2025
127.
Pultsina, Kristina I.; Kozunova, Galina L.; Chernyshev, Boris V.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Tretyakova, Vera D.; Novikov, Artem Y.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2025). Neural adaptation to expected uncertainty in neurotypical adults and high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-025-01375-0
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Pultsina2025,
title = {Neural adaptation to expected uncertainty in neurotypical adults and high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder},
author = {Kristina I. Pultsina and Galina L. Kozunova and Boris V. Chernyshev and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Vera D. Tretyakova and Artem Y. Novikov and Anna M. Rytikova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.03.30.646160v2},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-025-01375-0},
issn = {1531-135X},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-12-10},
urldate = {2025-12-10},
journal = {Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {The ability to adjust brain resources to manage expected uncertainty is hypothesized to be impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the evidence remains limited. To investigate this, we studied 29 neurotypical (NT) and 29 high-functioning adults with ASD performing a probabilistic two-alternative value-based task while undergoing magnetoencephalography (MEG) and pupillometry. The task comprised five sequential blocks with stable reward probabilities (70%:30%), but varying stimulus pairs and reward values, enabling assessment of behavioral and neural adaptation to expected uncertainty. We analyzed a hit rate of advantageous choices, response times, and computational measures of prior belief strength and precision. To examine cortical activation during decision-making, we used MEG source reconstruction to quantify α-β oscillation suppression in decision-relevant cortical regions within the predecision time window. Linear mixed models assessed trial-by-trial effects. Behaviorally, ASD participants exhibited lower overall belief precision but intact probabilistic rule generalization, showing gradual performance improvement and strengthening of prior beliefs across blocks. However, unlike NT individuals, they did not show progressive downscaling of neural activation during decision-making or reduction in neural response to feedback signals as performance improved. Furthermore, on a trial-by-trial basis, increased belief precision in ASD was not associated with reduced cortical activation, a pattern observed in NT individuals. These findings suggest an atypically rigid and enhanced allocation of neural resources to advantageous decisions in individuals with ASD, although they, as NT individuals, rationally judge such decisions as optimal. This pattern may reflect an aversive response to the irreducible uncertainty inherent in probabilistic decision-making.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The ability to adjust brain resources to manage expected uncertainty is hypothesized to be impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), although the evidence remains limited. To investigate this, we studied 29 neurotypical (NT) and 29 high-functioning adults with ASD performing a probabilistic two-alternative value-based task while undergoing magnetoencephalography (MEG) and pupillometry. The task comprised five sequential blocks with stable reward probabilities (70%:30%), but varying stimulus pairs and reward values, enabling assessment of behavioral and neural adaptation to expected uncertainty. We analyzed a hit rate of advantageous choices, response times, and computational measures of prior belief strength and precision. To examine cortical activation during decision-making, we used MEG source reconstruction to quantify α-β oscillation suppression in decision-relevant cortical regions within the predecision time window. Linear mixed models assessed trial-by-trial effects. Behaviorally, ASD participants exhibited lower overall belief precision but intact probabilistic rule generalization, showing gradual performance improvement and strengthening of prior beliefs across blocks. However, unlike NT individuals, they did not show progressive downscaling of neural activation during decision-making or reduction in neural response to feedback signals as performance improved. Furthermore, on a trial-by-trial basis, increased belief precision in ASD was not associated with reduced cortical activation, a pattern observed in NT individuals. These findings suggest an atypically rigid and enhanced allocation of neural resources to advantageous decisions in individuals with ASD, although they, as NT individuals, rationally judge such decisions as optimal. This pattern may reflect an aversive response to the irreducible uncertainty inherent in probabilistic decision-making.
126.
Chernyshev, Boris V.; Pozniak, Larisa A.; Pultsina, Kristina I.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Kruychkova, Anna G.; Ushakov, Vadim L. (2025). Theta power increases during intermodal configural learning: A possible mechanism for establishing network communication during stimulus encoding and feature binding. Cognitive Systems Research, 94(101415). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101415
@article{Chernyshev2025,
title = {Theta power increases during intermodal configural learning: A possible mechanism for establishing network communication during stimulus encoding and feature binding},
author = {Boris V. Chernyshev and Larisa A. Pozniak and Kristina I. Pultsina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anna G. Kruychkova and Vadim L. Ushakov},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1016_j.cogsys.2025.101415.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101415},
issn = {1389-0417},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-12-00},
urldate = {2025-12-00},
journal = {Cognitive Systems Research},
volume = {94},
number = {101415},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Configurations are gestalt-like conjunctions of stimuli or stimulus features leading to holistic perception. The current study in humans investigated configural threat learning with bimodal visual-auditory conjunctions. The associative learning task involved classical discriminative conditioning with elemental visual (V), elemental auditory (A) and complex bimodal audiovisual (AV) stimuli, some of which were reinforced and some not. We focused on early theta oscillations (4–7 Hz) evoked by stimuli, and we used data-driven approach to magnetoencephalographic data recorded during participants’ performance on the task. We observed a robust increase in theta-band power in response to reinforced configural audiovisual stimuli (AV+), compared either to non-reinforced audiovisual stimuli (AV−) or to reinforced elemental stimuli (A+ or V+). Notably, the effect in response to the configural stimulus exhibited non-additive properties, indicating emergent integrative processing that extends beyond a simple superposition of its elements. Source localization revealed a distributed network of higher-order associative brain regions specifically engaged during configural learning, including the parahippocampal complex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex – areas traditionally associated with learning and memory. Significant theta power increases were also observed in the inferior parietal cortex and temporoparietal junction, as well as in the lateral and inferior temporal cortices. These regions, known for their roles in multimodal integration and higher-order cognition, are implicated in relational processing, attentional modulation, and object categorization. Together, these findings underscore the role of theta synchronization in binding complex sensory inputs into unified, higher-level representations during configural learning in humans. We interpret these results in terms of hippocampal-cortical communication and concept formation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Configurations are gestalt-like conjunctions of stimuli or stimulus features leading to holistic perception. The current study in humans investigated configural threat learning with bimodal visual-auditory conjunctions. The associative learning task involved classical discriminative conditioning with elemental visual (V), elemental auditory (A) and complex bimodal audiovisual (AV) stimuli, some of which were reinforced and some not. We focused on early theta oscillations (4–7 Hz) evoked by stimuli, and we used data-driven approach to magnetoencephalographic data recorded during participants’ performance on the task. We observed a robust increase in theta-band power in response to reinforced configural audiovisual stimuli (AV+), compared either to non-reinforced audiovisual stimuli (AV−) or to reinforced elemental stimuli (A+ or V+). Notably, the effect in response to the configural stimulus exhibited non-additive properties, indicating emergent integrative processing that extends beyond a simple superposition of its elements. Source localization revealed a distributed network of higher-order associative brain regions specifically engaged during configural learning, including the parahippocampal complex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex – areas traditionally associated with learning and memory. Significant theta power increases were also observed in the inferior parietal cortex and temporoparietal junction, as well as in the lateral and inferior temporal cortices. These regions, known for their roles in multimodal integration and higher-order cognition, are implicated in relational processing, attentional modulation, and object categorization. Together, these findings underscore the role of theta synchronization in binding complex sensory inputs into unified, higher-level representations during configural learning in humans. We interpret these results in terms of hippocampal-cortical communication and concept formation.
125.
Morozova, Marina; Yakovlev, Lev; Syrov, Nikolay; Lebedev, Mikhail; Kaplan, Alexander (2025). Cortical responses to tactile imagery: a high-density EEG study of the μ-rhythm event-related desynchronization and somatosensory evoked potentials. NeuroImage, 319(121440). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121440
@article{Morozova2025b,
title = {Cortical responses to tactile imagery: a high-density EEG study of the μ-rhythm event-related desynchronization and somatosensory evoked potentials},
author = {Marina Morozova and Lev Yakovlev and Nikolay Syrov and Mikhail Lebedev and Alexander Kaplan},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1016_j.neuroimage.2025.121440.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121440},
issn = {1053-8119},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-10-00},
urldate = {2025-10-00},
journal = {NeuroImage},
volume = {319},
number = {121440},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Scents can influence anxiety, including that experienced in clinical environments. This study examined the effects of two distinct aromas: lavender, a fragrance widely recognized for its calming properties, and African stone, a musky and relatively unfamiliar scent. Twenty healthy participants underwent alternating periods of rest and scent inhalation in a dental office environment while anxiety was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of theta, alpha, and beta power ratios, and electrocardiographic (ECG) measures of heart rate variability (HRV). Lavender inhalation significantly reduced self-reported state anxiety scores but did not produce measurable changes in EEG or HRV indices, possibly due to the short (5 min) exposure duration. African stone, in contrast, did not alter self-reported anxiety but induced significant physiological effects, including reduced theta and, increased alpha power in parieto-occipital regions, and decreased high-frequency (HF) and total HRV power. While the EEG changes are consistent with a more relaxed state, the HRV reductions could indicate a heightened autonomic arousal, suggesting that African stone could have triggered increased attention and physiological activation rather than merely relaxation. These findings demonstrate a divergence between subjective and physiological responses to scent exposure. Lavender appears to primarily reduce perceived anxiety, while African stone influences physiological arousal. We suggest that a multimodal approach be applied in aromatherapy research.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Scents can influence anxiety, including that experienced in clinical environments. This study examined the effects of two distinct aromas: lavender, a fragrance widely recognized for its calming properties, and African stone, a musky and relatively unfamiliar scent. Twenty healthy participants underwent alternating periods of rest and scent inhalation in a dental office environment while anxiety was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of theta, alpha, and beta power ratios, and electrocardiographic (ECG) measures of heart rate variability (HRV). Lavender inhalation significantly reduced self-reported state anxiety scores but did not produce measurable changes in EEG or HRV indices, possibly due to the short (5 min) exposure duration. African stone, in contrast, did not alter self-reported anxiety but induced significant physiological effects, including reduced theta and, increased alpha power in parieto-occipital regions, and decreased high-frequency (HF) and total HRV power. While the EEG changes are consistent with a more relaxed state, the HRV reductions could indicate a heightened autonomic arousal, suggesting that African stone could have triggered increased attention and physiological activation rather than merely relaxation. These findings demonstrate a divergence between subjective and physiological responses to scent exposure. Lavender appears to primarily reduce perceived anxiety, while African stone influences physiological arousal. We suggest that a multimodal approach be applied in aromatherapy research.
124.
Morozova, Marina; Gabrielyan, Irina; Kleeva, Daria; Efimova, Victoria; Lebedev, Mikhail (2025). Scents modulate anxiety levels, but electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic assessments could diverge from subjective reports: a pilot study. Front. Behav. Neurosci., 19(1534716). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1534716
@article{Morozova2025,
title = {Scents modulate anxiety levels, but electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic assessments could diverge from subjective reports: a pilot study},
author = {Marina Morozova and Irina Gabrielyan and Daria Kleeva and Victoria Efimova and Mikhail Lebedev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnbeh.2025.1534716.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1534716},
issn = {1662-5153},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-09-16},
urldate = {2025-09-16},
journal = {Front. Behav. Neurosci.},
volume = {19},
number = {1534716},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {Scents can influence anxiety, including that experienced in clinical environments. This study examined the effects of two distinct aromas: lavender, a fragrance widely recognized for its calming properties, and African stone, a musky and relatively unfamiliar scent. Twenty healthy participants underwent alternating periods of rest and scent inhalation in a dental office environment while anxiety was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of theta, alpha, and beta power ratios, and electrocardiographic (ECG) measures of heart rate variability (HRV). Lavender inhalation significantly reduced self-reported state anxiety scores but did not produce measurable changes in EEG or HRV indices, possibly due to the short (5 min) exposure duration. African stone, in contrast, did not alter self-reported anxiety but induced significant physiological effects, including reduced theta and, increased alpha power in parieto-occipital regions, and decreased high-frequency (HF) and total HRV power. While the EEG changes are consistent with a more relaxed state, the HRV reductions could indicate a heightened autonomic arousal, suggesting that African stone could have triggered increased attention and physiological activation rather than merely relaxation. These findings demonstrate a divergence between subjective and physiological responses to scent exposure. Lavender appears to primarily reduce perceived anxiety, while African stone influences physiological arousal. We suggest that a multimodal approach be applied in aromatherapy research.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Scents can influence anxiety, including that experienced in clinical environments. This study examined the effects of two distinct aromas: lavender, a fragrance widely recognized for its calming properties, and African stone, a musky and relatively unfamiliar scent. Twenty healthy participants underwent alternating periods of rest and scent inhalation in a dental office environment while anxiety was assessed using the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), electroencephalographic (EEG) measures of theta, alpha, and beta power ratios, and electrocardiographic (ECG) measures of heart rate variability (HRV). Lavender inhalation significantly reduced self-reported state anxiety scores but did not produce measurable changes in EEG or HRV indices, possibly due to the short (5 min) exposure duration. African stone, in contrast, did not alter self-reported anxiety but induced significant physiological effects, including reduced theta and, increased alpha power in parieto-occipital regions, and decreased high-frequency (HF) and total HRV power. While the EEG changes are consistent with a more relaxed state, the HRV reductions could indicate a heightened autonomic arousal, suggesting that African stone could have triggered increased attention and physiological activation rather than merely relaxation. These findings demonstrate a divergence between subjective and physiological responses to scent exposure. Lavender appears to primarily reduce perceived anxiety, while African stone influences physiological arousal. We suggest that a multimodal approach be applied in aromatherapy research.
123.
Dubynin, Ignat; Zemlyanskov, Maxim; Shalayeva, Irina; Gorskii, Oleg; Grinevich, Vladimir; Musienko, Pavel (2025). Neural–Computer Interfaces: Theory, Practice, Perspectives. Applied Sciences, 15(16)(8900). https://doi.org/10.3390/app15168900
@article{Dubynin2025,
title = {Neural–Computer Interfaces: Theory, Practice, Perspectives},
author = {Ignat Dubynin and Maxim Zemlyanskov and Irina Shalayeva and Oleg Gorskii and Vladimir Grinevich and Pavel Musienko},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3390_app15168900.pdf},
doi = {10.3390/app15168900},
issn = {2076-3417},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-08-12},
urldate = {2025-08-00},
journal = {Applied Sciences},
volume = {15(16)},
number = {8900},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {This review outlines the technological principles of neural–computer interface (NCI) construction, classifying them according to: (1) the degree of intervention (invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive); (2) the direction of signal communication, including BCI (brain–computer interface) for converting neural activity into commands for external devices, CBI (computer–brain interface) for translating artificial signals into stimuli for the CNS, and BBI (brain–brain interface) for direct brain-to-brain interaction systems that account for agency; and (3) the mode of user interaction with technology (active, reactive, passive). For each NCI type, we detail the fundamental data processing principles, covering signal registration, digitization, preprocessing, classification, encoding, command execution, and stimulation, alongside engineering implementations ranging from EEG/MEG to intracortical implants and from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to intracortical microstimulation (ICMS). We also review mathematical modeling methods for NCIs, focusing on optimizing the extraction of informative features from neural signals—decoding for BCI and encoding for CBI—followed by a discussion of quasi-real-time operation and the use of DSP and neuromorphic chips. Quantitative metrics and rehabilitation measures for evaluating NCI system effectiveness are considered. Finally, we highlight promising future research directions, such as the development of electrochemical interfaces, biomimetic hierarchical systems, and energy-efficient technologies capable of expanding brain functionality.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This review outlines the technological principles of neural–computer interface (NCI) construction, classifying them according to: (1) the degree of intervention (invasive, semi-invasive, and non-invasive); (2) the direction of signal communication, including BCI (brain–computer interface) for converting neural activity into commands for external devices, CBI (computer–brain interface) for translating artificial signals into stimuli for the CNS, and BBI (brain–brain interface) for direct brain-to-brain interaction systems that account for agency; and (3) the mode of user interaction with technology (active, reactive, passive). For each NCI type, we detail the fundamental data processing principles, covering signal registration, digitization, preprocessing, classification, encoding, command execution, and stimulation, alongside engineering implementations ranging from EEG/MEG to intracortical implants and from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to intracortical microstimulation (ICMS). We also review mathematical modeling methods for NCIs, focusing on optimizing the extraction of informative features from neural signals—decoding for BCI and encoding for CBI—followed by a discussion of quasi-real-time operation and the use of DSP and neuromorphic chips. Quantitative metrics and rehabilitation measures for evaluating NCI system effectiveness are considered. Finally, we highlight promising future research directions, such as the development of electrochemical interfaces, biomimetic hierarchical systems, and energy-efficient technologies capable of expanding brain functionality.
122.
Vasilyev, Anatoly N.; Svirin, Evgeniy P.; Dubynin, Ignat A.; Butorina, Anna V.; Nuzhdin, Yuri O.; Ossadtchi, Alexei E.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Shishkin, Sergei L. (2025). Intentionally versus spontaneously prolonged Gaze: A MEG study of active gaze-based interaction. Cortex, 189, 76-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.010
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Vasilyev2025,
title = {Intentionally versus spontaneously prolonged Gaze: A MEG study of active gaze-based interaction},
author = {Anatoly N. Vasilyev and Evgeniy P. Svirin and Ignat A. Dubynin and Anna V. Butorina and Yuri O. Nuzhdin and Alexei E. Ossadtchi and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Sergei L. Shishkin},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.12.11.627776v1.full.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.cortex.2025.05.010},
issn = {0010-9452},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-08-00},
urldate = {2025-08-00},
journal = {Cortex},
volume = {189},
pages = {76-96},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {Eye fixations are increasingly employed to control computers through gaze-sensitive interfaces, yet the brain mechanisms supporting this non-visual use of gaze remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed 306-channel magnetoencephalography (MEG) to find out what is specific to brain activity when gaze is used voluntarily for control.
MEG was recorded while participants played a video game controlled by their eye movements. Each move required object selection by fixating it for at least 500 msec. Gaze dwells were classified as intentional if followed by a confirmation gaze on a designated location and as spontaneous otherwise.
