage},
volume = {213},
pages = {116753},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Spatial suppression (SS) is a visual perceptual phenomenon that is manifest in a reduction of directional sensitivity for drifting high-contrast gratings whose size exceeds the center of the visual field. Gratings moving at faster velocities induce stronger SS. The neural processes that give rise to such size- and velocity-dependent reductions in directional sensitivity are currently unknown, and the role of surround inhibition is unclear. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), large high-contrast drifting gratings induce a strong gamma response (GR), which also attenuates with an increase in the gratings’ velocity. It has been suggested that the slope of this GR attenuation is mediated by inhibitory interactions in the primary visual cortex. Herein, we investigate whether SS is related to this inhibitory-based MEG measure. We evaluated SS and GR in two independent samples of participants: school-age boys and adult women. The slope of GR attenuation predicted inter-individual differences in SS in both samples. Test-retest reliability of the neuro-behavioral correlation was assessed in the adults, and was high between two sessions separated by several days or weeks. Neither frequencies nor absolute amplitudes of the GRs correlated with SS, which highlights the functional relevance of velocity-related changes in GR magnitude caused by augmentation of incoming input. Our findings provide evidence that links the psychophysical phenomenon of SS to inhibitory-based neural responses in the human primary visual cortex. This supports the role of inhibitory interactions as an important underlying mechanism for spatial suppression.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Spatial suppression (SS) is a visual perceptual phenomenon that is manifest in a reduction of directional sensitivity for drifting high-contrast gratings whose size exceeds the center of the visual field. Gratings moving at faster velocities induce stronger SS. The neural processes that give rise to such size- and velocity-dependent reductions in directional sensitivity are currently unknown, and the role of surround inhibition is unclear. In magnetoencephalogram (MEG), large high-contrast drifting gratings induce a strong gamma response (GR), which also attenuates with an increase in the gratings’ velocity. It has been suggested that the slope of this GR attenuation is mediated by inhibitory interactions in the primary visual cortex. Herein, we investigate whether SS is related to this inhibitory-based MEG measure. We evaluated SS and GR in two independent samples of participants: school-age boys and adult women. The slope of GR attenuation predicted inter-individual differences in SS in both samples. Test-retest reliability of the neuro-behavioral correlation was assessed in the adults, and was high between two sessions separated by several days or weeks. Neither frequencies nor absolute amplitudes of the GRs correlated with SS, which highlights the functional relevance of velocity-related changes in GR magnitude caused by augmentation of incoming input. Our findings provide evidence that links the psychophysical phenomenon of SS to inhibitory-based neural responses in the human primary visual cortex. This supports the role of inhibitory interactions as an important underlying mechanism for spatial suppression.
9.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2020). Additive effect of contrast and velocity suggests the role of strong excitatory drive in suppression of visual gamma response. PLoS ONE, 15(2), e0228937. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228937
@article{Orekhova2020b,
title = {Additive effect of contrast and velocity suggests the role of strong excitatory drive in suppression of visual gamma response},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Justin F. Schneiderman and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
editor = {César Rennó‐Costa},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1371_journal.pone.0228937.pdf},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0228937},
issn = {1932-6203},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-13},
urldate = {2020-02-13},
journal = {PLoS ONE},
volume = {15},
number = {2},
pages = {e0228937},
publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
abstract = {It is commonly acknowledged that gamma-band oscillations arise from interplay between neural excitation and inhibition; however, the neural mechanisms controlling the power of stimulus-induced gamma responses (GR) in the human brain remain poorly understood. A moderate increase in velocity of drifting gratings results in GR power enhancement, while increasing the velocity beyond some ‘transition point’ leads to GR power attenuation. We tested two alternative explanations for this nonlinear input-output dependency in the GR power. First, the GR power can be maximal at the preferable velocity/temporal frequency of motion-sensitive V1 neurons. This ‘velocity tuning’ hypothesis predicts that lowering contrast either will not affect the transition point or shift it to a lower velocity. Second, the GR power attenuation at high velocities of visual motion can be caused by changes in excitation/inhibition balance with increasing excitatory drive. Since contrast and velocity both add to excitatory drive, this ‘excitatory drive’ hypothesis predicts that the ‘transition point’ for low-contrast gratings would be reached at a higher velocity, as compared to high-contrast gratings. To test these alternatives, we recorded magnetoencephalography during presentation of low (50%) and high (100%) contrast gratings drifting at four velocities. We found that lowering contrast led to a highly reliable shift of the GR suppression transition point to higher velocities, thus supporting the excitatory drive hypothesis. No effects of contrast or velocity were found in the alpha-beta range. The results have implications for understanding the mechanisms of gamma oscillations and developing gamma-based biomarkers of disturbed excitation/inhibition balance in brain disorders.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