We identified both induced oscillatory and sustained phase-locked MEG activity differentiating intentional and spontaneous gaze dwells. Induced power analysis revealed prominent alpha-beta band synchronization (8–30 Hz) localized in the frontal cortex, with location broadly consistent with the frontal eye fields. This synchronization began 500–750 msec before intentional fixation onset and peaked shortly after it, suggesting proactive inhibition of saccadic activity. Sustained evoked responses further distinguished the two conditions, showing gradually rising cortical activation with a maximum at 200 msec post-onset in the inferior temporal cortex during intentional fixations, likely indicative of focused attentional engagement on spatial targets. These findings illuminate the neural dynamics underlying intentional gaze control, shedding light on the roles of proactive inhibitory mechanisms and attentional processes in voluntary behavior.
By leveraging a naturalistic gaze-based interaction paradigm, this study offers a novel framework for investigating voluntary control under free behavior conditions and holds potential applications for enhancing hybrid eye-brain-computer interfaces.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Eye fixations are increasingly employed to control computers through gaze-sensitive interfaces, yet the brain mechanisms supporting this non-visual use of gaze remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed 306-channel magnetoencephalography (MEG) to find out what is specific to brain activity when gaze is used voluntarily for control.
MEG was recorded while participants played a video game controlled by their eye movements. Each move required object selection by fixating it for at least 500 msec. Gaze dwells were classified as intentional if followed by a confirmation gaze on a designated location and as spontaneous otherwise.
We identified both induced oscillatory and sustained phase-locked MEG activity differentiating intentional and spontaneous gaze dwells. Induced power analysis revealed prominent alpha-beta band synchronization (8–30 Hz) localized in the frontal cortex, with location broadly consistent with the frontal eye fields. This synchronization began 500–750 msec before intentional fixation onset and peaked shortly after it, suggesting proactive inhibition of saccadic activity. Sustained evoked responses further distinguished the two conditions, showing gradually rising cortical activation with a maximum at 200 msec post-onset in the inferior temporal cortex during intentional fixations, likely indicative of focused attentional engagement on spatial targets. These findings illuminate the neural dynamics underlying intentional gaze control, shedding light on the roles of proactive inhibitory mechanisms and attentional processes in voluntary behavior.
By leveraging a naturalistic gaze-based interaction paradigm, this study offers a novel framework for investigating voluntary control under free behavior conditions and holds potential applications for enhancing hybrid eye-brain-computer interfaces.
MEG was recorded while participants played a video game controlled by their eye movements. Each move required object selection by fixating it for at least 500 msec. Gaze dwells were classified as intentional if followed by a confirmation gaze on a designated location and as spontaneous otherwise.
We identified both induced oscillatory and sustained phase-locked MEG activity differentiating intentional and spontaneous gaze dwells. Induced power analysis revealed prominent alpha-beta band synchronization (8–30 Hz) localized in the frontal cortex, with location broadly consistent with the frontal eye fields. This synchronization began 500–750 msec before intentional fixation onset and peaked shortly after it, suggesting proactive inhibition of saccadic activity. Sustained evoked responses further distinguished the two conditions, showing gradually rising cortical activation with a maximum at 200 msec post-onset in the inferior temporal cortex during intentional fixations, likely indicative of focused attentional engagement on spatial targets. These findings illuminate the neural dynamics underlying intentional gaze control, shedding light on the roles of proactive inhibitory mechanisms and attentional processes in voluntary behavior.
By leveraging a naturalistic gaze-based interaction paradigm, this study offers a novel framework for investigating voluntary control under free behavior conditions and holds potential applications for enhancing hybrid eye-brain-computer interfaces.
121.
Tretyakova, Vera; Pavlova, Anna; Arapov, Vasily; Rytikova, Anna; Vorobiova, Alicia; Prokofyev, Andrey; Chernyshev, Boris; Stroganova, Tatiana (2025). Newly acquired word-action associations trigger auditory cortex activation during movement preparation: Implications for Hebbian plasticity in action word learning. PLoS One, 20(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325977
@article{Tretyakova2025,
title = {Newly acquired word-action associations trigger auditory cortex activation during movement preparation: Implications for Hebbian plasticity in action word learning},
author = {Vera Tretyakova and Anna Pavlova and Vasily Arapov and Anna Rytikova and Alicia Vorobiova and Andrey Prokofyev and Boris Chernyshev and Tatiana Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1371_journal.pone.0325977.pdf},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0325977},
issn = {1932-6203},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-07-02},
urldate = {2025-07-02},
journal = {PLoS One},
volume = {20},
number = {7},
publisher = {Public Library of Science (PLoS)},
abstract = {Action word learning is believed to rely on mechanisms of Hebbian learning. However, this biological mechanism requires activation of the neural assemblies representing a word form and a corresponding movement to repeatedly overlap in time. In reality, though, these associated events could be separated by seconds. In the current MEG study, we examined trial-and-error learning of associations between novel auditory pseudowords and movements of specific body parts. We aimed to explore how the brain bridges the temporal gap between the transient activity evoked by auditory input and the preparatory motor activation before the corresponding movement. To address this, we compared learning-induced changes in neuromagnetic responses locked to the onset of the stimulus and to the onset of the movement. As learning progressed, both types of neural responses showed sustained enhancement during the delay period between the auditory pseudoword and the required movement. Cortical sources of this learning-induced increase were localized bilaterally in the lateral and medial temporal cortices. Notably, the learning effect was significantly stronger when measured time-locked to the movement onset, rather than to the pseudoword onset. This suggests that once pseudoword-movement associations were reliably acquired, extensive regions of the auditory cortex were reactivated in synchrony with the preparation for the upcoming movement. Such reactivation likely served to bring together in time the representations of the correct action and the preceding auditory cue. This temporal alignment could enable Hebbian learning, leading to long-lasting synaptic changes in temporally correlated neural assemblies.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Action word learning is believed to rely on mechanisms of Hebbian learning. However, this biological mechanism requires activation of the neural assemblies representing a word form and a corresponding movement to repeatedly overlap in time. In reality, though, these associated events could be separated by seconds. In the current MEG study, we examined trial-and-error learning of associations between novel auditory pseudowords and movements of specific body parts. We aimed to explore how the brain bridges the temporal gap between the transient activity evoked by auditory input and the preparatory motor activation before the corresponding movement. To address this, we compared learning-induced changes in neuromagnetic responses locked to the onset of the stimulus and to the onset of the movement. As learning progressed, both types of neural responses showed sustained enhancement during the delay period between the auditory pseudoword and the required movement. Cortical sources of this learning-induced increase were localized bilaterally in the lateral and medial temporal cortices. Notably, the learning effect was significantly stronger when measured time-locked to the movement onset, rather than to the pseudoword onset. This suggests that once pseudoword-movement associations were reliably acquired, extensive regions of the auditory cortex were reactivated in synchrony with the preparation for the upcoming movement. Such reactivation likely served to bring together in time the representations of the correct action and the preceding auditory cue. This temporal alignment could enable Hebbian learning, leading to long-lasting synaptic changes in temporally correlated neural assemblies.
120.
Shevtsova, Yulia G.; Yashin, Artem S.; Shishkin, Sergei L.; Vasilyev, Anatoly N. (2025). Disentangling High-Paced Alternating I/O in Gaze-Based Interaction. IEEE Access, 13, 81948-81966. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2025.3568650
@article{Shevtsova2025,
title = {Disentangling High-Paced Alternating I/O in Gaze-Based Interaction},
author = {Yulia G. Shevtsova and Artem S. Yashin and Sergei L. Shishkin and Anatoly N. Vasilyev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1109_access.2025.3568650.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/access.2025.3568650},
issn = {2169-3536},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-05-09},
urldate = {2025-00-00},
journal = {IEEE Access},
volume = {13},
pages = {81948-81966},
publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
abstract = {Gaze-based input to machines utilizes the ability of eye-gaze to serve as a user’s “output.” However, gaze should also support information flow in the opposite direction, namely, “input” to the user’s visual system from a machine’s output. The two functions can be easily separated in some tasks, like eye typing, but more complex scenarios typically require users to perform additional actions to avoid misinterpreting their intent. In this study, we modeled a free-behavior interaction with rapid transitions between visual search, decision-making, and gaze-based input operations through an engaging game called EyeLines. When playing the game, 15 volunteers selected screen objects using a 500 ms dwell time without additional actions for intention confirmation. By applying machine learning algorithms to gaze features and action context information, we achieved a threefold reduction in false positives, improved the quality of in-game decisions, and increased participant satisfaction with system ergonomics. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning applied to gaze features in enhancing gaze-based interaction within visually challenging environments.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Gaze-based input to machines utilizes the ability of eye-gaze to serve as a user’s “output.” However, gaze should also support information flow in the opposite direction, namely, “input” to the user’s visual system from a machine’s output. The two functions can be easily separated in some tasks, like eye typing, but more complex scenarios typically require users to perform additional actions to avoid misinterpreting their intent. In this study, we modeled a free-behavior interaction with rapid transitions between visual search, decision-making, and gaze-based input operations through an engaging game called EyeLines. When playing the game, 15 volunteers selected screen objects using a 500 ms dwell time without additional actions for intention confirmation. By applying machine learning algorithms to gaze features and action context information, we achieved a threefold reduction in false positives, improved the quality of in-game decisions, and increased participant satisfaction with system ergonomics. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the effectiveness of machine learning applied to gaze features in enhancing gaze-based interaction within visually challenging environments.
119.
Ипатюк, О. В.; Козунова, Г. Л. (2025). Актуальность исследования нейрокогнитивных механизмов поддержания и восстановления психического здоровья в условиях неопределенности границ психопатологии. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова, 5, 7-13. https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20251250517
@article{nokey,
title = {Актуальность исследования нейрокогнитивных механизмов поддержания и восстановления психического здоровья в условиях неопределенности границ психопатологии},
author = {О.В. Ипатюк and Г.Л. Козунова},
doi = {10.17116/jnevro20251250517},
issn = {2309-4729},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-05-00},
journal = {Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова},
volume = {5},
pages = {7-13},
abstract = {В последнее столетие в фундаментальной и прикладной психологии обосновался взгляд на психическое здоровье человека как на качественно своеобразное состояние, которое определяется не просто отсутствием симптомов психопатологии, но и рядом позитивных характеристик. К ним относятся субъективное благополучие, наличие положительных эмоций, психологическая устойчивость, эмоциональная компетентность и социальная зрелость человека в соответствии с возрастными и культурными ожиданиями. Тем не менее современные эпидемиологические и экспериментальные исследования оперируют преимущественно негативным определением ментального здоровья, составляя контрольные группы так называемых «нейротипичных добровольцев» на основании отсутствия истории психических расстройств у них, и иногда еще и у их кровных родственников. В клинических протоколах по диагностике психических расстройств отсутствуют эксплицитные критерии психического здоровья или выздоровления пациента. Разрыв между теоретическим и операциональным определениями психического здоровья обусловлен недостаточной распространенностью инструментов для оценки параметров психической деятельности, необходимых человеку для оптимального функционирования в повседневной жизни. Целью обзора является анализ эмпирических исследований последних лет, направленных на изучение нейрокогнитивных механизмов поддержания и восстановления психического здоровья. В работе обосновывается необходимость разработки прикладных методов для диагностики уровня психического здоровья человека в рамках современного гуманистического подхода.},
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В последнее столетие в фундаментальной и прикладной психологии обосновался взгляд на психическое здоровье человека как на качественно своеобразное состояние, которое определяется не просто отсутствием симптомов психопатологии, но и рядом позитивных характеристик. К ним относятся субъективное благополучие, наличие положительных эмоций, психологическая устойчивость, эмоциональная компетентность и социальная зрелость человека в соответствии с возрастными и культурными ожиданиями. Тем не менее современные эпидемиологические и экспериментальные исследования оперируют преимущественно негативным определением ментального здоровья, составляя контрольные группы так называемых «нейротипичных добровольцев» на основании отсутствия истории психических расстройств у них, и иногда еще и у их кровных родственников. В клинических протоколах по диагностике психических расстройств отсутствуют эксплицитные критерии психического здоровья или выздоровления пациента. Разрыв между теоретическим и операциональным определениями психического здоровья обусловлен недостаточной распространенностью инструментов для оценки параметров психической деятельности, необходимых человеку для оптимального функционирования в повседневной жизни. Целью обзора является анализ эмпирических исследований последних лет, направленных на изучение нейрокогнитивных механизмов поддержания и восстановления психического здоровья. В работе обосновывается необходимость разработки прикладных методов для диагностики уровня психического здоровья человека в рамках современного гуманистического подхода.
118.
Денисова, Е. В.; Позняк, Л. А.; Пульцина, К. И.; Третьякова, В. Д.; Чернышев, Б. В. (2025). Анализ мозговой активности при конфигурационном научении с помощью магнитоэнцефалографии. Экспериментальная психология, 18(1), 138-154. https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2025180109
@article{Denisova2025,
title = {Анализ мозговой активности при конфигурационном научении с помощью магнитоэнцефалографии},
author = {Е.В. Денисова and Л.А. Позняк and К.И. Пульцина and В.Д. Третьякова and Б.В. Чернышев},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17759_exppsy.2025180109.pdf},
doi = {10.17759/exppsy.2025180109},
issn = {2311-7036},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-04-16},
urldate = {2025-04-16},
journal = {Экспериментальная психология},
volume = {18},
number = {1},
pages = {138-154},
publisher = {Moscow State University of Psychology and Education},
abstract = {Контекст и актуальность. Работа посвящена исследованию кодирования мозгом комплексных стимулов при конфигурационном ассоциативном научении у человека. Поведение, которое основано на восприятии комплексных сигналов, обеспечивает высокую адаптивность человеческой деятельности. При этом на настоящий момент знания об участии коры больших полушарий в связывании стимульных элементов в воспринимаемую целостную конфигурацию остаются неполными и противоречивыми. Методы и материалы. Мы использовали четыре элементных разной модальности (два зрительных и два слуховых) и два комплексных мультимодальных стимула, составленные из тех же элементных стимулов. Два стимула (один комплексный и один элементный) сочетали с отрицательным подкреплением (электрокожным раздражением). Задача испытуемого состояла в нажатии кнопки в случае возникновения у него ожидания электрокожного раздражения после предъявления каждого стимула: стимулы предъявлялись в псевдослучайном порядке. В исследовании приняли участие 29 добровольных участников. Результаты исследования показали, что подкрепление комплексного стимула сопровождается значимым увеличением мощности тета-осцилляций в ответ на этот стимул. Кроме того, выявлено, что кодирование конфигурационной ассоциации вовлекает тета-осцилляции в большей степени в сравнении с элементной ассоциацией. Эти эффекты выявлены в локализациях, указывающих на префронтальную кору, левые дорсолатеральные фронтальные области, правые височные области и теменно-затылочные области.
Выводы. Мы предполагаем, что этот феномен не только является следствием вовлечения гиппокампа в кодирование комплексного стимула, но и свидетельствует об активном взаимодействии между гиппокампом и ассоциативными областями новой коры в процессе научения.
},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Контекст и актуальность. Работа посвящена исследованию кодирования мозгом комплексных стимулов при конфигурационном ассоциативном научении у человека. Поведение, которое основано на восприятии комплексных сигналов, обеспечивает высокую адаптивность человеческой деятельности. При этом на настоящий момент знания об участии коры больших полушарий в связывании стимульных элементов в воспринимаемую целостную конфигурацию остаются неполными и противоречивыми. Методы и материалы. Мы использовали четыре элементных разной модальности (два зрительных и два слуховых) и два комплексных мультимодальных стимула, составленные из тех же элементных стимулов. Два стимула (один комплексный и один элементный) сочетали с отрицательным подкреплением (электрокожным раздражением). Задача испытуемого состояла в нажатии кнопки в случае возникновения у него ожидания электрокожного раздражения после предъявления каждого стимула: стимулы предъявлялись в псевдослучайном порядке. В исследовании приняли участие 29 добровольных участников. Результаты исследования показали, что подкрепление комплексного стимула сопровождается значимым увеличением мощности тета-осцилляций в ответ на этот стимул. Кроме того, выявлено, что кодирование конфигурационной ассоциации вовлекает тета-осцилляции в большей степени в сравнении с элементной ассоциацией. Эти эффекты выявлены в локализациях, указывающих на префронтальную кору, левые дорсолатеральные фронтальные области, правые височные области и теменно-затылочные области.
Выводы. Мы предполагаем, что этот феномен не только является следствием вовлечения гиппокампа в кодирование комплексного стимула, но и свидетельствует об активном взаимодействии между гиппокампом и ассоциативными областями новой коры в процессе научения.
Выводы. Мы предполагаем, что этот феномен не только является следствием вовлечения гиппокампа в кодирование комплексного стимула, но и свидетельствует об активном взаимодействии между гиппокампом и ассоциативными областями новой коры в процессе научения.
117.
Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Artemenko, Ada R.; Petrokovskaia, Anastasiia V.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2025). Directional motion sensitivity in people with Visual Snow Syndrome is modulated by the presence of trailing-type palinopsia. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 66(4), 24. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.66.4.24
@article{nokey,
title = {Directional motion sensitivity in people with Visual Snow Syndrome is modulated by the presence of trailing-type palinopsia},
author = {Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Ada R. Artemenko and Anastasiia V. Petrokovskaia and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1167_iovs.66.4.24.pdf},
doi = {10.1167/iovs.66.4.24},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-04-02},
urldate = {2025-04-02},
journal = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
volume = {66},
number = {4},
pages = {24},
abstract = {Purpose: Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) is characterized by visual perceptual distortions, potentially linked to increased neural excitability and/or decreased inhibition in the visual cortex. If present, these putative physiological abnormalities may alter motion direction sensitivity. Trailing-type palinopsia (TTP), commonly associated with VSS, may further affect motion sensitivity. This study aimed to investigate the sensitivity to direction of motion and its dependence on stimulus size in patients with VSS using the Spatial Suppression paradigm.
Methods: We assessed motion duration discrimination thresholds for small (1 degree), medium (2.5 degrees), and large (12 degrees) high-contrast gratings in 23 patients with VSS and 27 healthy control participants. The Spatial Suppression Index (SSI) quantified size-dependent increases in duration thresholds. Visual Discomfort Questionnaire scores and VSS symptom ratings, including TTP, afterimages, photophobia, etc., were also collected.