It is commonly acknowledged that gamma-band oscillations arise from interplay between neural excitation and inhibition; however, the neural mechanisms controlling the power of stimulus-induced gamma responses (GR) in the human brain remain poorly understood. A moderate increase in velocity of drifting gratings results in GR power enhancement, while increasing the velocity beyond some ‘transition point’ leads to GR power attenuation. We tested two alternative explanations for this nonlinear input-output dependency in the GR power. First, the GR power can be maximal at the preferable velocity/temporal frequency of motion-sensitive V1 neurons. This ‘velocity tuning’ hypothesis predicts that lowering contrast either will not affect the transition point or shift it to a lower velocity. Second, the GR power attenuation at high velocities of visual motion can be caused by changes in excitation/inhibition balance with increasing excitatory drive. Since contrast and velocity both add to excitatory drive, this ‘excitatory drive’ hypothesis predicts that the ‘transition point’ for low-contrast gratings would be reached at a higher velocity, as compared to high-contrast gratings. To test these alternatives, we recorded magnetoencephalography during presentation of low (50%) and high (100%) contrast gratings drifting at four velocities. We found that lowering contrast led to a highly reliable shift of the GR suppression transition point to higher velocities, thus supporting the excitatory drive hypothesis. No effects of contrast or velocity were found in the alpha-beta range. The results have implications for understanding the mechanisms of gamma oscillations and developing gamma-based biomarkers of disturbed excitation/inhibition balance in brain disorders.
2019
8.
Pavlova, Anna A.; Butorina, Anna V.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Y.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Ulanov, Maxim A.; Bondarev, Denis P.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2019). Effortful verb retrieval from semantic memory drives beta suppression in mesial frontal regions involved in action initiation. Human Brain Mapping, 40(12), 3669-3681. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.24624
@article{Pavlova2019b,
title = {Effortful verb retrieval from semantic memory drives beta suppression in mesial frontal regions involved in action initiation},
author = {Anna A. Pavlova and Anna V. Butorina and Anastasia Y. Nikolaeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Maxim A. Ulanov and Denis P. Bondarev and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hbm.24624},
doi = {10.1002/hbm.24624},
issn = {1097-0193},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-08-15},
urldate = {2019-08-15},
journal = {Human Brain Mapping},
volume = {40},
number = {12},
pages = {3669-3681},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {The contribution of the motor cortex to the semantic retrieval of verbs remains a subject of debate in neuroscience. Here, we examined whether additional engagement of the cortical motor system was required when access to verbs semantics was hindered during a verb generation task. We asked participants to produce verbs related to presented noun cues that were either strongly associated with a single verb to prompt fast and effortless verb retrieval, or were weakly associated with multiple verbs and more difficult to respond to. Using power suppression of magnetoencephalography beta oscillations (15–30 Hz) as an index of cortical activation, we performed a whole‐brain analysis in order to identify the cortical regions sensitive to the difficulty of verb semantic retrieval. Highly reliable suppression of beta oscillations occurred 250 ms after the noun cue presentation and was sustained until the onset of verbal response. This was localized to multiple cortical regions, mainly in the temporal and frontal lobes of the left hemisphere. Crucially, the only cortical regions where beta suppression was sensitive to the task difficulty, were the higher order motor areas on the medial and lateral surfaces of the frontal lobe. Stronger activation of the premotor cortex and supplementary motor area accompanied the effortful verb retrieval and preceded the preparation of verbal responses for more than 500 ms, thus, overlapping with the time window of verb retrieval from semantic memory. Our results suggest that reactivation of verb‐related motor plans in higher order motor circuitry promotes the semantic retrieval of target verbs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The contribution of the motor cortex to the semantic retrieval of verbs remains a subject of debate in neuroscience. Here, we examined whether additional engagement of the cortical motor system was required when access to verbs semantics was hindered during a verb generation task. We asked participants to produce verbs related to presented noun cues that were either strongly associated with a single verb to prompt fast and effortless verb retrieval, or were weakly associated with multiple verbs and more difficult to respond to. Using power suppression of magnetoencephalography beta oscillations (15–30 Hz) as an index of cortical activation, we performed a whole‐brain analysis in order to identify the cortical regions sensitive to the difficulty of verb semantic retrieval. Highly reliable suppression of beta oscillations occurred 250 ms after the noun cue presentation and was sustained until the onset of verbal response. This was localized to multiple cortical regions, mainly in the temporal and frontal lobes of the left hemisphere. Crucially, the only cortical regions where beta suppression was sensitive to the task difficulty, were the higher order motor areas on the medial and lateral surfaces of the frontal lobe. Stronger activation of the premotor cortex and supplementary motor area accompanied the effortful verb retrieval and preceded the preparation of verbal responses for more than 500 ms, thus, overlapping with the time window of verb retrieval from semantic memory. Our results suggest that reactivation of verb‐related motor plans in higher order motor circuitry promotes the semantic retrieval of target verbs.
2018
7.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Sysoeva, Olga V.; Schneiderman, Justin F.; Lundström, Sebastian; Galuta, Ilia A.; Goiaeva, Dzerasa E.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Riaz, Bushra; Keeler, Courtney; Hadjikhani, Nouchine; Gillberg, Christopher; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2018). Input-dependent modulation of MEG gamma oscillations reflects gain control in the visual cortex. Scientific reports, 8(1), 8451. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-26779-6
@article{Orekhova2018c,
title = {Input-dependent modulation of MEG gamma oscillations reflects gain control in the visual cortex},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Olga V. Sysoeva and Justin F. Schneiderman and Sebastian Lundström and Ilia A. Galuta and Dzerasa E. Goiaeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Bushra Riaz and Courtney Keeler and Nouchine Hadjikhani and Christopher Gillberg and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1038_s41598-018-26779-6.pdf},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-018-26779-6},
issn = {2045-2322},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-05-31},
urldate = {2018-05-31},
journal = {Scientific reports},
volume = {8},
number = {1},
pages = {8451},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Gamma-band oscillations arise from the interplay between neural excitation (E) and inhibition (I) and may provide a non-invasive window into the state of cortical circuitry. A bell-shaped modulation of gamma response power by increasing the intensity of sensory input was observed in animals and is thought to reflect neural gain control. Here we sought to find a similar input-output relationship in humans with MEG via modulating the intensity of a visual stimulation by changing the velocity/temporal-frequency of visual motion. In the first experiment, adult participants observed static and moving gratings. The frequency of the MEG gamma response monotonically increased with motion velocity whereas power followed a bell-shape. In the second experiment, on a large group of children and adults, we found that despite drastic developmental changes in frequency and power of gamma oscillations, the relative suppression at high motion velocities was scaled to the same range of values across the life-span. In light of animal and modeling studies, the modulation of gamma power and frequency at high stimulation intensities characterizes the capacity of inhibitory neurons to counterbalance increasing excitation in visual networks. Gamma suppression may thus provide a non-invasive measure of inhibitory-based gain control in the healthy and diseased brain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gamma-band oscillations arise from the interplay between neural excitation (E) and inhibition (I) and may provide a non-invasive window into the state of cortical circuitry. A bell-shaped modulation of gamma response power by increasing the intensity of sensory input was observed in animals and is thought to reflect neural gain control. Here we sought to find a similar input-output relationship in humans with MEG via modulating the intensity of a visual stimulation by changing the velocity/temporal-frequency of visual motion. In the first experiment, adult participants observed static and moving gratings. The frequency of the MEG gamma response monotonically increased with motion velocity whereas power followed a bell-shape. In the second experiment, on a large group of children and adults, we found that despite drastic developmental changes in frequency and power of gamma oscillations, the relative suppression at high motion velocities was scaled to the same range of values across the life-span. In light of animal and modeling studies, the modulation of gamma power and frequency at high stimulation intensities characterizes the capacity of inhibitory neurons to counterbalance increasing excitation in visual networks. Gamma suppression may thus provide a non-invasive measure of inhibitory-based gain control in the healthy and diseased brain.