Results: Patients with VSS reported higher visual discomfort and perceptual disturbances, but no group differences were found in duration thresholds or SSI. Notably, higher TTP scores were associated with lower duration thresholds, indicating a facilitatory effect of TTP on sensitivity to direction of motion.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that when VSS is regarded as a unified diagnostic category, it is not associated with impaired motion direction sensitivity or abnormal center-surround suppression. However, our preliminary results suggest that an absence or presence of comorbid TTP has a qualitatively different effect on directional sensitivity in patients with VSS. The facilitatory effect of TTP on motion sensitivity provides insight into the functional concomitants of TTP, and warrants further exploration, as it may significantly influence experimental outcomes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose: Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS) is characterized by visual perceptual distortions, potentially linked to increased neural excitability and/or decreased inhibition in the visual cortex. If present, these putative physiological abnormalities may alter motion direction sensitivity. Trailing-type palinopsia (TTP), commonly associated with VSS, may further affect motion sensitivity. This study aimed to investigate the sensitivity to direction of motion and its dependence on stimulus size in patients with VSS using the Spatial Suppression paradigm.
Methods: We assessed motion duration discrimination thresholds for small (1 degree), medium (2.5 degrees), and large (12 degrees) high-contrast gratings in 23 patients with VSS and 27 healthy control participants. The Spatial Suppression Index (SSI) quantified size-dependent increases in duration thresholds. Visual Discomfort Questionnaire scores and VSS symptom ratings, including TTP, afterimages, photophobia, etc., were also collected.
Results: Patients with VSS reported higher visual discomfort and perceptual disturbances, but no group differences were found in duration thresholds or SSI. Notably, higher TTP scores were associated with lower duration thresholds, indicating a facilitatory effect of TTP on sensitivity to direction of motion.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that when VSS is regarded as a unified diagnostic category, it is not associated with impaired motion direction sensitivity or abnormal center-surround suppression. However, our preliminary results suggest that an absence or presence of comorbid TTP has a qualitatively different effect on directional sensitivity in patients with VSS. The facilitatory effect of TTP on motion sensitivity provides insight into the functional concomitants of TTP, and warrants further exploration, as it may significantly influence experimental outcomes.
Methods: We assessed motion duration discrimination thresholds for small (1 degree), medium (2.5 degrees), and large (12 degrees) high-contrast gratings in 23 patients with VSS and 27 healthy control participants. The Spatial Suppression Index (SSI) quantified size-dependent increases in duration thresholds. Visual Discomfort Questionnaire scores and VSS symptom ratings, including TTP, afterimages, photophobia, etc., were also collected.
Results: Patients with VSS reported higher visual discomfort and perceptual disturbances, but no group differences were found in duration thresholds or SSI. Notably, higher TTP scores were associated with lower duration thresholds, indicating a facilitatory effect of TTP on sensitivity to direction of motion.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that when VSS is regarded as a unified diagnostic category, it is not associated with impaired motion direction sensitivity or abnormal center-surround suppression. However, our preliminary results suggest that an absence or presence of comorbid TTP has a qualitatively different effect on directional sensitivity in patients with VSS. The facilitatory effect of TTP on motion sensitivity provides insight into the functional concomitants of TTP, and warrants further exploration, as it may significantly influence experimental outcomes.
116.
Skidchenko, Ekaterina; Butorina, Anna; Fedosov, Nikita; Shevtsov, Oleg; Medvedeva, Daria; Zhao, Darisy; Dubynin, Ignat; Fedorov, Maxim; Koshev, Nikolay; Ossadtchi, Alexei (2025). The tale of two rooms: comparison of QuSpin zero-field OPMs’ operation in two magnetically shielded environments. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2025.3554317
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Skidchenko2025,
title = {The tale of two rooms: comparison of QuSpin zero-field OPMs’ operation in two magnetically shielded environments},
author = {Ekaterina Skidchenko and Anna Butorina and Nikita Fedosov and Oleg Shevtsov and Daria Medvedeva and Darisy Zhao and Ignat Dubynin and Maxim Fedorov and Nikolay Koshev and Alexei Ossadtchi},
url = {https://www.techrxiv.org/users/781386/articles/937665/master/file/data/The_tale_of_two_rooms_I&M/The_tale_of_two_rooms_I&M.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/tim.2025.3554317},
issn = {1557-9662},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-03-28},
urldate = {2025-00-00},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement},
pages = {1-1},
publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)},
abstract = {This paper addresses several critical aspects of using optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs), focusing on both metrological issues and the enhancement of signal quality. We present a quantitative methodology for OPM measurements standardization and quality evaluation, which is crucial in biomedical applications like magnetoencephalography (MEG). Additionally, we introduce a novel, cost-effective portable active magnetic shielding system - digital adaptive suppression system (DASS) – that represents a significant advancement over traditional analog active shielding. Through comprehensive experimental research, we evaluate first-and third-generation commercial OPMs from QuSpin Inc. in two distinct magnetic environments. Our results demonstrate that the DASS ensures optimal and reliable OPM performance, even in noisy urban settings, surpassing the effectiveness of conventional analog shielding. These findings highlight the need for advanced magnetic shielding solutions to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of OPM measurements.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper addresses several critical aspects of using optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs), focusing on both metrological issues and the enhancement of signal quality. We present a quantitative methodology for OPM measurements standardization and quality evaluation, which is crucial in biomedical applications like magnetoencephalography (MEG). Additionally, we introduce a novel, cost-effective portable active magnetic shielding system - digital adaptive suppression system (DASS) – that represents a significant advancement over traditional analog active shielding. Through comprehensive experimental research, we evaluate first-and third-generation commercial OPMs from QuSpin Inc. in two distinct magnetic environments. Our results demonstrate that the DASS ensures optimal and reliable OPM performance, even in noisy urban settings, surpassing the effectiveness of conventional analog shielding. These findings highlight the need for advanced magnetic shielding solutions to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of OPM measurements.
115.
Yashin, Artem S. (2025). Causal Deviance in Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs): A Challenge for the Philosophy of Action. Philosophies, 10(2), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies10020037
@article{Yashin2025,
title = {Causal Deviance in Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCIs): A Challenge for the Philosophy of Action},
author = {Artem S. Yashin},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3390_philosophies10020037.pdf},
doi = {10.3390/philosophies10020037},
issn = {2409-9287},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-03-25},
urldate = {2025-03-25},
journal = {Philosophies},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {37},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {The problem of deviant causal chains is a classic challenge in the philosophy of action. According to the causal theory of action (CTA), an event qualifies as an action if it is caused by the agent’s intention. In cases of deviant causal chains, this condition is met, but the agent loses control of the situation. To address this, theorists suggest that the intention must cause the action “in the right way”. However, defining what constitutes the “right way” is difficult, as the distinction between having and not having control can be subtle. In this paper, I demonstrate that brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide important insights into basic causal deviance. I examine how existing strategies might account for deviant causation in BCI use and highlight their challenges. I advocate for reliability strategies—approaches that focus on identifying which causal pathways reliably connect an agent’s intentions to their outcomes. Additionally, I compare two BCIs that differ in their sources of occasional malfunction. I argue that the presence of causal deviance in a given case depends on the boundaries of the system that enables action. Such boundary analysis is unnecessary for bodily movements; however, for basic actions performed through a machine, it becomes essential.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The problem of deviant causal chains is a classic challenge in the philosophy of action. According to the causal theory of action (CTA), an event qualifies as an action if it is caused by the agent’s intention. In cases of deviant causal chains, this condition is met, but the agent loses control of the situation. To address this, theorists suggest that the intention must cause the action “in the right way”. However, defining what constitutes the “right way” is difficult, as the distinction between having and not having control can be subtle. In this paper, I demonstrate that brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) provide important insights into basic causal deviance. I examine how existing strategies might account for deviant causation in BCI use and highlight their challenges. I advocate for reliability strategies—approaches that focus on identifying which causal pathways reliably connect an agent’s intentions to their outcomes. Additionally, I compare two BCIs that differ in their sources of occasional malfunction. I argue that the presence of causal deviance in a given case depends on the boundaries of the system that enables action. Such boundary analysis is unnecessary for bodily movements; however, for basic actions performed through a machine, it becomes essential.
114.
Razorenova, Alexandra; Butorina, Anna; Skidchenko, Ekaterina; Ostras, Maxim; Ossadtchi, Alexei; Koshev, Nikolay (2025). Sparse Sensor Layout Design via Recursive Orthogonalization of the Forward Solution Matrix With a Realistic Noises Environment in MEG. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 74, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2025.3544372
@article{nokey,
title = {Sparse Sensor Layout Design via Recursive Orthogonalization of the Forward Solution Matrix With a Realistic Noises Environment in MEG},
author = {Alexandra Razorenova and Anna Butorina and Ekaterina Skidchenko and Maxim Ostras and Alexei Ossadtchi and Nikolay Koshev},
doi = {10.1109/TIM.2025.3544372},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-02-28},
urldate = {2025-02-28},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement },
volume = {74},
pages = {1-13},
abstract = {The trend toward sensor miniaturization has heightened interest in optimizing sensor array configurations across various scientific and industrial applications that imply multichannel measurements. In this article, we present a novel method for sensor array layout optimization for the needs of the modern real-life magnetoencephalographic (MEG) applications. Starting from a superset of potential locations, we form a multisensor probe comprising sensors placed at the given number of distinct locations so that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the resulting multichannel array is maximized. We achieve this using a fixed number of iterations equal to the number of available sensors. At each step, the method places a sensor to the location that maximizes the region of interest (ROI)-related SNR and then applies the projection operation to the rows of the forward model matrix to orthogonalize the subsequent stereotypic iterations with respect to the sources served by the already-selected sensors. Within a selected ROI, the developed approach allows for the performance comparable to that of 102-sensor industrial standard (Elekta Neuromag MEG system) in terms of SNR that is from −0.83 to 2.13 dB for different types of compact sensors. Our approach requires significantly less computational resources and is 50× – 70× faster as compared to the previously developed methods. Due to high flexibility, RALFE sparse sensor design, demonstrated in application to MEG, is readily applicable to many other multichannel measurement challenges with linear observation models.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The trend toward sensor miniaturization has heightened interest in optimizing sensor array configurations across various scientific and industrial applications that imply multichannel measurements. In this article, we present a novel method for sensor array layout optimization for the needs of the modern real-life magnetoencephalographic (MEG) applications. Starting from a superset of potential locations, we form a multisensor probe comprising sensors placed at the given number of distinct locations so that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the resulting multichannel array is maximized. We achieve this using a fixed number of iterations equal to the number of available sensors. At each step, the method places a sensor to the location that maximizes the region of interest (ROI)-related SNR and then applies the projection operation to the rows of the forward model matrix to orthogonalize the subsequent stereotypic iterations with respect to the sources served by the already-selected sensors. Within a selected ROI, the developed approach allows for the performance comparable to that of 102-sensor industrial standard (Elekta Neuromag MEG system) in terms of SNR that is from −0.83 to 2.13 dB for different types of compact sensors. Our approach requires significantly less computational resources and is 50× – 70× faster as compared to the previously developed methods. Due to high flexibility, RALFE sparse sensor design, demonstrated in application to MEG, is readily applicable to many other multichannel measurement challenges with linear observation models.
113.
Tretyakova, V. D.; Pultsina, K. I. (2025). Brain Aging: Key Theories and Neurophysiological Insights. , 13(4), 5--28. https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2024130401
@article{Tretyakova2025b,
title = {Brain Aging: Key Theories and Neurophysiological Insights},
author = {V.D. Tretyakova and K.I. Pultsina},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17759_cpse.2024130401.pdf},
doi = {10.17759/cpse.2024130401},
issn = {2304-0394},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-16},
urldate = {2025-01-16},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {5--28},
publisher = {Moscow State University of Psychology and Education},
abstract = {In recent years, the problem of brain aging is becoming more and more relevant due to the increasing proportion of elderly people in the population. One of the key issues in this area is the study of the effect of aging on cognitive functions and brain activity, since these functions play an important role in everyday life and determine a person’s ability to lead a full, independent life and adapt to a changing environment. The aim of this article was to review foreign literature concerning the main theories of cognitive aging such as the frontal cortex aging theory, compensatory theories, reserve theory, sensory deprivation theory, information processing speed reduction theory and inhibitory influence deficit theory. Particular attention is paid to the neurophysiological aspects of aging. The literature search was carried out by keywords using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The reviewed results of neurocognitive studies allow us to identify structural and functional changes in the brain during aging, which can help clinical specialists differentiate “normal” aging from possible signs of brain diseases and develop a more individual approach if necessary to correct cognitive impairment.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In recent years, the problem of brain aging is becoming more and more relevant due to the increasing proportion of elderly people in the population. One of the key issues in this area is the study of the effect of aging on cognitive functions and brain activity, since these functions play an important role in everyday life and determine a person’s ability to lead a full, independent life and adapt to a changing environment. The aim of this article was to review foreign literature concerning the main theories of cognitive aging such as the frontal cortex aging theory, compensatory theories, reserve theory, sensory deprivation theory, information processing speed reduction theory and inhibitory influence deficit theory. Particular attention is paid to the neurophysiological aspects of aging. The literature search was carried out by keywords using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The reviewed results of neurocognitive studies allow us to identify structural and functional changes in the brain during aging, which can help clinical specialists differentiate “normal” aging from possible signs of brain diseases and develop a more individual approach if necessary to correct cognitive impairment.
2024
112.
Fadeev, Kirill A.; Romero Reyes, Ilacai V.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Ovsiannikova, Tatiana M.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Novikov, Artem Y.; Kozunov, Vladimir V.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2024). Attenuated processing of vowels in the left temporal cortex predicts speech-in-noise perception deficit in children with autism. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09585-2
@article{Fadeev2024,
title = {Attenuated processing of vowels in the left temporal cortex predicts speech-in-noise perception deficit in children with autism},
author = {Kirill A. Fadeev and Romero Reyes, Ilacai V. and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana M. Ovsiannikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Anna M. Rytikova and Artem Y. Novikov and Vladimir V. Kozunov and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s11689-024-09585-2.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s11689-024-09585-2},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-06},
urldate = {2024-12-06},
journal = {Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.
Difficulties with speech-in-noise perception in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) may be associated with impaired analysis of speech sounds, such as vowels, which represent the fundamental phoneme constituents of human speech. Vowels elicit early (< 100 ms) sustained processing negativity (SPN) in the auditory cortex that reflects the detection of an acoustic pattern based on the presence of formant structure and/or periodic envelope information (f0) and its transformation into an auditory “object”.
Methods
We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and individual brain models to investigate whether SPN is altered in children with ASD and whether this deficit is associated with impairment in their ability to perceive speech in the background of noise. MEG was recorded while boys with ASD and typically developing boys passively listened to sounds that differed in the presence/absence of f0 periodicity and formant structure. Word-in-noise perception was assessed in the separate psychoacoustic experiment using stationary and amplitude modulated noise with varying signal-to-noise ratio.
Results
SPN was present in both groups with similarly early onset. In children with ASD, SPN associated with processing formant structure was reduced predominantly in the cortical areas lateral to and medial to the primary auditory cortex, starting at ~ 150—200 ms after the stimulus onset. In the left hemisphere, this deficit correlated with impaired ability of children with ASD to recognize words in amplitude-modulated noise, but not in stationary noise.
Conclusions
These results suggest that perceptual grouping of vowel formants into phonemes is impaired in children with ASD and that, in the left hemisphere, this deficit contributes to their difficulties with speech perception in fluctuating background noise.
111.
Sarovic, Darko; Schneiderman, Justin; Lundström, Sebastian; Riaz, Bushra; Orekhova, Elena; Khan, Sheraz; Gillberg, Christopher (2024). Differential late-stage face processing in autism: a magnetoencephalographic study of fusiform gyrus activation. BMC Psychiatry, 24(1), 900. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-06400-z
@article{Sarovic2024,
title = {Differential late-stage face processing in autism: a magnetoencephalographic study of fusiform gyrus activation},
author = {Darko Sarovic and Justin Schneiderman and Sebastian Lundström and Bushra Riaz and Elena Orekhova and Sheraz Khan and Christopher Gillberg},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s12888-024-06400-z.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s12888-024-06400-z},
issn = {1471-244X},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-00},
urldate = {2024-12-00},
journal = {BMC Psychiatry},
volume = {24},
number = {1},
pages = {900},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Background
Autism is associated with alterations of social communication, such as during face-to-face interactions. This study aimed to probe face processing in autistics with normal IQ utilizing magnetoencephalography to examine event-related fields within the fusiform gyrus during face perception.
Methods
A case–control cohort of 22 individuals diagnosed with autism and 20 age-matched controls (all male, age 29.3 ± 6.9 years) underwent magnetoencephalographic scanning during an active task while observing neutral faces, face-like pareidolic objects, and non-face objects. The fusiform face area was identified using a face localizer for each participant, and the cortical activation pattern was normalized onto an average brain for subsequent analysis.
Results
Early post-stimulus activation amplitudes (before 100–200 ms) indicated differentiation between stimuli containing fundamental facial features and non-face objects in both groups. In contrast, later activation (400–550 ms) differentiated real faces from both pareidolic and non-face objects across both groups and faces from objects in controls but not in autistics. There was no effect of autistic-like traits.
Conclusions
The absence of group differences in early activation suggest intact face detection in autistics possessing a normal IQ. Later activation captures a greater degree of the complexity and social information from actual faces. Although both groups distinguished faces from pareidolic and non-face objects, the control group exhibited a slightly heightened differentiation at this latency, indicating a potential disadvantage for autistics in real face processing. The subtle difference in late-stage face processing observed in autistic individuals may reflect specific cognitive mechanisms related to face perception in autism.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Autism is associated with alterations of social communication, such as during face-to-face interactions. This study aimed to probe face processing in autistics with normal IQ utilizing magnetoencephalography to examine event-related fields within the fusiform gyrus during face perception.
Methods
A case–control cohort of 22 individuals diagnosed with autism and 20 age-matched controls (all male, age 29.3 ± 6.9 years) underwent magnetoencephalographic scanning during an active task while observing neutral faces, face-like pareidolic objects, and non-face objects. The fusiform face area was identified using a face localizer for each participant, and the cortical activation pattern was normalized onto an average brain for subsequent analysis.
Results
Early post-stimulus activation amplitudes (before 100–200 ms) indicated differentiation between stimuli containing fundamental facial features and non-face objects in both groups. In contrast, later activation (400–550 ms) differentiated real faces from both pareidolic and non-face objects across both groups and faces from objects in controls but not in autistics. There was no effect of autistic-like traits.