2017
6.
Pavlova, Anna A.; Butorina, Anna V.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Y.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Ulanov, Maxim A.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2017). Not all reading is alike: task modulation of magnetic evoked response to visual word. Psychology in Russia: State of the art, 10(3), 190-205. https://doi.org/10.11621/pir.2017.0313
@article{nokey,
title = {Not all reading is alike: task modulation of magnetic evoked response to visual word},
author = {Pavlova, Anna A. and Butorina, Anna V. and Nikolaeva, Anastasia Y. and Prokofyev, Andrey O. and Ulanov, Maxim A. and Stroganova, Tatiana A.},
doi = {10.11621/pir.2017.0313},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-12-00},
journal = {Psychology in Russia: State of the art},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {190-205},
publisher = {Russian Psychology Society},
abstract = {Background.
Previous studies have shown that brain response to a written word depends on the task: whether the word is a target in a version of lexical decision task or should be read silently. Although this effect has been interpreted as an evidence for an interaction between word recognition processes and task demands, it also may be caused by greater attention allocation to the target word.
Objective.
We aimed to examine the task effect on brain response evoked by non-target written words.
Design.
Using MEG and magnetic source imaging, we compared spatial-temporal pattern of brain response elicited by a noun cue when it was read silently either without additional task (SR) or with a requirement to produce an associated verb (VG).
Results.
The task demands penetrated into early (200-300 ms) and late (500-800 ms) stages of a word processing by enhancing brain response under VG versus SR condition. The cortical sources of the early response were localized to bilateral inferior occipitotem-poral and anterior temporal cortex suggesting that more demanding VG task required elaborated lexical-semantic analysis. The late effect was observed in the associative auditory areas in middle and superior temporal gyri and in motor representation of articulators. Our results suggest that a remote goal plays a pivotal role in enhanced recruitment of cortical structures underlying orthographic, semantic and sensorimotor dimensions of written word perception from the early processing stages. Surprisingly, we found that to full a more challenging goal the brain progressively engaged resources of the right hemisphere throughout all stages of silent reading. Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that a deeper processing of linguistic input amplies activation of brain areas involved in integration of speech perception and pro-duction. This is consistent with theories that emphasize the role of sensorimotor integration in speech understanding.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background.
Previous studies have shown that brain response to a written word depends on the task: whether the word is a target in a version of lexical decision task or should be read silently. Although this effect has been interpreted as an evidence for an interaction between word recognition processes and task demands, it also may be caused by greater attention allocation to the target word.
Objective.
We aimed to examine the task effect on brain response evoked by non-target written words.
Design.
Using MEG and magnetic source imaging, we compared spatial-temporal pattern of brain response elicited by a noun cue when it was read silently either without additional task (SR) or with a requirement to produce an associated verb (VG).
Results.
The task demands penetrated into early (200-300 ms) and late (500-800 ms) stages of a word processing by enhancing brain response under VG versus SR condition. The cortical sources of the early response were localized to bilateral inferior occipitotem-poral and anterior temporal cortex suggesting that more demanding VG task required elaborated lexical-semantic analysis. The late effect was observed in the associative auditory areas in middle and superior temporal gyri and in motor representation of articulators. Our results suggest that a remote goal plays a pivotal role in enhanced recruitment of cortical structures underlying orthographic, semantic and sensorimotor dimensions of written word perception from the early processing stages. Surprisingly, we found that to full a more challenging goal the brain progressively engaged resources of the right hemisphere throughout all stages of silent reading. Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that a deeper processing of linguistic input amplies activation of brain areas involved in integration of speech perception and pro-duction. This is consistent with theories that emphasize the role of sensorimotor integration in speech understanding.
Previous studies have shown that brain response to a written word depends on the task: whether the word is a target in a version of lexical decision task or should be read silently. Although this effect has been interpreted as an evidence for an interaction between word recognition processes and task demands, it also may be caused by greater attention allocation to the target word.
Objective.
We aimed to examine the task effect on brain response evoked by non-target written words.
Design.
Using MEG and magnetic source imaging, we compared spatial-temporal pattern of brain response elicited by a noun cue when it was read silently either without additional task (SR) or with a requirement to produce an associated verb (VG).
Results.
The task demands penetrated into early (200-300 ms) and late (500-800 ms) stages of a word processing by enhancing brain response under VG versus SR condition. The cortical sources of the early response were localized to bilateral inferior occipitotem-poral and anterior temporal cortex suggesting that more demanding VG task required elaborated lexical-semantic analysis. The late effect was observed in the associative auditory areas in middle and superior temporal gyri and in motor representation of articulators. Our results suggest that a remote goal plays a pivotal role in enhanced recruitment of cortical structures underlying orthographic, semantic and sensorimotor dimensions of written word perception from the early processing stages. Surprisingly, we found that to full a more challenging goal the brain progressively engaged resources of the right hemisphere throughout all stages of silent reading. Conclusion. Our study demonstrates that a deeper processing of linguistic input amplies activation of brain areas involved in integration of speech perception and pro-duction. This is consistent with theories that emphasize the role of sensorimotor integration in speech understanding.
5.
Butorina, Anna V.; Pavlova, Anna A.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Y.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Bondarev, Denis P.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2017). Simultaneous Processing of Noun Cue and to-be-Produced Verb in Verb Generation Task: Electromagnetic Evidence. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11, 279. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2017.00279
@article{Butorina2017,
title = {Simultaneous Processing of Noun Cue and to-be-Produced Verb in Verb Generation Task: Electromagnetic Evidence},
author = {Anna V. Butorina and Anna A. Pavlova and Anastasia Y. Nikolaeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Denis P. Bondarev and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnhum.2017.00279.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2017.00279},
issn = {1662-5161},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-05-30},
urldate = {2017-05-30},
journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience},
volume = {11},
pages = {279},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {A long-standing but implicit assumption is that words strongly associated with a presented cue are automatically activated in the memory through rapid spread of activation within brain semantic networks. The current study was aimed to provide direct evidence of such rapid access to words’ semantic representations and to investigate its neural sources using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and distributed source localization technique. Thirty-three neurotypical subjects underwent the MEG recording during verb generation task, which was to produce verbs related to the presented noun cues. Brain responses evoked by the noun cues were examined while manipulating the strength of association between the noun and the potential verb responses. The strong vs. weak noun-verb association led to a greater noun-related neural response at 250–400 ms after cue onset, and faster verb production. The cortical sources of the differential response were localized in left temporal pole, previously implicated in semantic access, and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), thought