Conclusions
The absence of group differences in early activation suggest intact face detection in autistics possessing a normal IQ. Later activation captures a greater degree of the complexity and social information from actual faces. Although both groups distinguished faces from pareidolic and non-face objects, the control group exhibited a slightly heightened differentiation at this latency, indicating a potential disadvantage for autistics in real face processing. The subtle difference in late-stage face processing observed in autistic individuals may reflect specific cognitive mechanisms related to face perception in autism.
Autism is associated with alterations of social communication, such as during face-to-face interactions. This study aimed to probe face processing in autistics with normal IQ utilizing magnetoencephalography to examine event-related fields within the fusiform gyrus during face perception.
Methods
A case–control cohort of 22 individuals diagnosed with autism and 20 age-matched controls (all male, age 29.3 ± 6.9 years) underwent magnetoencephalographic scanning during an active task while observing neutral faces, face-like pareidolic objects, and non-face objects. The fusiform face area was identified using a face localizer for each participant, and the cortical activation pattern was normalized onto an average brain for subsequent analysis.
Results
Early post-stimulus activation amplitudes (before 100–200 ms) indicated differentiation between stimuli containing fundamental facial features and non-face objects in both groups. In contrast, later activation (400–550 ms) differentiated real faces from both pareidolic and non-face objects across both groups and faces from objects in controls but not in autistics. There was no effect of autistic-like traits.
Conclusions
The absence of group differences in early activation suggest intact face detection in autistics possessing a normal IQ. Later activation captures a greater degree of the complexity and social information from actual faces. Although both groups distinguished faces from pareidolic and non-face objects, the control group exhibited a slightly heightened differentiation at this latency, indicating a potential disadvantage for autistics in real face processing. The subtle difference in late-stage face processing observed in autistic individuals may reflect specific cognitive mechanisms related to face perception in autism.
110.
Мамохина, У. А.; Фадеев, К. А.; Гояева, Д. Э.; Илюнцева, А. А.; Овсянникова, Т. М.; Обухова, Т. С.; Салимова, К. Р.; Рытикова, А. М.; Давыдов, Д. В. (2024). Использование FM-систем для улучшения слухоречевого восприятия у детей с РАС. Пилотное исследование. Клиническая и специальная психология, 13(4), 194-214. https://doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2024000002
@article{Mamokhina2025,
title = {Использование FM-систем для улучшения слухоречевого восприятия у детей с РАС. Пилотное исследование},
author = {Мамохина, У.А. and Фадеев, К.А. and Гояева, Д.Э. and Илюнцева, А.А. and Овсянникова, Т.М. and Обухова, Т.С. and Салимова, К.Р. and Рытикова, А.М. and Давыдов, Д.В.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17759_cpse.2024000002.pdf},
doi = {10.17759/cpse.2024000002},
issn = {2304-0394},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-00},
urldate = {2024-12-00},
journal = {Клиническая и специальная психология},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {194-214},
publisher = {Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет},
abstract = {Актуальность и цель.
Дети с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) часто сталкиваются с трудностями в восприятии речи, особенно в шумных условиях. Эти проблемы связаны с нарушениями центральной слуховой обработки. Для улучшения слухоречевого восприятия могут применяться FM-системы, которые позволяют улучшить соотношение сигнал/шум. Целью данного исследования было изучение эффектов FM-систем при работе с детьми с РАС в условиях шума и их использования в школьной среде.
Методы.
Пилотное исследование было проведено в два этапа. На первом этапе с помощью теста «Слова в шуме» и задачи «Повторение предложений» изучалось распознавание детьми речи в условиях шума с применением FM-систем и без них. В эксперименте приняли участие 14 детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и 14 типично развивающихся сверстников. На втором этапе проводилось исследование использования FM-систем в реальных условиях школьного обучения у 10 учеников начальной школы для детей с аутизмом. Изменения слуховых способностей оценивалось с помощью шкалы L.I.F.E.-R.
Результаты.
На первом этапе было выявлено, что дети с РАС распознали значительно меньше слов в условиях шума, чем их типично развивающиеся сверстники. В задаче «Повторение предложений» использование FM-систем улучшило показатели детей с РАС с 58,3% до 76,9% (p=0,0005). На втором этапе у большинства участников были зарегистрированы минимальные изменения в оценках слуховых способностей по шкале L.I.F.E.-R: средний балл до применения FM-систем составил 54,9, а после — 57,4 (p=0,2322). Однако у нескольких учеников показатели улучшились на 8–13 баллов, что отражает индивидуальную вариативность эффекта от использования FM-систем.
Выводы.
FM-системы показали свою эффективность в улучшении слухоречевого восприятия детей с РАС в условиях шума. Однако внедрение FM-систем в школьный процесс требует дополнительных исследований эффективности в реальных условиях, а также адаптации для минимизации дискомфорта у детей и улучшения взаимодействия с учителями и тьюторами.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Актуальность и цель.
Дети с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) часто сталкиваются с трудностями в восприятии речи, особенно в шумных условиях. Эти проблемы связаны с нарушениями центральной слуховой обработки. Для улучшения слухоречевого восприятия могут применяться FM-системы, которые позволяют улучшить соотношение сигнал/шум. Целью данного исследования было изучение эффектов FM-систем при работе с детьми с РАС в условиях шума и их использования в школьной среде.
Методы.
Пилотное исследование было проведено в два этапа. На первом этапе с помощью теста «Слова в шуме» и задачи «Повторение предложений» изучалось распознавание детьми речи в условиях шума с применением FM-систем и без них. В эксперименте приняли участие 14 детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и 14 типично развивающихся сверстников. На втором этапе проводилось исследование использования FM-систем в реальных условиях школьного обучения у 10 учеников начальной школы для детей с аутизмом. Изменения слуховых способностей оценивалось с помощью шкалы L.I.F.E.-R.
Результаты.
На первом этапе было выявлено, что дети с РАС распознали значительно меньше слов в условиях шума, чем их типично развивающиеся сверстники. В задаче «Повторение предложений» использование FM-систем улучшило показатели детей с РАС с 58,3% до 76,9% (p=0,0005). На втором этапе у большинства участников были зарегистрированы минимальные изменения в оценках слуховых способностей по шкале L.I.F.E.-R: средний балл до применения FM-систем составил 54,9, а после — 57,4 (p=0,2322). Однако у нескольких учеников показатели улучшились на 8–13 баллов, что отражает индивидуальную вариативность эффекта от использования FM-систем.
Выводы.
FM-системы показали свою эффективность в улучшении слухоречевого восприятия детей с РАС в условиях шума. Однако внедрение FM-систем в школьный процесс требует дополнительных исследований эффективности в реальных условиях, а также адаптации для минимизации дискомфорта у детей и улучшения взаимодействия с учителями и тьюторами.
Дети с расстройствами аутистического спектра (РАС) часто сталкиваются с трудностями в восприятии речи, особенно в шумных условиях. Эти проблемы связаны с нарушениями центральной слуховой обработки. Для улучшения слухоречевого восприятия могут применяться FM-системы, которые позволяют улучшить соотношение сигнал/шум. Целью данного исследования было изучение эффектов FM-систем при работе с детьми с РАС в условиях шума и их использования в школьной среде.
Методы.
Пилотное исследование было проведено в два этапа. На первом этапе с помощью теста «Слова в шуме» и задачи «Повторение предложений» изучалось распознавание детьми речи в условиях шума с применением FM-систем и без них. В эксперименте приняли участие 14 детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и 14 типично развивающихся сверстников. На втором этапе проводилось исследование использования FM-систем в реальных условиях школьного обучения у 10 учеников начальной школы для детей с аутизмом. Изменения слуховых способностей оценивалось с помощью шкалы L.I.F.E.-R.
Результаты.
На первом этапе было выявлено, что дети с РАС распознали значительно меньше слов в условиях шума, чем их типично развивающиеся сверстники. В задаче «Повторение предложений» использование FM-систем улучшило показатели детей с РАС с 58,3% до 76,9% (p=0,0005). На втором этапе у большинства участников были зарегистрированы минимальные изменения в оценках слуховых способностей по шкале L.I.F.E.-R: средний балл до применения FM-систем составил 54,9, а после — 57,4 (p=0,2322). Однако у нескольких учеников показатели улучшились на 8–13 баллов, что отражает индивидуальную вариативность эффекта от использования FM-систем.
Выводы.
FM-системы показали свою эффективность в улучшении слухоречевого восприятия детей с РАС в условиях шума. Однако внедрение FM-систем в школьный процесс требует дополнительных исследований эффективности в реальных условиях, а также адаптации для минимизации дискомфорта у детей и улучшения взаимодействия с учителями и тьюторами.
109.
Pultsina, Kristina I.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Kozunova, Galina L.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Miasnikova, Aleksandra S.; Rytikova, Anna M.; Chernyshev, Boris V. (2024). Atypical pupil-linked arousal induced by low-risk probabilistic choices, and intolerance of uncertainty in adults with ASD. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 25(2), 531-549. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3
@article{Pultsina2024,
title = {Atypical pupil-linked arousal induced by low-risk probabilistic choices, and intolerance of uncertainty in adults with ASD},
author = {Kristina I. Pultsina and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Galina L. Kozunova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Aleksandra S. Miasnikova and Anna M. Rytikova and Boris V. Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3758_s13415-024-01227-3.pdf},
doi = {10.3758/s13415-024-01227-3},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-11-19},
urldate = {2024-11-19},
journal = { Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience },
volume = {25},
number = {2},
pages = {531-549},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress when operating in a probabilistic environment, even if it is familiar, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Their decision-making may be affected by the uncertainty aversion implicated in ASD and associated with increased autonomic arousal. Previous studies have shown that in neurotypical (NT) people, decisions with predictably better outcomes are less stressful and elicit smaller pupil-linked arousal than those involving exploration. Here, in a sample of 46 high-functioning ASD and NT participants, using mixed-effects model analysis, we explored pupil-linked arousal and behavioral performance in a probabilistic reward learning task with a stable advantage of one choice option over the other. We found that subjects with ASD learned and preferred advantageous probabilistic choices at the same rate and to the same extent as NT participants, both in terms of choice ratio and response time. Although both groups exhibited similar predictive behaviors, learning to favor advantageous choices led to increased pupillary arousal for these choices in the ASD group, while it caused a decrease in pupillary arousal in the NT group. Moreover, greater pupil-linked arousal during decisions with higher expected value correlated with greater degree of self-reported intolerance of uncertainty in everyday life. Our results suggest that in a nonvolatile probabilistic environment, objectively good predictive abilities in people with ASD are coupled with elevated physiological stress and subjective uncertainty regarding the decisions with the best possible but still uncertain outcome that contributes to their intolerance of uncertainty.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress when operating in a probabilistic environment, even if it is familiar, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Their decision-making may be affected by the uncertainty aversion implicated in ASD and associated with increased autonomic arousal. Previous studies have shown that in neurotypical (NT) people, decisions with predictably better outcomes are less stressful and elicit smaller pupil-linked arousal than those involving exploration. Here, in a sample of 46 high-functioning ASD and NT participants, using mixed-effects model analysis, we explored pupil-linked arousal and behavioral performance in a probabilistic reward learning task with a stable advantage of one choice option over the other. We found that subjects with ASD learned and preferred advantageous probabilistic choices at the same rate and to the same extent as NT participants, both in terms of choice ratio and response time. Although both groups exhibited similar predictive behaviors, learning to favor advantageous choices led to increased pupillary arousal for these choices in the ASD group, while it caused a decrease in pupillary arousal in the NT group. Moreover, greater pupil-linked arousal during decisions with higher expected value correlated with greater degree of self-reported intolerance of uncertainty in everyday life. Our results suggest that in a nonvolatile probabilistic environment, objectively good predictive abilities in people with ASD are coupled with elevated physiological stress and subjective uncertainty regarding the decisions with the best possible but still uncertain outcome that contributes to their intolerance of uncertainty.
108.
Ossadtchi, Alexei; Semenkov, Ilia; Zhuravleva, Anna; Kozunov, Vladimir; Serikov, Oleg; Voloshina, Ekaterina (2024). Representational dissimilarity component analysis (ReDisCA). NeuroImage, 301, 120868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120868
@article{OSSADTCHI2024120868,
title = {Representational dissimilarity component analysis (ReDisCA)},
author = {Alexei Ossadtchi and Ilia Semenkov and Anna Zhuravleva and Vladimir Kozunov and Oleg Serikov and Ekaterina Voloshina},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1016_j.neuroimage.2024.120868.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120868},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-11-02},
urldate = {2024-11-02},
journal = {NeuroImage},
volume = {301},
pages = {120868},
abstract = {The principle of Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) posits that neural representations reflect the structure of encoded information, allowing exploration of spatial and temporal organization of brain information processing. Traditional RSA when applied to EEG or MEG data faces challenges in accessing activation time series at the brain source level due to modeling complexities and insufficient geometric/anatomical data. To overcome this, we introduce Representational Dissimilarity Component Analysis (ReDisCA), a method for estimating spatial–temporal components in EEG or MEG responses aligned with a target representational dissimilarity matrix (RDM). ReDisCA yields informative spatial filters and associated topographies, offering insights into the location of ”representationally relevant” sources. Applied to evoked response time series, ReDisCA produces temporal source activation profiles with the desired RDM. Importantly, while ReDisCA does not require inverse modeling its output is consistent with EEG and MEG observation equation and can be used as an input to rigorous source localization procedures. Demonstrating ReDisCA’s efficacy through simulations and comparison with conventional methods, we show superior source localization accuracy and apply the method to real EEG and MEG datasets, revealing physiologically plausible representational structures without inverse modeling. ReDisCA adds to the family of inverse modeling free methods such as independent component analysis (Makeig, 1995), Spatial spectral decomposition (Nikulin, 2011), and Source power comodulation (Dähne, 2014) designed for extraction sources with desired properties from EEG or MEG data. Extending its utility beyond EEG and MEG analysis, ReDisCA is likely to find application in fMRI data analysis and exploration of representational structures emerging in multilayered artificial neural networks.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The principle of Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) posits that neural representations reflect the structure of encoded information, allowing exploration of spatial and temporal organization of brain information processing. Traditional RSA when applied to EEG or MEG data faces challenges in accessing activation time series at the brain source level due to modeling complexities and insufficient geometric/anatomical data. To overcome this, we introduce Representational Dissimilarity Component Analysis (ReDisCA), a method for estimating spatial–temporal components in EEG or MEG responses aligned with a target representational dissimilarity matrix (RDM). ReDisCA yields informative spatial filters and associated topographies, offering insights into the location of ”representationally relevant” sources. Applied to evoked response time series, ReDisCA produces temporal source activation profiles with the desired RDM. Importantly, while ReDisCA does not require inverse modeling its output is consistent with EEG and MEG observation equation and can be used as an input to rigorous source localization procedures. Demonstrating ReDisCA’s efficacy through simulations and comparison with conventional methods, we show superior source localization accuracy and apply the method to real EEG and MEG datasets, revealing physiologically plausible representational structures without inverse modeling. ReDisCA adds to the family of inverse modeling free methods such as independent component analysis (Makeig, 1995), Spatial spectral decomposition (Nikulin, 2011), and Source power comodulation (Dähne, 2014) designed for extraction sources with desired properties from EEG or MEG data. Extending its utility beyond EEG and MEG analysis, ReDisCA is likely to find application in fMRI data analysis and exploration of representational structures emerging in multilayered artificial neural networks.
107.
Yashin, Artem S.; Vasilyev, Anatoly N.; Shevtsova, Yulia G.; Shishkin, Sergei L. (2024). Can Quasi-Movements be Used as a Model of the BCI Based on Attempted Movements? 2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). Sarawak, Malaysia, October 6-10, 2024. 2028-2033. https://doi.org/10.1109/smc54092.2024.10831475
@conference{Yashin2024d,
title = {Can Quasi-Movements be Used as a Model of the BCI Based on Attempted Movements?},
author = {Artem S. Yashin and Anatoly N. Vasilyev and Yulia G. Shevtsova and Sergei L. Shishkin},
doi = {10.1109/smc54092.2024.10831475},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-06},
urldate = {2024-10-06},
booktitle = {2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC)},
pages = {2028-2033},
address = {Sarawak, Malaysia, October 6-10, 2024},
abstract = {Brain-computer interfaces (BCls) based on motor imagery (imagined movements, 1M) are among the most common BCls for the rehabilitation of paralyzed patients. However, it is possible that attempted movements (AM) would be more an effective alternative for 1M. Unlike 1M, AM are difficult to study outside of clinical practice. Nikulin et al. (2008) suggest that quasi-movements (QM) could help model AM in healthy participants without immobilizing interventions. QM result from the amplitude reduction of an overt movement, which leads to the practical absence of electromyography (EMG) response. The performance of QM may have features that may distance QM from AM. Here, we examined the compatibility of QM with a saccade task, which modelled visual interaction with the outside world during the practical use of a BCI. In a study involving 24 volunteers, we used electroencephalography (EEG), EMG, and conducted an extensive survey of the participants. We expected that, compared to 1M, QM in the dual-task condition would be easier and less tiring and would be accompanied by greater event-related desynchronization (ERD) of the sensorimotor rhythms. Our hypotheses were based on the assumption that like AM and unlike 1M, QM is a more external task, and so is more compatible with the saccade task. We reproduced the effect of greater ERD for QM in the dual-task condition but did not find any significant difference between the difficulty or tediousness of QM and 1M. Nevertheless, the survey data gave us important insights into the challenges participants faced when performing QM. Despite EMG values similar to 1M, the feeling of muscle tension experienced by the participants correlated with mean EMG values. The main challenge in performing QM by the participants was to make movements without an amplitude. Performing QM conflicted with the illusion of movement that was supposed to accompany them: without proprioceptive feedback, participants doubt the reality of QM. Our results can be used to improve the procedure of QM training, which should bring them closer to genuine attempts of movements in the eyes of participants.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Brain-computer interfaces (BCls) based on motor imagery (imagined movements, 1M) are among the most common BCls for the rehabilitation of paralyzed patients. However, it is possible that attempted movements (AM) would be more an effective alternative for 1M. Unlike 1M, AM are difficult to study outside of clinical practice. Nikulin et al. (2008) suggest that quasi-movements (QM) could help model AM in healthy participants without immobilizing interventions. QM result from the amplitude reduction of an overt movement, which leads to the practical absence of electromyography (EMG) response. The performance of QM may have features that may distance QM from AM. Here, we examined the compatibility of QM with a saccade task, which modelled visual interaction with the outside world during the practical use of a BCI. In a study involving 24 volunteers, we used electroencephalography (EEG), EMG, and conducted an extensive survey of the participants. We expected that, compared to 1M, QM in the dual-task condition would be easier and less tiring and would be accompanied by greater event-related desynchronization (ERD) of the sensorimotor rhythms. Our hypotheses were based on the assumption that like AM and unlike 1M, QM is a more external task, and so is more compatible with the saccade task. We reproduced the effect of greater ERD for QM in the dual-task condition but did not find any significant difference between the difficulty or tediousness of QM and 1M. Nevertheless, the survey data gave us important insights into the challenges participants faced when performing QM. Despite EMG values similar to 1M, the feeling of muscle tension experienced by the participants correlated with mean EMG values. The main challenge in performing QM by the participants was to make movements without an amplitude. Performing QM conflicted with the illusion of movement that was supposed to accompany them: without proprioceptive feedback, participants doubt the reality of QM. Our results can be used to improve the procedure of QM training, which should bring them closer to genuine attempts of movements in the eyes of participants.