to subserve controlled semantic retrieval. The strength of the left VLPFC’s response to the nouns with strong verb associates was positively correlated to the speed of verbs production. Our findings empirically validate the theoretical expectation that in case of a strongly connected noun-verb pair, successful access to target verb representation may occur already at the stage of lexico-semantic analysis of the presented noun. Moreover, the MEG results suggest that contrary to the previous conclusion derived from fMRI studies left VLPFC supports selection of the target verb representations, even if they were retrieved from semantic memory rapidly and effortlessly. The discordance between MEG and fMRI findings in verb generation task may stem from different modes of neural activation captured by phase-locked activity in MEG and slow changes of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal in fMRI.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A long-standing but implicit assumption is that words strongly associated with a presented cue are automatically activated in the memory through rapid spread of activation within brain semantic networks. The current study was aimed to provide direct evidence of such rapid access to words’ semantic representations and to investigate its neural sources using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and distributed source localization technique. Thirty-three neurotypical subjects underwent the MEG recording during verb generation task, which was to produce verbs related to the presented noun cues. Brain responses evoked by the noun cues were examined while manipulating the strength of association between the noun and the potential verb responses. The strong vs. weak noun-verb association led to a greater noun-related neural response at 250–400 ms after cue onset, and faster verb production. The cortical sources of the differential response were localized in left temporal pole, previously implicated in semantic access, and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), thought to subserve controlled semantic retrieval. The strength of the left VLPFC’s response to the nouns with strong verb associates was positively correlated to the speed of verbs production. Our findings empirically validate the theoretical expectation that in case of a strongly connected noun-verb pair, successful access to target verb representation may occur already at the stage of lexico-semantic analysis of the presented noun. Moreover, the MEG results suggest that contrary to the previous conclusion derived from fMRI studies left VLPFC supports selection of the target verb representations, even if they were retrieved from semantic memory rapidly and effortlessly. The discordance between MEG and fMRI findings in verb generation task may stem from different modes of neural activation captured by phase-locked activity in MEG and slow changes of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal in fMRI.
2016
4.
Vvedensky, Victor L.; Prokofyev, Andrey O. (2016). Timing of Cortical Events Preceding Voluntary Movement. Neural Computation, 28(2), 286-304. https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00802
@article{Vvedensky2016,
title = {Timing of Cortical Events Preceding Voluntary Movement},
author = {Victor L. Vvedensky and Andrey O. Prokofyev},
doi = {10.1162/neco_a_00802},
issn = {1530-888X},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-02-00},
urldate = {2016-02-00},
journal = {Neural Computation},
volume = {28},
number = {2},
pages = {286-304},
publisher = {MIT Press - Journals},
abstract = {We studied magnetic signals from the human brain recorded during a second before a self-paced finger movement. Sharp triangular peaks were observed in the averaged signals about 0.7 second before the finger movement. The amplitude of the peaks varied considerably from trial to trial, which indicated that the peaks were concurrent with much longer oscillatory processes. One can cluster trials into distinct groups with characteristic sequences of events. Prominent short trains of pulses in the beta frequency band were identified in the premovement period. This observation suggests that during preparation of the intended movement, cortical activity is well organized in time but differs from trial to trial. Magnetoencephalography can capture these processes with high temporal resolution and allows their study in fine detail.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We studied magnetic signals from the human brain recorded during a second before a self-paced finger movement. Sharp triangular peaks were observed in the averaged signals about 0.7 second before the finger movement. The amplitude of the peaks varied considerably from trial to trial, which indicated that the peaks were concurrent with much longer oscillatory processes. One can cluster trials into distinct groups with characteristic sequences of events. Prominent short trains of pulses in the beta frequency band were identified in the premovement period. This observation suggests that during preparation of the intended movement, cortical activity is well organized in time but differs from trial to trial. Magnetoencephalography can capture these processes with high temporal resolution and allows their study in fine detail.
2015
3.
Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Butorina, Anna V.; Sysoeva, Olga V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Tsetlin, Marina M.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2015). Altered modulation of gamma oscillation frequency by speed of visual motion in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 7(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-015-9121-x
@article{Stroganova2015,
title = {Altered modulation of gamma oscillation frequency by speed of visual motion in children with autism spectrum disorders},
author = {Tatiana A. Stroganova and Anna V. Butorina and Olga V. Sysoeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Marina M. Tsetlin and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s11689-015-9121-x.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s11689-015-9121-x},
issn = {1866-1955},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-00},
urldate = {2015-12-00},
journal = {Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {21},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.
Recent studies link autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with an altered balance between excitation and inhibition (E/I balance) in cortical networks. The brain oscillations in high gamma-band (50–120 Hz) are sensitive to the E/I balance and may appear useful biomarkers of certain ASD subtypes. The frequency of gamma oscillations is mediated by level of excitation of the fast-spiking inhibitory basket cells recruited by increasing strength of excitatory input. Therefore, the experimental manipulations affecting gamma frequency may throw light on inhibitory networks dysfunction in ASD.
Methods
Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate modulation of visual gamma oscillation frequency by speed of drifting annular gratings (1.2, 3.6, 6.0 °/s) in 21 boys with ASD and 26 typically developing boys aged 7–15 years. Multitaper method was used for analysis of spectra of gamma power change upon stimulus presentation and permutation test was applied for statistical comparisons. We also assessed in our participants visual orientation discrimination thresholds, which are thought to depend on excitability of inhibitory networks in the visual cortex.
Results
Although frequency of the oscillatory gamma response increased with increasing velocity of visual motion in both groups of participants, the velocity effect was reduced in a substantial proportion of children with ASD. The range of velocity-related gamma frequency modulation correlated inversely with the ability to discriminate oblique line orientation in the ASD group, while no such correlation has been observed in the group of typically developing participants.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that abnormal velocity-related gamma frequency modulation in ASD may constitute a potential biomarker for reduced excitability of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in a subset of children with ASD.
2.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Butorina, Anna V.; Sysoeva, Olga V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Nikolaeva, Anastasia Yu.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2015). Frequency of gamma oscillations in humans is modulated by velocity of visual motion. Journal of Neurophysiology, 114(1), 244-255. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00232.2015
@article{Orekhova2015,
title = {Frequency of gamma oscillations in humans is modulated by velocity of visual motion},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Anna V. Butorina and Olga V. Sysoeva and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anastasia Yu. Nikolaeva and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1152_jn.00232.2015.pdf},
doi = {10.1152/jn.00232.2015},
issn = {1522-1598},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-07-00},
urldate = {2015-07-00},
journal = {Journal of Neurophysiology},
volume = {114},
number = {1},
pages = {244-255},
publisher = {American Physiological Society},
abstract = {Gamma oscillations are generated in networks of inhibitory fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons and pyramidal cells. In animals, gamma frequency is modulated by the velocity of visual motion; the effect of velocity has not been evaluated in humans. In this work, we have studied velocity-related modulations of gamma frequency in children using MEG/EEG. We also investigated whether such modulations predict the prominence of the "spatial suppression" effect (Tadin D, Lappin JS, Gilroy LA, Blake R. Nature 424: 312-315, 2003) that is thought to depend on cortical center-surround inhibitory mechanisms. MEG/EEG was recorded in 27 normal boys aged 8-15 yr while they watched high-contrast black-and-white annular gratings drifting with velocities of 1.2, 3.6, and 6.0°/s and performed a simple detection task. The spatial suppression effect was assessed in a separate psychophysical experiment. MEG gamma oscillation frequency increased while power decreased with increasing velocity of visual motion. In EEG, the effects were less reliable. The frequencies of the velocity-specific gamma peaks were 64.9, 74.8, and 87.1 Hz for the slow, medium, and fast motions, respectively. The frequency of the gamma response elicited during slow and medium velocity of visual motion decreased with subject age, whereas the range of gamma frequency modulation by velocity increased with age. The frequency modulation range predicted spatial suppression even after controlling for the effect of age. We suggest that the modulation of the MEG gamma frequency by velocity of visual motion reflects excitability of cortical inhibitory circuits and can be used to investigate their normal and pathological development in the human brain.