106.
Miroshnikov, Andrei; Yakovlev, Lev; Syrov, Nikolay; Vasilyev, Anatoly; Berkmush-Antipova, Artemiy; Golovanov, Frol; Kaplan, Alexander (2024). Differential Hemodynamic Responses to Motor and Tactile Imagery: Insights from Multichannel fNIRS Mapping. Brain Topography, 38, 4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-024-01075-x
@article{Miroshnikov2024,
title = {Differential Hemodynamic Responses to Motor and Tactile Imagery: Insights from Multichannel fNIRS Mapping},
author = {Andrei Miroshnikov and Lev Yakovlev and Nikolay Syrov and Anatoly Vasilyev and Artemiy Berkmush-Antipova and Frol Golovanov and Alexander Kaplan},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s10548-024-01075-x.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s10548-024-01075-x},
issn = {1573-6792},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-04},
urldate = {2024-10-04},
journal = {Brain Topography },
volume = {38},
pages = {4},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Tactile and motor imagery are crucial components of sensorimotor functioning and cognitive neuroscience research, yet the neural mechanisms of tactile imagery remain underexplored compared to motor imagery. This study employs multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) combined with image reconstruction techniques to investigate the neural hemodynamics associated with tactile (TI) and motor imagery (MI). In a study of 15 healthy participants, we found that MI elicited significantly greater hemodynamic responses (HRs) in the precentral area compared to TI, suggesting the involvement of different cortical areas involved in two different types of sensorimotor mental imagery. Concurrently, the HRs in S1 and parietal areas exhibited comparable patterns in both TI and MI. During MI, both motor and somatosensory areas demonstrated comparable HRs. However, in TI, somatosensory activation was observed to be more pronounced. Our results highlight the distinctive neural profiles of motor versus tactile imagery and indicate fNIRS technique to be sensitive for this. This distinction is significant for fundamental understanding of sensorimotor integration and for developing advanced neurotechnologies, including imagery-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that can differentiate between different types of mental imagery.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tactile and motor imagery are crucial components of sensorimotor functioning and cognitive neuroscience research, yet the neural mechanisms of tactile imagery remain underexplored compared to motor imagery. This study employs multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) combined with image reconstruction techniques to investigate the neural hemodynamics associated with tactile (TI) and motor imagery (MI). In a study of 15 healthy participants, we found that MI elicited significantly greater hemodynamic responses (HRs) in the precentral area compared to TI, suggesting the involvement of different cortical areas involved in two different types of sensorimotor mental imagery. Concurrently, the HRs in S1 and parietal areas exhibited comparable patterns in both TI and MI. During MI, both motor and somatosensory areas demonstrated comparable HRs. However, in TI, somatosensory activation was observed to be more pronounced. Our results highlight the distinctive neural profiles of motor versus tactile imagery and indicate fNIRS technique to be sensitive for this. This distinction is significant for fundamental understanding of sensorimotor integration and for developing advanced neurotechnologies, including imagery-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that can differentiate between different types of mental imagery.
105.
Chetkin, Egor I.; Kozyrsky, Bogdan L.; Shishkin, Sergei L. (2024). Unconditional EEG Synthesis Based on Diffusion Models for Sound Generation. 2024 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences (SIBIRCON). Novosibirsk State University, 30 Sep – 2 Oct, 2024. 416-420. https://doi.org/10.1109/sibircon63777.2024.10758527
@conference{Chetkin2024,
title = {Unconditional EEG Synthesis Based on Diffusion Models for Sound Generation},
author = {Egor I. Chetkin and Bogdan L. Kozyrsky and Sergei L. Shishkin},
doi = {10.1109/sibircon63777.2024.10758527},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-30},
urldate = {2024-09-30},
booktitle = {2024 IEEE International Multi-Conference on Engineering, Computer and Information Sciences (SIBIRCON)},
pages = {416-420},
address = {Novosibirsk State University, 30 Sep – 2 Oct, 2024},
abstract = {Classifiers used in brain-computer interfaces based on the electroencephalography (EEG) typically demonstrate rel-atively low performance, which is a serios obstacle for making them a practical technology. One of the most important limitations that prevents improving EEG classification is the scarcity of the EEG data. Thus, generation of synthetic data could help to enhance classification. Recently, diffusion models were applied time for time series generation and first steps were made in generating synthetic EEG data using them. Here, we introduce MultiChan Wavegrad, a novel diffusion model designed specifically for multichannel EEG data generation. We describe its architecture and preliminary results of its testing using the BCI competition IV 2a dataset with the EEG recorded during motor imagery. The data generated by MultiChanWaveGrad possessed some resemblance to the real EEG data, although did not reproduce the EEG characteristics well enough. Finally, we discuss possible future directions for improving its performance and possibly making it a useful tool for data augmentation, especially for improving training of BCI classifiers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Classifiers used in brain-computer interfaces based on the electroencephalography (EEG) typically demonstrate rel-atively low performance, which is a serios obstacle for making them a practical technology. One of the most important limitations that prevents improving EEG classification is the scarcity of the EEG data. Thus, generation of synthetic data could help to enhance classification. Recently, diffusion models were applied time for time series generation and first steps were made in generating synthetic EEG data using them. Here, we introduce MultiChan Wavegrad, a novel diffusion model designed specifically for multichannel EEG data generation. We describe its architecture and preliminary results of its testing using the BCI competition IV 2a dataset with the EEG recorded during motor imagery. The data generated by MultiChanWaveGrad possessed some resemblance to the real EEG data, although did not reproduce the EEG characteristics well enough. Finally, we discuss possible future directions for improving its performance and possibly making it a useful tool for data augmentation, especially for improving training of BCI classifiers.
104.
Chernyshev, B. V.; Ushakov, V. L.; Poznyak, L. A. (2024). Search for neurophysiological mechanisms of configurational learning. Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова, 74(2), 150-166. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0044467724020028
@article{Chernyshev2024b,
title = {Search for neurophysiological mechanisms of configurational learning},
author = {B. V. Chernyshev and V. L. Ushakov and L. A. Poznyak},
doi = {10.31857/s0044467724020028},
issn = {0044-4677},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-21},
urldate = {2024-08-21},
journal = {Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова},
volume = {74},
number = {2},
pages = {150-166},
publisher = {The Russian Academy of Sciences},
abstract = {Configural learning is a form of associative learning in which the conditioned stimulus is a holistic set of stimulus elements rather than individual stimuli or their isolated properties. Successfully solving the task of such associative learning requires a holistic analysis of the entire configuration as a whole. The ability to analyze not only individual physical aspects of a stimulus or single objects in a visual scene, but also their holistic combinations, offers significant evolutionary advantages, as configurations often have substantially greater predictive power compared to individual stimulus elements or features. Moreover, the ability to holistically analyze combinations of stimulus field elements or features can be considered an initial, primitive manifestation of consciousness. In the present review, we consider the history of the development of the concept of configural learning, the main methodological avenues of investigation, and currently available neurophysiological data on the putative neural basis of this phenomenon. We find it most interesting to study the processes of configural learning in humans using modern neuroimaging methods, as they provide a glimpse into the holistic brain functioning. Finally, we consider the future tasks aimed to provide a more complete understanding of the neurophysiology of the configural learning phenomenon.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Configural learning is a form of associative learning in which the conditioned stimulus is a holistic set of stimulus elements rather than individual stimuli or their isolated properties. Successfully solving the task of such associative learning requires a holistic analysis of the entire configuration as a whole. The ability to analyze not only individual physical aspects of a stimulus or single objects in a visual scene, but also their holistic combinations, offers significant evolutionary advantages, as configurations often have substantially greater predictive power compared to individual stimulus elements or features. Moreover, the ability to holistically analyze combinations of stimulus field elements or features can be considered an initial, primitive manifestation of consciousness. In the present review, we consider the history of the development of the concept of configural learning, the main methodological avenues of investigation, and currently available neurophysiological data on the putative neural basis of this phenomenon. We find it most interesting to study the processes of configural learning in humans using modern neuroimaging methods, as they provide a glimpse into the holistic brain functioning. Finally, we consider the future tasks aimed to provide a more complete understanding of the neurophysiology of the configural learning phenomenon.
103.
Vander, Tatiana; Bikmullina, Rozaliya; Froimovich, Naomi; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Nissenkorn, Andreea; Gilboa, Tal; Eliashiv, Dawn; Ekstein, Dana; Medvedovsky, Mordekhay (2024). Economic aspects of prolonged home video-EEG monitoring: a simulation study. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12962-024-00568-7
@article{Vander2024,
title = {Economic aspects of prolonged home video-EEG monitoring: a simulation study},
author = {Tatiana Vander and Rozaliya Bikmullina and Naomi Froimovich and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Andreea Nissenkorn and Tal Gilboa and Dawn Eliashiv and Dana Ekstein and Mordekhay Medvedovsky},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1186_s12962-024-00568-7.pdf},
doi = {10.1186/s12962-024-00568-7},
issn = {1478-7547},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-10},
urldate = {2024-08-10},
journal = {Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation},
volume = {22},
number = {1},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Introduction
Video EEG monitoring (VEM) is an important tool for characterizing clinical events suspected as seizures. It is also used for pre-surgical workups in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). In-hospital VEM high cost, long admission waiting periods and some other inconveniences led to an interest in home VEM (HVEM). However, because antiseizure medications cannot be reduced at home, HVEM may require longer monitoring. While the economic aspect is one of the main motivations for HVEM, the cost of HVEM lasting several weeks has not been assessed.
Methods
We modeled the cost of HVEM for 8 weeks and compared it to the cost of 1-week in-hospital VEM. Additionally, we modeled the per-patient cost for a combination of HVEM and in-hospital VEM, considering that if in a proportion of patients HVEM fails to achieve its goal, they should undergo in-hospital VEM with drug reduction.
Results
The average cost of HVEM up to 4–6 weeks of monitoring was lower than that for the 1-week in-hospital VEM. Combining the 3-week HVEM with 1-week in-hospital VEM (if needed) reduced the per-patient cost by 6.6–28.6% as compared to the situation when all the patients with DRE were referred to the in-hospital VEM.
Conclusions
A prolonged intermittent HVEM can be cost-effective, especially if the minimal seizure frequency is about one seizure per week. The study findings support directing efforts into clinical trials and technology development.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction
Video EEG monitoring (VEM) is an important tool for characterizing clinical events suspected as seizures. It is also used for pre-surgical workups in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). In-hospital VEM high cost, long admission waiting periods and some other inconveniences led to an interest in home VEM (HVEM). However, because antiseizure medications cannot be reduced at home, HVEM may require longer monitoring. While the economic aspect is one of the main motivations for HVEM, the cost of HVEM lasting several weeks has not been assessed.
Methods
We modeled the cost of HVEM for 8 weeks and compared it to the cost of 1-week in-hospital VEM. Additionally, we modeled the per-patient cost for a combination of HVEM and in-hospital VEM, considering that if in a proportion of patients HVEM fails to achieve its goal, they should undergo in-hospital VEM with drug reduction.
Results
The average cost of HVEM up to 4–6 weeks of monitoring was lower than that for the 1-week in-hospital VEM. Combining the 3-week HVEM with 1-week in-hospital VEM (if needed) reduced the per-patient cost by 6.6–28.6% as compared to the situation when all the patients with DRE were referred to the in-hospital VEM.
Conclusions
A prolonged intermittent HVEM can be cost-effective, especially if the minimal seizure frequency is about one seizure per week. The study findings support directing efforts into clinical trials and technology development.
Video EEG monitoring (VEM) is an important tool for characterizing clinical events suspected as seizures. It is also used for pre-surgical workups in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). In-hospital VEM high cost, long admission waiting periods and some other inconveniences led to an interest in home VEM (HVEM). However, because antiseizure medications cannot be reduced at home, HVEM may require longer monitoring. While the economic aspect is one of the main motivations for HVEM, the cost of HVEM lasting several weeks has not been assessed.
Methods
We modeled the cost of HVEM for 8 weeks and compared it to the cost of 1-week in-hospital VEM. Additionally, we modeled the per-patient cost for a combination of HVEM and in-hospital VEM, considering that if in a proportion of patients HVEM fails to achieve its goal, they should undergo in-hospital VEM with drug reduction.
Results
The average cost of HVEM up to 4–6 weeks of monitoring was lower than that for the 1-week in-hospital VEM. Combining the 3-week HVEM with 1-week in-hospital VEM (if needed) reduced the per-patient cost by 6.6–28.6% as compared to the situation when all the patients with DRE were referred to the in-hospital VEM.
Conclusions
A prolonged intermittent HVEM can be cost-effective, especially if the minimal seizure frequency is about one seizure per week. The study findings support directing efforts into clinical trials and technology development.
102.
Козунова, Г. Л.; Чернышев, Б. В.; Пульцина, К. И.; Строганова, Т. А. (2024). Роль ассоциативной памяти в обучении с вероятностным денежным подкреплением у подростков 12–15 лет. Вопросы психологии, 70, 93-101.
@article{nokey,
title = {Роль ассоциативной памяти в обучении с вероятностным денежным подкреплением у подростков 12–15 лет},
author = {Г.Л. Козунова and Б.В. Чернышев and К.И. Пульцина and Т.А. Строганова},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/voppsy_2024_70_4_93-101.pdf},
issn = {0042-8841},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-01},
urldate = {2024-08-01},
journal = {Вопросы психологии},
volume = {70},
issue = {4},
pages = {93-101},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
101.
Yashin, Artem S.; Lavrov, Daniil S.; Melnichuk, Eugeny V.; Karpov, Valery V.; Zhao, Darisy G.; Dubynin, Ignat A. (2024). Robot remote control using virtual reality headset: studying sense of agency with subjective distance estimates. Virtual Reality, 28(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-024-01028-6
@article{Yashin2024,
title = {Robot remote control using virtual reality headset: studying sense of agency with subjective distance estimates},
author = {Artem S. Yashin and Daniil S. Lavrov and Eugeny V. Melnichuk and Valery V. Karpov and Darisy G. Zhao and Ignat A. Dubynin},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s10055-024-01028-6.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s10055-024-01028-6},
issn = {1434-9957},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-24},
urldate = {2024-06-24},
journal = {Virtual Reality},
volume = {28},
number = {3},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Mobile robots have many applications in the modern world. The autonomy of robots is increasing, but critical cases like search and rescue missions must involve the possibility of human intervention for ethical reasons and safety. To achieve effective human–robot interaction, the operator needs to have a sense of agency (SoA) over the activities of the robot. One possible way to increase one's SoA in remote control could be the use of VR technology. The remote control situation has some important features, so indicators of SoA need to be reproduced there independently. In our study, participants controlled a mobile robot using either a monitor or a VR-headset as an output device. In both cases, active control was contrasted with passive observation of the robot's movement. In each trial, participants estimated the distance traveled by the robot—a putative implicit indicator of SoA. A significant difference between subjective distance estimates was found in the active and passive conditions with the monitor, but not in the active and passive conditions with VR. The effect obtained in the monitor conditions suggests that distance estimates can be used as an implicit indicator of SoA in robot remote control. We believe that the lack of difference between the active and passive conditions in VR was caused by motion sickness due to a mismatch of visual and vestibular sensory cues, leading to a weakened SoA.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mobile robots have many applications in the modern world. The autonomy of robots is increasing, but critical cases like search and rescue missions must involve the possibility of human intervention for ethical reasons and safety. To achieve effective human–robot interaction, the operator needs to have a sense of agency (SoA) over the activities of the robot. One possible way to increase one's SoA in remote control could be the use of VR technology. The remote control situation has some important features, so indicators of SoA need to be reproduced there independently. In our study, participants controlled a mobile robot using either a monitor or a VR-headset as an output device. In both cases, active control was contrasted with passive observation of the robot's movement. In each trial, participants estimated the distance traveled by the robot—a putative implicit indicator of SoA. A significant difference between subjective distance estimates was found in the active and passive conditions with the monitor, but not in the active and passive conditions with VR. The effect obtained in the monitor conditions suggests that distance estimates can be used as an implicit indicator of SoA in robot remote control. We believe that the lack of difference between the active and passive conditions in VR was caused by motion sickness due to a mismatch of visual and vestibular sensory cues, leading to a weakened SoA.
100.
Manyukhina, Viktoriya O.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Stroganova, Tatiana A.; Orekhova, Elena V. (2024). Changes in high-frequency aperiodic 1/f slope and periodic activity reflect post-stimulus functional inhibition in the visual cortex. Imaging Neuroscience, 2, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00146
@article{Manyukhina2024,
title = {Changes in high-frequency aperiodic 1/f slope and periodic activity reflect post-stimulus functional inhibition in the visual cortex},
author = {Viktoriya O. Manyukhina and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana A. Stroganova and Elena V. Orekhova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1162_imag_a_00146.pdf},
doi = {10.1162/imag_a_00146},
issn = {2837-6056},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-10},
urldate = {2024-04-10},
journal = {Imaging Neuroscience},
volume = {2},
pages = {1-24},
publisher = {MIT Press},
abstract = {It has been shown that cessation of intensive sensory stimulation is associated with a transient increase in functional inhibition in the sensory cortical areas. However, the electrophysiological correlates of this post-stimulus inhibition in the human brain have not been thoroughly investigated. To investigate post-stimulus inhibition, we analyzed magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recorded at rest and after cessation of visual stimulation of varying intensity (high-contrast gratings drifting at a slow, medium, or high rate) in 25 healthy women aged 18–40 years. We analyzed condition- and intensity-related changes in MEG parameters sensitive to functional inhibition: periodic alpha-beta power, peak alpha frequency (PAF), and 1/f aperiodic slope. We also investigated the association of these parameters with sensory sensitivity and avoidance assessed by a questionnaire. To evaluate the influence of hormonal status on the studied parameters, participants were examined twice, during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). Regardless of the MC phase, increasing drift rate of visual gratings resulted in a proportional increase of post-stimulus posterior alpha-beta power, PAF, and a negative shift of the aperiodic (1/f) slope of the power spectrum in the high-frequency range. Compared to rest, the post-stimulus periods were characterized by higher PAF, more negative 1/f slope in posterior cortical areas, and a widespread increase in beta power. While condition- and drift-rate-dependent modulations of alpha-beta power and 1/f slope were correlated, changes in PAF did not correlate with either of them. A greater intensity-dependent increase in visual alpha-beta power predicted higher subjective sensory sensitivity/avoidance, suggesting stronger regulatory top-down modulation of the visual cortex in individuals with heightened sensitivity. Our results show that several MEG parameters concordantly indicate a post-stimulus enhancement of inhibition that is proportional to the intensity of the preceding visual stimulation. While post-stimulus changes in alpha-beta power and 1/f slope may share some common mechanisms, changes in PAF reflect a distinct aspect of inhibitory regulation. Our results inform potential inhibition-based biomarkers for clinical and translational research.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
It has been shown that cessation of intensive sensory stimulation is associated with a transient increase in functional inhibition in the sensory cortical areas. However, the electrophysiological correlates of this post-stimulus inhibition in the human brain have not been thoroughly investigated. To investigate post-stimulus inhibition, we analyzed magnetoencephalogram (MEG) recorded at rest and after cessation of visual stimulation of varying intensity (high-contrast gratings drifting at a slow, medium, or high rate) in 25 healthy women aged 18–40 years. We analyzed condition- and intensity-related changes in MEG parameters sensitive to functional inhibition: periodic alpha-beta power, peak alpha frequency (PAF), and 1/f aperiodic slope. We also investigated the association of these parameters with sensory sensitivity and avoidance assessed by a questionnaire. To evaluate the influence of hormonal status on the studied parameters, participants were examined twice, during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). Regardless of the MC phase, increasing drift rate of visual gratings resulted in a proportional increase of post-stimulus posterior alpha-beta power, PAF, and a negative shift of the aperiodic (1/f) slope of the power spectrum in the high-frequency range. Compared to rest, the post-stimulus periods were characterized by higher PAF, more negative 1/f slope in posterior cortical areas, and a widespread increase in beta power. While condition- and drift-rate-dependent modulations of alpha-beta power and 1/f slope were correlated, changes in PAF did not correlate with either of them. A greater intensity-dependent increase in visual alpha-beta power predicted higher subjective sensory sensitivity/avoidance, suggesting stronger regulatory top-down modulation of the visual cortex in individuals with heightened sensitivity. Our results show that several MEG parameters concordantly indicate a post-stimulus enhancement of inhibition that is proportional to the intensity of the preceding visual stimulation. While post-stimulus changes in alpha-beta power and 1/f slope may share some common mechanisms, changes in PAF reflect a distinct aspect of inhibitory regulation. Our results inform potential inhibition-based biomarkers for clinical and translational research.
99.
Гояева, Д. Э.; Обухова, Т. С.; Овсянникова, Т. М.; Рытикова, А. М.; Джиоева, Ц. Г.; Павлова, А.; Николаева, А. Ю. (2024). Специфика оценивания фонематического слуха и его особенностей у детей с РАС. Новые Психологические Исследования, 4(1), 143-158. https://doi.org/10.51217/npsyresearch_2024_04_01_07
@article{Гояева2024,
title = {Специфика оценивания фонематического слуха и его особенностей у детей с РАС},
author = {Д.Э. Гояева and Т.С. Обухова and Т.М. Овсянникова and А.М. Рытикова and Ц.Г. Джиоева and А. Павлова and А.Ю. Николаева},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.51217_npsyresearch_2024_04_01_07.pdf},
doi = {10.51217/npsyresearch_2024_04_01_07},
issn = {2782-2184},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-03},
urldate = {2024-04-03},
journal = {Новые Психологические Исследования},
volume = {4},
number = {1},
pages = {143-158},
publisher = {Московский институт психоанализа},
abstract = {Расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС) характеризуются широким диапазоном когнитивных, социальных и коммуникативных нарушений. Одним из наиболее заметных проявлений РАС являются трудности в области речи и языка, которые могут серьезно ограничивать способность индивидов с РАС к эффективному общению и взаимодействию с окружающим миром. Проблема диагностики речевых нарушений у лиц с РАС усложняется тем, что многие существующие методики оценки не позволяют четко разделить речевые и языковые трудности от общего уровня интеллектуального развития, что может приводить к неточностям в интерпретации результатов. В данной работе мы сосредоточились на выявлении тех аспектов фонематического восприятия, которые могут быть оценены с минимальным влиянием интеллектуальных факторов. Для этого были использованы фонематические субтесты из комплексной диагностической батареи «КОРАБЛИК». Мы тщательно проанализировали результаты выполнения таких заданий, как «Повторение слов», «Повторение псевдослов», «Понимание существительных» и «Понимание глаголов», чтобы определить их способность отражать специфические речевые нарушения у детей с РАС. Результаты анализа показали наличие дефицита фонематического восприятия у детей с РАС, однако только результат задания «Повторение псевдослов» продемонстрировал стабильную корреляцию с речевыми нарушениями, не зависимо от уровня интеллекта участников. Данные результаты подчеркивают критическую необходимость в разработке и адаптации специализированных диагностических инструментов, которые были бы чувствительны к специфике речевых и языковых нарушений у лиц с РАС, но в то же время минимально зависели от их когнитивных способностей. Такие инструменты могли бы значительно улучшить точность диагностики и, как следствие, эффективность последующих коррекционных и образовательных программ для детей с РАС.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Расстройства аутистического спектра (РАС) характеризуются широким диапазоном когнитивных, социальных и коммуникативных нарушений. Одним из наиболее заметных проявлений РАС являются трудности в области речи и языка, которые могут серьезно ограничивать способность индивидов с РАС к эффективному общению и взаимодействию с окружающим миром. Проблема диагностики речевых нарушений у лиц с РАС усложняется тем, что многие существующие методики оценки не позволяют четко разделить речевые и языковые трудности от общего уровня интеллектуального развития, что может приводить к неточностям в интерпретации результатов. В данной работе мы сосредоточились на выявлении тех аспектов фонематического восприятия, которые могут быть оценены с минимальным влиянием интеллектуальных факторов. Для этого были использованы фонематические субтесты из комплексной диагностической батареи «КОРАБЛИК». Мы тщательно проанализировали результаты выполнения таких заданий, как «Повторение слов», «Повторение псевдослов», «Понимание существительных» и «Понимание глаголов», чтобы определить их способность отражать специфические речевые нарушения у детей с РАС. Результаты анализа показали наличие дефицита фонематического восприятия у детей с РАС, однако только результат задания «Повторение псевдослов» продемонстрировал стабильную корреляцию с речевыми нарушениями, не зависимо от уровня интеллекта участников. Данные результаты подчеркивают критическую необходимость в разработке и адаптации специализированных диагностических инструментов, которые были бы чувствительны к специфике речевых и языковых нарушений у лиц с РАС, но в то же время минимально зависели от их когнитивных способностей. Такие инструменты могли бы значительно улучшить точность диагностики и, как следствие, эффективность последующих коррекционных и образовательных программ для детей с РАС.
98.
Чернышев, Б. В.; Ушаков, В. Л.; Позняк, Л. А. (2024). Поиск нейрофизиологических механизмов конфигурационного обучения. Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова, 74(2), 150-166. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044467724020028
@article{nokey,
title = {Поиск нейрофизиологических механизмов конфигурационного обучения},
author = {Б.В. Чернышев and В.Л. Ушаков and Л.А. Позняк},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.31857_S0044467724020028.pdf},
doi = {10.31857/S0044467724020028},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-00},
urldate = {2024-03-00},
journal = {Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова},
volume = {74},
number = {2},
pages = {150-166},
publisher = {Российская академия наук},
abstract = {Конфигурационным обучением называют такую форму ассоциативного обучения, при которой условным стимулом выступает целостный комплекс стимульных элементов, а не отдельные стимулы или их изолированные свойства. Для успешного решения задачи такого ассоциативного обучения требуется холистический анализ всей конфигурации в целом. Возможность анализировать не только отдельные физические аспекты стимула или отдельные объекты зрительной сцены, но и их целостные комбинации дает существенные эволюционные преимущества, поскольку часто конфигурации обладают существенно большей предсказательной силой в сравнении с отдельными элементами или признаками стимула. Более того, возможность холистического анализа комбинаций элементов или признаков стимульного поля может считаться начальным, примитивным проявлением сознания. В настоящем обзоре мы рассмотрим историю разработки концепции конфигурационного обучения, основные методические пути исследования и имеющиеся на настоящий момент нейрофизиологические данные о предполагаемых нейрональных основах этого феномена. Наиболее интересными нам представляются исследования процессов конфигурационного обучения у человека с помощью современных методов нейровизуализации, поскольку они дают возможность заглянуть в работу целостного мозга. В заключение мы рассмотрим, какие проблемы в имеющихся исследованиях должны быть преодолены в будущем, чтобы обеспечить более полное понимание нейрофизиологии феномена конфигурационного обучения.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Конфигурационным обучением называют такую форму ассоциативного обучения, при которой условным стимулом выступает целостный комплекс стимульных элементов, а не отдельные стимулы или их изолированные свойства. Для успешного решения задачи такого ассоциативного обучения требуется холистический анализ всей конфигурации в целом. Возможность анализировать не только отдельные физические аспекты стимула или отдельные объекты зрительной сцены, но и их целостные комбинации дает существенные эволюционные преимущества, поскольку часто конфигурации обладают существенно большей предсказательной силой в сравнении с отдельными элементами или признаками стимула. Более того, возможность холистического анализа комбинаций элементов или признаков стимульного поля может считаться начальным, примитивным проявлением сознания. В настоящем обзоре мы рассмотрим историю разработки концепции конфигурационного обучения, основные методические пути исследования и имеющиеся на настоящий момент нейрофизиологические данные о предполагаемых нейрональных основах этого феномена. Наиболее интересными нам представляются исследования процессов конфигурационного обучения у человека с помощью современных методов нейровизуализации, поскольку они дают возможность заглянуть в работу целостного мозга. В заключение мы рассмотрим, какие проблемы в имеющихся исследованиях должны быть преодолены в будущем, чтобы обеспечить более полное понимание нейрофизиологии феномена конфигурационного обучения.
97.
Chernyshev, B. V.; Pavlova, A. A.; Rytikova, A. M.; Butorina, A. V.; Stroganova, T. A. (2024). Prolongation of Cerebral Activation in Response to a Stimulus as a Probable Mechanism of Associative Plasticity during Semantic Learning. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 54(3), 434-447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-024-01610-0
@article{Chernyshev2024,
title = {Prolongation of Cerebral Activation in Response to a Stimulus as a Probable Mechanism of Associative Plasticity during Semantic Learning},
author = {B. V. Chernyshev and A. A. Pavlova and A. M. Rytikova and A. V. Butorina and T. A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s11055-024-01610-0.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s11055-024-01610-0},
issn = {1573-899X},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-00},
urldate = {2024-03-00},
journal = {Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology },
volume = {54},
number = {3},
pages = {434-447},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Remembering the meanings of new spoken words is believed to occur as a result of associative learning. For example, this is how words denoting movements can be compared with their corresponding motor acts. Synaptic plasticity is known to develop in the brain when the activity of the cellular ensembles representing associated events coincides in time. However, in reality, such associations can develop when there is a significant time gap between the events to be associated, violating the conditions required for the occurrence of synaptic plasticity. We suggested that the conditions required for the development of synaptic plasticity in the brain can be created if the activity of neural representations is prolonged in time such that the required overlap in time at the level of neural ensembles is achieved. To test this assumption, we recorded magnetoencephalograms from voluntary participants during the development of associations between pseudowords and movements of the four limbs. The results obtained here show that there is indeed a significant prolongation of stimulus-induced auditory-verbal activation when new associations develop. Thus, during the development of an association, conditions can be created in the brain for the development of Hebbian plasticity, even if the associated events are separated in time.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Remembering the meanings of new spoken words is believed to occur as a result of associative learning. For example, this is how words denoting movements can be compared with their corresponding motor acts. Synaptic plasticity is known to develop in the brain when the activity of the cellular ensembles representing associated events coincides in time. However, in reality, such associations can develop when there is a significant time gap between the events to be associated, violating the conditions required for the occurrence of synaptic plasticity. We suggested that the conditions required for the development of synaptic plasticity in the brain can be created if the activity of neural representations is prolonged in time such that the required overlap in time at the level of neural ensembles is achieved. To test this assumption, we recorded magnetoencephalograms from voluntary participants during the development of associations between pseudowords and movements of the four limbs. The results obtained here show that there is indeed a significant prolongation of stimulus-induced auditory-verbal activation when new associations develop. Thus, during the development of an association, conditions can be created in the brain for the development of Hebbian plasticity, even if the associated events are separated in time.
96.
Mikhaylets, Ekaterina; Razorenova, Alexandra M.; Chernyshev, Vsevolod; Syrov, Nikolay; Yakovlev, Lev; Boytsova, Julia; Kokurina, Elena; Zhironkina, Yulia; Medvedev, Svyatoslav; Kaplan, Alexander (2024). SDA: a data-driven algorithm that detects functional states applied to the EEG of Guhyasamaja meditation. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fninf.2023.1301718
@article{Mikhaylets2024,
title = {SDA: a data-driven algorithm that detects functional states applied to the EEG of Guhyasamaja meditation},
author = {Ekaterina Mikhaylets and Alexandra M. Razorenova and Vsevolod Chernyshev and Nikolay Syrov and Lev Yakovlev and Julia Boytsova and Elena Kokurina and Yulia Zhironkina and Svyatoslav Medvedev and Alexander Kaplan},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fninf.2023.1301718.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fninf.2023.1301718},
issn = {1662-5196},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-29},
urldate = {2024-01-29},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroinformatics},
volume = {17},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {The study presents a novel approach designed to detect time-continuous states in time-series data, called the State-Detecting Algorithm (SDA). The SDA operates on unlabeled data and detects optimal change-points among intrinsic functional states in time-series data based on an ensemble of Ward's hierarchical clustering with time-connectivity constraint. The algorithm chooses the best number of states and optimal state boundaries, maximizing clustering quality metrics. We also introduce a series of methods to estimate the performance and confidence of the SDA when the ground truth annotation is unavailable. These include information value analysis, paired statistical tests, and predictive modeling analysis. The SDA was validated on EEG recordings of Guhyasamaja meditation practice with a strict staged protocol performed by three experienced Buddhist practitioners in an ecological setup. The SDA used neurophysiological descriptors as inputs, including PSD, power indices, coherence, and PLV. <jats:italic>Post-hoc</jats:italic> analysis of the obtained EEG states revealed significant differences compared to the baseline and neighboring states. The SDA was found to be stable with respect to state order organization and showed poor clustering quality metrics and no statistical significance between states when applied to randomly shuffled epochs (i.e., surrogate subject data used as controls). The SDA can be considered a general data-driven approach that detects hidden functional states associated with the mental processes evolving during meditation or other ongoing mental and cognitive processes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The study presents a novel approach designed to detect time-continuous states in time-series data, called the State-Detecting Algorithm (SDA). The SDA operates on unlabeled data and detects optimal change-points among intrinsic functional states in time-series data based on an ensemble of Ward's hierarchical clustering with time-connectivity constraint. The algorithm chooses the best number of states and optimal state boundaries, maximizing clustering quality metrics. We also introduce a series of methods to estimate the performance and confidence of the SDA when the ground truth annotation is unavailable. These include information value analysis, paired statistical tests, and predictive modeling analysis. The SDA was validated on EEG recordings of Guhyasamaja meditation practice with a strict staged protocol performed by three experienced Buddhist practitioners in an ecological setup. The SDA used neurophysiological descriptors as inputs, including PSD, power indices, coherence, and PLV. <jats:italic>Post-hoc</jats:italic> analysis of the obtained EEG states revealed significant differences compared to the baseline and neighboring states. The SDA was found to be stable with respect to state order organization and showed poor clustering quality metrics and no statistical significance between states when applied to randomly shuffled epochs (i.e., surrogate subject data used as controls). The SDA can be considered a general data-driven approach that detects hidden functional states associated with the mental processes evolving during meditation or other ongoing mental and cognitive processes.
95.