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gamma oscillations are generated in networks of inhibitory fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons and pyramidal cells. In animals, gamma frequency is modulated by the velocity of visual motion; the effect of velocity has not been evaluated in humans. In this work, we have studied velocity-related modulations of gamma frequency in children using MEG/EEG. We also investigated whether such modulations predict the prominence of the "spatial suppression" effect (Tadin D, Lappin JS, Gilroy LA, Blake R. Nature 424: 312-315, 2003) that is thought to depend on cortical center-surround inhibitory mechanisms. MEG/EEG was recorded in 27 normal boys aged 8-15 yr while they watched high-contrast black-and-white annular gratings drifting with velocities of 1.2, 3.6, and 6.0°/s and performed a simple detection task. The spatial suppression effect was assessed in a separate psychophysical experiment. MEG gamma oscillation frequency increased while power decreased with increasing velocity of visual motion. In EEG, the effects were less reliable. The frequencies of the velocity-specific gamma peaks were 64.9, 74.8, and 87.1 Hz for the slow, medium, and fast motions, respectively. The frequency of the gamma response elicited during slow and medium velocity of visual motion decreased with subject age, whereas the range of gamma frequency modulation by velocity increased with age. The frequency modulation range predicted spatial suppression even after controlling for the effect of age. We suggest that the modulation of the MEG gamma frequency by velocity of visual motion reflects excitability of cortical inhibitory circuits and can be used to investigate their normal and pathological development in the human brain.
1.
Nikolaeva, A. Y.; Butorina, A. V.; Prokofyev, A. O.; Stroganova, T. A. (2015). [Lateralized brain language semantic network demonstrated by word repetition suppression effect in MEG]. Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova, 65, 82-91.
@article{nokey,
title = {[Lateralized brain language semantic network demonstrated by word repetition suppression effect in MEG]},
author = {Nikolaeva, A.Y. and Butorina, A.V. and Prokofyev, A.O. and Stroganova, T.A.},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-00},
urldate = {2015-01-00},
journal = {Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova},
volume = {65},
pages = {82-91},
abstract = {We studied auditory word repetition suppression effect using magnetoencephalography while subjects listened to "new" and "old" words whose familiarity they had to judge upon presentation. The lateralization of brain magnetic activity during processing of "new" and "old" words were estimated by computing RMS measure of whole-brain magnetic response within time window of semantic N400 (350-450 ms). A magnetic N400 was significantly stronger in the left than in the right hemisphere for the "new" words only. Repetition of "new" words led to sharp decrease of N400 response RMS in the left hemisphere but did not change right-hemispheric N400 RMS. The asymmetry index of this repetition suppression effect was lateralized to the left hemisphere for the majority of the participants and its magnitude was related to memory task performance. The findings point to a strong left-hemispheric dominance of word repetition suppression effect within the brain semantic networks at the level of whole-network response.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We studied auditory word repetition suppression effect using magnetoencephalography while subjects listened to "new" and "old" words whose familiarity they had to judge upon presentation. The lateralization of brain magnetic activity during processing of "new" and "old" words were estimated by computing RMS measure of whole-brain magnetic response within time window of semantic N400 (350-450 ms). A magnetic N400 was significantly stronger in the left than in the right hemisphere for the "new" words only. Repetition of "new" words led to sharp decrease of N400 response RMS in the left hemisphere but did not change right-hemispheric N400 RMS. The asymmetry index of this repetition suppression effect was lateralized to the left hemisphere for the majority of the participants and its magnitude was related to memory task performance. The findings point to a strong left-hemispheric dominance of word repetition suppression effect within the brain semantic networks at the level of whole-network response.