Yashin, Artem S.; Stolyarova, Anastasiya N.; Melnichuk, Eugeni V.; Arinkin, Nikita A.; Zinina, Anna A.; Zhao, Darisy G.; Kotov, Artemiy A. (2024). When is Human–Robot Joint Agency Effective? The Case of Cooperative Reaction Games. International Journal of Social Robotics, 16(3), 635-644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-023-01089-8
@article{Yashin2024b,
title = {When is Human–Robot Joint Agency Effective? The Case of Cooperative Reaction Games},
author = {Artem S. Yashin and Anastasiya N. Stolyarova and Eugeni V. Melnichuk and Nikita A. Arinkin and Anna A. Zinina and Darisy G. Zhao and Artemiy A. Kotov},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s12369-023-01089-8.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s12369-023-01089-8},
issn = {1875-4805},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-06},
urldate = {2024-01-06},
journal = {International Journal of Social Robotics},
volume = {16},
number = {3},
pages = {635-644},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Here, using a cooperative reaction game, we compared human interaction with an anthropomorphic robot and a computer program. The assistant (either the robot or the program) took over half of the tasks that the participant faced in the game. In half of the game sessions, the assistant reacted slowly, and in the other half, it reacted faster than naive participants. Together with the fast-paced robot, participants scored significantly more points, than with the fast-paced program. This difference was made by the players, as there was no difference in performance between the robot and the program. In addition, human reaction time varied with the pace of the robot, but not the program. We believe that the participants played better with the robot and adopted its pace because they perceived it as a real co-agent. According to the survey, the participants preferred to play with the robot. Together, these results suggest promising prospects for joint human–robot agency and the use of anthropomorphic robots.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Here, using a cooperative reaction game, we compared human interaction with an anthropomorphic robot and a computer program. The assistant (either the robot or the program) took over half of the tasks that the participant faced in the game. In half of the game sessions, the assistant reacted slowly, and in the other half, it reacted faster than naive participants. Together with the fast-paced robot, participants scored significantly more points, than with the fast-paced program. This difference was made by the players, as there was no difference in performance between the robot and the program. In addition, human reaction time varied with the pace of the robot, but not the program. We believe that the participants played better with the robot and adopted its pace because they perceived it as a real co-agent. According to the survey, the participants preferred to play with the robot. Together, these results suggest promising prospects for joint human–robot agency and the use of anthropomorphic robots.
2023
94.
Фадеев, К. А.; Орехова, Е. В. (2023). Центральные слуховые расстройства: причины, симптомы и способы преодоления дефицита в условиях учебного процесса. Современная зарубежная психология, 12(4), 7-21. https://doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2023120401
@article{Fadeev2024b,
title = {Центральные слуховые расстройства: причины, симптомы и способы преодоления дефицита в условиях учебного процесса},
author = {Фадеев, К.А. and Орехова, Е.В.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17759_jmfp.2023120401.pdf},
doi = {10.17759/jmfp.2023120401},
issn = {2304-4977},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-22},
urldate = {2023-12-22},
journal = {Современная зарубежная психология},
volume = {12},
number = {4},
pages = {7-21},
publisher = {Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет},
abstract = {Центральные слуховые расстройства (ЦСР) — это нарушения способности распознавать звуки, локализовать их источники и/или определять их идентичность и значение вследствие функциональных нарушений центральной слуховой системы. ЦСР может наблюдаться у людей с нормальным уровнем слуха и не является следствием высокоуровневых речевых или когнитивных нарушений. Эти расстройства мало знакомы отечественным специалистам в области коррекционной психологии, в то время как, согласно зарубежным источникам, оно наблюдается у 2—7% школьников и часто сочетается с другими нарушениями развития (дислексия, нарушения развития речи, РАС, СДВГ). В обзоре кратко описаны современные представления о ЦСР: причинах его возникновения, симптомах, подходах к диагностике. В частности, мы обращаем внимание читателей на недостаточную разработанность отечественных инструментов и практик диагностики ЦСР. Далее мы рассматриваем современные подходы к коррекции ЦСР, обращая особое внимание на ассистивные технологии, улучшающие соотношение «сигнал/шум» (FM-систем). Имеющиеся в литературе данные свидетельствуют о том, что кроме непосредственного эффекта (улучшение понимания речи), FM-системы, при их достаточно продолжительном использовании, оказывают положительный отсроченный эффект, основанный на механизмах нейронной пластичности.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Центральные слуховые расстройства (ЦСР) — это нарушения способности распознавать звуки, локализовать их источники и/или определять их идентичность и значение вследствие функциональных нарушений центральной слуховой системы. ЦСР может наблюдаться у людей с нормальным уровнем слуха и не является следствием высокоуровневых речевых или когнитивных нарушений. Эти расстройства мало знакомы отечественным специалистам в области коррекционной психологии, в то время как, согласно зарубежным источникам, оно наблюдается у 2—7% школьников и часто сочетается с другими нарушениями развития (дислексия, нарушения развития речи, РАС, СДВГ). В обзоре кратко описаны современные представления о ЦСР: причинах его возникновения, симптомах, подходах к диагностике. В частности, мы обращаем внимание читателей на недостаточную разработанность отечественных инструментов и практик диагностики ЦСР. Далее мы рассматриваем современные подходы к коррекции ЦСР, обращая особое внимание на ассистивные технологии, улучшающие соотношение «сигнал/шум» (FM-систем). Имеющиеся в литературе данные свидетельствуют о том, что кроме непосредственного эффекта (улучшение понимания речи), FM-системы, при их достаточно продолжительном использовании, оказывают положительный отсроченный эффект, основанный на механизмах нейронной пластичности.
93.
Чернышев, Б. В.; Пульцина, К. И.; Третьякова, В. Д.; Мясникова, А. С.; Прокофьев, А. О.; Козунова, Г. Л.; Строганова, Т. А. (2023). Нейрофизиологические механизмы стратегий использования и исследования при выскофункциональном аутизме: магнитоэнцефалографическое исследование. Гены и Клетки, 18(4), 606-609. https://doi.org/10.17816/gc623327
@article{Chernyshev2023b,
title = {Нейрофизиологические механизмы стратегий использования и исследования при выскофункциональном аутизме: магнитоэнцефалографическое исследование},
author = {Чернышев, Б. В. and Пульцина, К. И. and Третьякова, В. Д. and Мясникова, А. С. and Прокофьев, А. О. and Козунова, Г. Л. and Строганова, Т.А.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17816_gc623327.pdf},
doi = {10.17816/gc623327},
issn = {2500-2562},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-15},
urldate = {2023-12-15},
journal = {Гены и Клетки},
volume = {18},
number = {4},
pages = {606-609},
abstract = {Нетерпимость к неопределённости и высокую чувствительностью к угрозе неудачи рассматривают как один из факторов, поддерживающих хроническое беспокойство у пациентов с высокофункциональным аутизмом. Мы исследовали, каким образом эти личностные черты у пациентов с аутизмом сказываются на мозговых процессах, обеспечивающих стратегии выбора в вероятностной среде.
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Нетерпимость к неопределённости и высокую чувствительностью к угрозе неудачи рассматривают как один из факторов, поддерживающих хроническое беспокойство у пациентов с высокофункциональным аутизмом. Мы исследовали, каким образом эти личностные черты у пациентов с аутизмом сказываются на мозговых процессах, обеспечивающих стратегии выбора в вероятностной среде.
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001
21 участник эксперимента от 19 до 46 лет с высокофункциональным аутизмом и высоким уровнем нетерпимости к неопределённости в возрасте и 21 нейротипичный доброволец того же возраста выполняли задачу вероятностного выбора из двух альтернатив, одна из которых приносила денежный выигрыш в 70% случаев, а другая — только в 30% случаев. После каждого выбора испытуемые получали обратную связь, и методом проб и ошибок они обучались предпочтению более выгодного стимула. С этого момента мы рассматривали частые выборы выгодного стимула как следование внутренней ценностной модели, то есть как стратегию использования, а редкие выборы невыгодного стимула — как следование стратегии исследования (которая невыгодна в постоянной среде, но позволяет адаптировать поведение к её неожиданным изменениям). Мы предположили, что характерные различия между группами в активности мозга, отражающей стратегии использования и исследования, проявятся в периоде принятия решения, а также после внутренней оценки поступившей обратной связи о результатах выгодного и невыгодного выбора [1]. Мы анализировали бета-осцилляции (16–30 Гц) в записи магнитоэнцефалограммы. Подавление мощности бета-осцилляций ниже фонового уровня в период времени между предъявлением стимулов и ответом испытуемого рассматривали как показатель активации областей мозга, участвующих в принятии решения о стратегии выбора, а повышение мощности бета-осцилляций после сигнала обратной связи о проигрыше при невыгодном выборе — как отражение работы механизма, закрепляющего внутреннюю ценностную модель применительно к текущей задаче [1]. Мощность корковых источников бета-осцилляций в 448 областях коры больших полушарий оценивали с помощью метода sLoreta на уровне отдельных реализаций. Статистический анализ осуществляли с помощью смешанных линейных моделей (LMM), поправку на множественные сравнения выполняли с помощью метода FDR на число анализируемых областей коры больших полушарий. Анализ был направлен на интервал принятия решения (–900…–300 мс перед моторным действием выбора) и интервал после обратной связи (500–900 мс после начала предъявления обратной связи) [1].
Согласно результатам опросников, участники эксперимента с высокофункциональным аутизмом имели достоверно более низкую терпимость к неопределённости и более высокую нетерпимость к неопределённости по сравнению с нейротипичными испытуемыми.
Исследование принесло два основных результата. Во-первых, при принятии решения уровень активации областей мозга зависел от типа выбора у контрольных испытуемых и испытуемых с аутизмом прямо противоположным образом. Принятие решения о выгодном выборе в сравнении с невыгодным сопровождалось меньшей активацией нижневисочных, теменных и медиальных лобных областей коры у контрольных испытуемых и большей активаций этих зон у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра. Эти данные указывают на то, что нейротипичные испытуемые при принятии выгодного для них решения тратят меньше ресурсов мозга и испытывают меньше эмоций, чем в случае исследовательского выбора, который, исходя из их прошлого опыта, с высокой вероятностью принесёт неудачу. Напротив, люди с аутизмом расходуют аномально много ресурсов внимания и эмоций при планировании относительно безопасных для них действий, исход которых сулит вероятную (но не гарантированную) выгоду, тогда как угроза высоковероятной неудачи активирует их мозг в меньшей степени.
Во-вторых, внутренняя оценка поступившей обратной связи была связана с различиями между людьми с аутизмом и контрольными испытуемыми в функциональной активности орбитофронтальных и латеральных префронтальных областей коры при исследовательском (невыгодном) выборе. Как и в нашем предыдущим исследовании, у нейротипичных испытуемых наблюдалась сильная бета-синхронизация после отрицательной обратной связи после невыгодного выбора [1]. В отличие от контрольных испытуемых, у испытуемых с расстройствами аутистического спектра отсутствовала синхронизация фронтальных бета-осцилляций после проигрыша в результате невыгодного выбора. Этот факт может означать слабое закрепление внутренней ценностной модели, которое в норме возникает после совпадения прогнозируемого на её основе негативного исхода действия с его реальным результатом [1].
В целом, наше исследование показало, что людей с расстройствами аутистического спектра и крайней нетерпимостью к неопределённости характеризует аномально высокий уровень вовлечения мозговых систем принятия решений в относительно безопасных условиях, гарантирующих высокую вероятность благоприятного исхода планируемого действия. Эта находка проливает свет на причины парадоксального повышения уровня тревоги и вегетативной реактивности у таких людей в ситуациях ожидания награды, которые, в отличие от угрозы наказания, по своей природе не являются аверсивными [2].
1. Chernyshev B.V., Pultsina K.I., Tretyakova V.D., et al. Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex // Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2023. Vol. 17. P. 1152926. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
2. Tanovic E., Gee D.G., Joormann J. Intolerance of uncertainty: Neural and psychophysiological correlates of the perception of uncertainty as threatening // Clinical psychology review. 2018. Vol. 60. P. 87–99. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.01.001
92.
Гояева, Д. Э.; Обухова, Т. С.; Овсянникова, Т. М.; Рытикова, А. М.; Павлова, А. А.; Джиоева, Ц. Г.; Кокоев, Т. И.; Николаева, А. Ю. (2023). Особенности фонематического восприятия речи у обучающихся с билингвизмом. Экспериментальная психология, 16(4), 129-142. https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2023160409
@article{Goyaeva2023b,
title = {Особенности фонематического восприятия речи у обучающихся с билингвизмом},
author = {Гояева, Д.Э. and Обухова, Т.С. and Овсянникова, Т.М. and Рытикова, А.М. and Павлова, А.А. and Джиоева, Ц.Г. and Кокоев, Т.И. and Николаева, А.Ю.},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.17759_exppsy.2023160409.pdf},
doi = {10.17759/exppsy.2023160409},
issn = {2311-7036},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-01},
urldate = {2023-12-01},
journal = {Экспериментальная психология},
volume = {16},
number = {4},
pages = {129-142},
publisher = {Московский государственный психолого-педагогический университет},
abstract = {В Российской Федерации используется, по разным источникам, от 277 до 295 различных языков, что делает очень важным вопрос оценки влияния билингвизма на восприятие речи, например в контексте школьного обучения. Существуют противоречивые данные о том, как дети, растущие в двуязычной среде, распознают отдельные фонемы. В данной работе мы сравнили восприятие фонем русского языка на слух у детей младшего и среднего школьного возраста из моноязычной (русскоязычной) и двуязычной (русскоязычной и осетиноязычной) среды при помощи речевого теста «КОРАБЛИК» («Клиническая оценка развития базовых лингвистических компетенций») и психофизической задачи на различение слов в шуме. Было обнаружено, что двуязычные дети хуже повторяют псевдослова и распознают фонемы в стационарном шуме, что говорит о наличии значимых затруднений, но проявляющихся только в ситуациях нового/затрудненного восприятия. Причины затруднений могут быть связаны с тем, что у детей, растущих в двуязычной среде, значительно шире перечень фонем, которые необходимо распознавать, чем у детей, растущих в моноязычной среде. Это может приводить к сниженному распознаванию речи на языке обучения и, соответственно, возможному снижению качества обучения.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
В Российской Федерации используется, по разным источникам, от 277 до 295 различных языков, что делает очень важным вопрос оценки влияния билингвизма на восприятие речи, например в контексте школьного обучения. Существуют противоречивые данные о том, как дети, растущие в двуязычной среде, распознают отдельные фонемы. В данной работе мы сравнили восприятие фонем русского языка на слух у детей младшего и среднего школьного возраста из моноязычной (русскоязычной) и двуязычной (русскоязычной и осетиноязычной) среды при помощи речевого теста «КОРАБЛИК» («Клиническая оценка развития базовых лингвистических компетенций») и психофизической задачи на различение слов в шуме. Было обнаружено, что двуязычные дети хуже повторяют псевдослова и распознают фонемы в стационарном шуме, что говорит о наличии значимых затруднений, но проявляющихся только в ситуациях нового/затрудненного восприятия. Причины затруднений могут быть связаны с тем, что у детей, растущих в двуязычной среде, значительно шире перечень фонем, которые необходимо распознавать, чем у детей, растущих в моноязычной среде. Это может приводить к сниженному распознаванию речи на языке обучения и, соответственно, возможному снижению качества обучения.
91.
Shevtsova, Yulia G.; Vasilyev, Anatoly N.; Shishkin, Sergei L. (2023). Machine Learning for Gaze-Based Selection: Performance Assessment Without Explicit Labeling. HCI International 2023 – Late Breaking Papers. HCII 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 14054. Springer Nature Switzerland. 311-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48038-6_19
@conference{Shevtsova2023,
title = {Machine Learning for Gaze-Based Selection: Performance Assessment Without Explicit Labeling},
author = {Yulia G. Shevtsova and Anatoly N. Vasilyev and Sergei L. Shishkin},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-48038-6_19},
isbn = {9783031480386},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-25},
urldate = {2023-11-25},
booktitle = {HCI International 2023 – Late Breaking Papers. HCII 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 14054},
pages = {311-322},
publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},
abstract = {Gaze-based interaction typically requires certain actions to confirm selections, which often makes interaction less convenient. Recently, effective identification of the user’s intention to make a gaze-based selection was demonstrated by Isomoto et al. (2022) using machine learning applied to gaze behavior features. However, a certain bias could appear in that study since the participants were requested to report their intentions during the interaction experiment. Here, we applied several classification algorithms (linear discriminant analysis, RBF and linear support vector machines, and random forest) to gaze features characterizing selections made in a freely played gaze-controlled game, in which moves were made by sequences of gaze-based selections and their gaze-based confirmations, without separate reporting the correctness of the selection. Intention to select was successfully predicted by each of the classifiers using features collected before the selection.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Gaze-based interaction typically requires certain actions to confirm selections, which often makes interaction less convenient. Recently, effective identification of the user’s intention to make a gaze-based selection was demonstrated by Isomoto et al. (2022) using machine learning applied to gaze behavior features. However, a certain bias could appear in that study since the participants were requested to report their intentions during the interaction experiment. Here, we applied several classification algorithms (linear discriminant analysis, RBF and linear support vector machines, and random forest) to gaze features characterizing selections made in a freely played gaze-controlled game, in which moves were made by sequences of gaze-based selections and their gaze-based confirmations, without separate reporting the correctness of the selection. Intention to select was successfully predicted by each of the classifiers using features collected before the selection.
90.
Orekhova, Elena V.; Fadeev, Kirill A.; Goiaeva, Dzerassa E.; Obukhova, Tatiana S.; Ovsiannikova, Tatiana M.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2023). Different hemispheric lateralization for periodicity and formant structure of vowels in the auditory cortex and its changes between childhood and adulthood. Cortex, 171, 287-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.020
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Orekhova2024,
title = {Different hemispheric lateralization for periodicity and formant structure of vowels in the auditory cortex and its changes between childhood and adulthood},
author = {Elena V. Orekhova and Kirill A. Fadeev and Dzerassa E. Goiaeva and Tatiana S. Obukhova and Tatiana M. Ovsiannikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.12.08.519561v2.full.pdf},
doi = {10.1016/j.cortex.2023.10.020},
issn = {0010-9452},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-19},
urldate = {2023-11-19},
journal = {Cortex},
volume = {171},
pages = {287-307},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {The spectral formant structure and periodicity pitch are the major features that determine the identity of vowels and the characteristics of the speaker. However, very little is known about how the processing of these features in the auditory cortex changes during development. To address this question, we independently manipulated the periodicity and formant structure of vowels while measuring auditory cortex responses using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in children aged 7–12 years and adults. We analyzed the sustained negative shift of source current associated with these vowel properties, which was present in the auditory cortex in both age groups despite differences in the transient components of the auditory response. In adults, the sustained activation associated with formant structure was lateralized to the left hemisphere early in the auditory processing stream requiring neither attention nor semantic mapping. This lateralization was not yet established in children, in whom the right hemisphere contribution to formant processing was strong and decreased during or after puberty. In contrast to the formant structure, periodicity was associated with a greater response in the right hemisphere in both children and adults. These findings suggest that left-lateralization for the automatic processing of vowel formant structure emerges relatively late in ontogenesis and pose a serious challenge to current theories of hemispheric specialization for speech processing.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The spectral formant structure and periodicity pitch are the major features that determine the identity of vowels and the characteristics of the speaker. However, very little is known about how the processing of these features in the auditory cortex changes during development. To address this question, we independently manipulated the periodicity and formant structure of vowels while measuring auditory cortex responses using magnetoencephalography (MEG) in children aged 7–12 years and adults. We analyzed the sustained negative shift of source current associated with these vowel properties, which was present in the auditory cortex in both age groups despite differences in the transient components of the auditory response. In adults, the sustained activation associated with formant structure was lateralized to the left hemisphere early in the auditory processing stream requiring neither attention nor semantic mapping. This lateralization was not yet established in children, in whom the right hemisphere contribution to formant processing was strong and decreased during or after puberty. In contrast to the formant structure, periodicity was associated with a greater response in the right hemisphere in both children and adults. These findings suggest that left-lateralization for the automatic processing of vowel formant structure emerges relatively late in ontogenesis and pose a serious challenge to current theories of hemispheric specialization for speech processing.
89.
Kozunova, G. L.; Zakirov, F. Kh.; Rytikova, A. M.; Stroganova, T. A.; Chernyshev, B. V. (2023). Neurobiological Factors of Executive Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology, 53(7), 1158-1174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11055-023-01512-7
@article{Kozunova2023,
title = {Neurobiological Factors of Executive Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders},
author = {G. L. Kozunova and F. Kh. Zakirov and A. M. Rytikova and T. A. Stroganova and B. V. Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1007_s11055-023-01512-7.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/s11055-023-01512-7},
issn = {1573-899X},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-10},
urldate = {2023-11-10},
journal = {Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology},
volume = {53},
number = {7},
pages = {1158-1174},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and a tendency to stereotypical behavior. Neuropsychological deficit in executive functions – cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory, etc. – makes a significant contribution to the development of these symptoms. The key role in these processes is played by the prefrontal and cingulate areas of the cortex, which are regulated by cerebral neuromodulatory systems including cholinergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic ergicities. In the early stages of brain development, neuromodulators operate as neurotrophic factors and regulate the balance of arousal and inhibition in the cerebral cortex. The pathogenesis of autism may be associated with impaired metabolism of one or more neuromodulators. The purpose of this review is to consider the role of neuromodulators in the formed and developing brain and the contribution made by neuromodulator imbalance to the development of autism symptoms in children and adults.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction and a tendency to stereotypical behavior. Neuropsychological deficit in executive functions – cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory, etc. – makes a significant contribution to the development of these symptoms. The key role in these processes is played by the prefrontal and cingulate areas of the cortex, which are regulated by cerebral neuromodulatory systems including cholinergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic ergicities. In the early stages of brain development, neuromodulators operate as neurotrophic factors and regulate the balance of arousal and inhibition in the cerebral cortex. The pathogenesis of autism may be associated with impaired metabolism of one or more neuromodulators. The purpose of this review is to consider the role of neuromodulators in the formed and developing brain and the contribution made by neuromodulator imbalance to the development of autism symptoms in children and adults.
88.
Чернышев, Б. В.; Павлова, А. А.; Рытикова, А. М.; Буторина, А. В.; Строганова, Т. А. (2023). Продление мозговой активации в ответ на стимул как вероятный механизм ассоциативной пластичности при семантическом научении. Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова, 73(6), 764-784. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0044467723060035
@article{Chernyshev2023,
title = {Продление мозговой активации в ответ на стимул как вероятный механизм ассоциативной пластичности при семантическом научении},
author = {Б.В. Чернышев and А.А. Павлова and А.М. Рытикова and А.В. Буторина and Т.А. Строганова},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.31857_s0044467723060035.pdf},
doi = {10.31857/s0044467723060035},
issn = {0044-4677},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-01},
urldate = {2023-11-01},
journal = {Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И.П.Павлова},
volume = {73},
number = {6},
pages = {764-784},
publisher = {Российская академия наук},
abstract = {Считается, что запоминание смысла новых слов речи происходит благодаря ассоциативному обучению. Например, именно так слова, обозначающие движения, могут сопоставляться с соответствующими моторными актами. Известно, что синаптическая пластичность в мозге развивается при условии совпадения во времени активности клеточных ансамблей, репрезентирующих ассоциируемые события. Однако в реальности при выработке подобных ассоциаций возможен значительный разрыв во времени между ассоциируемыми событиями, нарушающий условия возникновения синаптической пластичности. Мы предположили, что необходимые условия для развития синаптической пластичности в мозге могут создаваться благодаря тому, что активность нейронных репрезентаций продлевается во времени, и тем самым обеспечивается требуемое перекрытие во времени на уровне нейронных ансамблей. Чтобы проверить это предположение, мы регистрировали магнитоэнцефалограмму у добровольных участников во время выработки ассоциаций между псевдословами и движениями четырьмя конечностями. Результаты исследования показывают, что при выработке новых ассоциаций действительно происходит значимое удлинение слухоречевой активации, вызванной стимулом. Таким образом, во время выработки ассоциации в мозге действительно могут создаваться условия для развития Хеббовской пластичности, даже если ассоциируемые события разнесены во времени.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Считается, что запоминание смысла новых слов речи происходит благодаря ассоциативному обучению. Например, именно так слова, обозначающие движения, могут сопоставляться с соответствующими моторными актами. Известно, что синаптическая пластичность в мозге развивается при условии совпадения во времени активности клеточных ансамблей, репрезентирующих ассоциируемые события. Однако в реальности при выработке подобных ассоциаций возможен значительный разрыв во времени между ассоциируемыми событиями, нарушающий условия возникновения синаптической пластичности. Мы предположили, что необходимые условия для развития синаптической пластичности в мозге могут создаваться благодаря тому, что активность нейронных репрезентаций продлевается во времени, и тем самым обеспечивается требуемое перекрытие во времени на уровне нейронных ансамблей. Чтобы проверить это предположение, мы регистрировали магнитоэнцефалограмму у добровольных участников во время выработки ассоциаций между псевдословами и движениями четырьмя конечностями. Результаты исследования показывают, что при выработке новых ассоциаций действительно происходит значимое удлинение слухоречевой активации, вызванной стимулом. Таким образом, во время выработки ассоциации в мозге действительно могут создаваться условия для развития Хеббовской пластичности, даже если ассоциируемые события разнесены во времени.
87.
Третьякова, В. Д. (2023). Ходьба и бег в контексте их влияния на здоровье мозга и когнитивные функции. Личность в меняющемся мире: здоровье, адаптация, развитие, 11(3), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.23888/humj2023113277-296
@article{2023,
title = {Ходьба и бег в контексте их влияния на здоровье мозга и когнитивные функции},
author = {В.Д. Третьякова},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.23888_humj2023113277-296.pdf},
doi = {10.23888/humj2023113277-296},
issn = {2307-9886},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-30},
urldate = {2023-09-30},
journal = {Личность в меняющемся мире: здоровье, адаптация, развитие},
volume = {11},
number = {3},
pages = {277-296},
publisher = {Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова},
abstract = {Малоподвижный образ можно назвать эпидемией 21 века. Существует большое количество научных исследований, доказывающих, что отсутствие физической активности может привести к серьезным сбоям в работе всех систем организма, включая нервную. Нарушение структуры и функционирования головного мозга ведет к ухудшению когнитивных функций и увеличению риска возникновения нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Умеренно высокий уровень физической активности может способствовать улучшению функционирования головного мозга и увеличению структурного и когнитивного резерва, что в дальнейшем поможет нервной системе эффективно адаптироваться к возрастным изменениям. Ходьба и бег являются одним из самых распространенных типов физических упражнений и могут присутствовать даже в жизни людей, не вовлеченных в спортивную деятельность. Показано, что даже ходьба низкой интенсивности может способствовать когнитивным улучшениям для людей любого возраста и пола. Бег умеренной интенсивности, в частности бег на выносливость, также оказывает положительное влияние на структуру и функционирование головного мозга. Основные эффекты ходьбы и бега касаются в первую очередь памяти и исполнительных функций, что справедливо как для людей, так и животных. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Малоподвижный образ можно назвать эпидемией 21 века. Существует большое количество научных исследований, доказывающих, что отсутствие физической активности может привести к серьезным сбоям в работе всех систем организма, включая нервную. Нарушение структуры и функционирования головного мозга ведет к ухудшению когнитивных функций и увеличению риска возникновения нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Умеренно высокий уровень физической активности может способствовать улучшению функционирования головного мозга и увеличению структурного и когнитивного резерва, что в дальнейшем поможет нервной системе эффективно адаптироваться к возрастным изменениям. Ходьба и бег являются одним из самых распространенных типов физических упражнений и могут присутствовать даже в жизни людей, не вовлеченных в спортивную деятельность. Показано, что даже ходьба низкой интенсивности может способствовать когнитивным улучшениям для людей любого возраста и пола. Бег умеренной интенсивности, в частности бег на выносливость, также оказывает положительное влияние на структуру и функционирование головного мозга. Основные эффекты ходьбы и бега касаются в первую очередь памяти и исполнительных функций, что справедливо как для людей, так и животных.
86.
Berdyshev, Daniil A.; Grachev, Artem M.; Shishkin, Sergei L.; Kozyrskiy, Bogdan L. (2023). Meta-Optimization of Initial Weights for More Effective Few- and Zero-Shot Learning in BCI Classification. 2023 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Computational Technologies in Cognitive Science, Genomics and Biomedicine (CSGB). Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 28-30 September 2023. 263-267. https://doi.org/10.1109/csgb60362.2023.10329624
@conference{Berdyshev2023,
title = {Meta-Optimization of Initial Weights for More Effective Few- and Zero-Shot Learning in BCI Classification},
author = {Daniil A. Berdyshev and Artem M. Grachev and Sergei L. Shishkin and Bogdan L. Kozyrskiy},
doi = {10.1109/csgb60362.2023.10329624},
isbn = {979-8-3503-0797-9},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-28},
urldate = {2023-09-28},
booktitle = {2023 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Computational Technologies in Cognitive Science, Genomics and Biomedicine (CSGB)},
pages = {263-267},
address = {Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 28-30 September 2023},
abstract = {Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are heavily reliant on the underlying data classification. Neural network classifiers are often used for this purpose, but their performance is dependent, in turn, on the availability of large training sets, which are difficult to record. Hence, arises the necessity to employ methods capable of operating with limited sample sizes or leveraging experience acquired with different BCI users. Here, we explore the ability of meta-learning algorithms to enable neural network classifiers to leverage experience acquired with EEG data recorded in other BCI users to support few-shot or even zero-shot learning for BCI classifiers. We conducted experiments to assess the quality of EEG data classification using neural networks that were pre-trained on various users who were different from the test user. In these experiments we compared neural networks pre-trained with meta-learning algorithms and with traditional transfer learning, with further fine-tuning on small data amounts and even without fine-tuning. The experiments demonstrated the potential for classification quality improvement through meta-learning in few- and even zero-shot learning scenarios.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are heavily reliant on the underlying data classification. Neural network classifiers are often used for this purpose, but their performance is dependent, in turn, on the availability of large training sets, which are difficult to record. Hence, arises the necessity to employ methods capable of operating with limited sample sizes or leveraging experience acquired with different BCI users. Here, we explore the ability of meta-learning algorithms to enable neural network classifiers to leverage experience acquired with EEG data recorded in other BCI users to support few-shot or even zero-shot learning for BCI classifiers. We conducted experiments to assess the quality of EEG data classification using neural networks that were pre-trained on various users who were different from the test user. In these experiments we compared neural networks pre-trained with meta-learning algorithms and with traditional transfer learning, with further fine-tuning on small data amounts and even without fine-tuning. The experiments demonstrated the potential for classification quality improvement through meta-learning in few- and even zero-shot learning scenarios.
85.
Yashin, Artem S. (2023). A Challenge for Bringing a BCI Closer to Motor Control: The “Interface Uncanny Valley” Hypothesis. 2023 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Computational Technologies in Cognitive Science, Genomics and Biomedicine (CSGB). Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 28-30 September 2023. 242-247. https://doi.org/10.1109/csgb60362.2023.10329830
@conference{Yashin2023,
title = {A Challenge for Bringing a BCI Closer to Motor Control: The “Interface Uncanny Valley” Hypothesis},
author = {Artem S. Yashin},
doi = {10.1109/csgb60362.2023.10329830},
isbn = {979-8-3503-0797-9},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-28},
urldate = {2023-09-28},
booktitle = {2023 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Computational Technologies in Cognitive Science, Genomics and Biomedicine (CSGB)},
pages = {242-247},
address = {Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 28-30 September 2023},
abstract = {Active brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer agents possibilities of affecting the world in a way that is distinct from bodily actions. One of the major disadvantages of current non-invasive BCIs is slow response time to the user's command, due to the need to classify temporally extended brain processes. In this paper, I propose a hypothesis that if BCIs will gradually approach the speed and precision of voluntary movements, a variant of the “uncanny valley” effect may emerge. In current interface architectures, a BCI user has to perform an intermediate mental action to give a command to the computer. Several reported cases indicate that these actions, e.g. kinesthetic motor imagery, can be automated over time. I examine the structure of the agent's intentions before and after this automation and compare it to movement automation. I argue that the evolution of intentions in motor learning apply to BCI control learning, meaning that BCI control gravitates towards motor control. I consider the strict requirements for movements and their outcomes to produce the sense of agency with respect to bodily actions. These requirements include high congruence between intention and the outcome of action and small delays before the outcome. Based on the putative proximity of motor control and control over fast BCIs of the future, I claim that without an extremely high classification accuracy, actions performed with these BCIs will severely disrupt the sense of agency of the user.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Active brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer agents possibilities of affecting the world in a way that is distinct from bodily actions. One of the major disadvantages of current non-invasive BCIs is slow response time to the user's command, due to the need to classify temporally extended brain processes. In this paper, I propose a hypothesis that if BCIs will gradually approach the speed and precision of voluntary movements, a variant of the “uncanny valley” effect may emerge. In current interface architectures, a BCI user has to perform an intermediate mental action to give a command to the computer. Several reported cases indicate that these actions, e.g. kinesthetic motor imagery, can be automated over time. I examine the structure of the agent's intentions before and after this automation and compare it to movement automation. I argue that the evolution of intentions in motor learning apply to BCI control learning, meaning that BCI control gravitates towards motor control. I consider the strict requirements for movements and their outcomes to produce the sense of agency with respect to bodily actions. These requirements include high congruence between intention and the outcome of action and small delays before the outcome. Based on the putative proximity of motor control and control over fast BCIs of the future, I claim that without an extremely high classification accuracy, actions performed with these BCIs will severely disrupt the sense of agency of the user.
84.
Chetkin, Egor I.; Shishkin, Sergei L.; Kozyrskiy, Bogdan L. (2023). Bayesian Opportunities for Brain–Computer Interfaces: Enhancement of the Existing Classification Algorithms and Out-of-Domain Detection. Algorithms, 16(9), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/a16090429
@article{Chetkin2023,
title = {Bayesian Opportunities for Brain–Computer Interfaces: Enhancement of the Existing Classification Algorithms and Out-of-Domain Detection},
author = {Egor I. Chetkin and Sergei L. Shishkin and Bogdan L. Kozyrskiy},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3390_a16090429.pdf},
doi = {10.3390/a16090429},
issn = {1999-4893},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-08},
urldate = {2023-09-08},
journal = {Algorithms},
volume = {16},
number = {9},
pages = {429},
publisher = {MDPI AG},
abstract = {Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) are effective tools for a variety of tasks that allow for the estimation of the uncertainty of the model. As BNNs use prior constraints on parameters, they are better regularized and less prone to overfitting, which is a serious issue for brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), where typically only small training datasets are available. Here, we tested, on the BCI Competition IV 2a motor imagery dataset, if the performance of the widely used, effective neural network classifiers EEGNet and Shallow ConvNet can be improved by turning them into BNNs. Accuracy indeed was higher, at least for a BNN based on Shallow ConvNet with two of three tested prior distributions. We also assessed if BNN-based uncertainty estimation could be used as a tool for out-of-domain (OOD) data detection. The OOD detection worked well only in certain participants; however, we expect that further development of the method may make it work sufficiently well for practical applications.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) are effective tools for a variety of tasks that allow for the estimation of the uncertainty of the model. As BNNs use prior constraints on parameters, they are better regularized and less prone to overfitting, which is a serious issue for brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), where typically only small training datasets are available. Here, we tested, on the BCI Competition IV 2a motor imagery dataset, if the performance of the widely used, effective neural network classifiers EEGNet and Shallow ConvNet can be improved by turning them into BNNs. Accuracy indeed was higher, at least for a BNN based on Shallow ConvNet with two of three tested prior distributions. We also assessed if BNN-based uncertainty estimation could be used as a tool for out-of-domain (OOD) data detection. The OOD detection worked well only in certain participants; however, we expect that further development of the method may make it work sufficiently well for practical applications.
83.
Pavlova, Anna; Tyulenev, Nikita; Tretyakova, Vera; Skavronskaya, Valeriya; Nikolaeva, Anastasia; Prokofyev, Andrey; Stroganova, Tatiana; Chernyshev, Boris (2023). Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults. Psychophysiology, 60, e14284. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14284
@article{Pavlova2023,
title = {Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults},
author = {Anna Pavlova and Nikita Tyulenev and Vera Tretyakova and Valeriya Skavronskaya and Anastasia Nikolaeva and Andrey Prokofyev and Tatiana Stroganova and Boris Chernyshev},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.1111_psyp.14284.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/psyp.14284},
issn = {1469-8986},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-08-00},
urldate = {2023-08-00},
journal = {Psychophysiology},
volume = {60},
issue = {8},
pages = {e14284},
publisher = {Wiley},
abstract = {Large-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement-related β-oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial–temporal characteristics of β-oscillations accompanying cue-triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β-power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β-suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β-power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Large-scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement-related β-oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial–temporal characteristics of β-oscillations accompanying cue-triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β-power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β-suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β-power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post-decision β-power predicted trial-by-trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post-decision β-band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post-decision β-band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.
82.
Васильев, А. Н.; Маковская, А. Е.; Каплан, А. Я. (2023). Динамика сенсомоторного ритма ЭЭГ при мысленном повторении за наблюдаемым движением. Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И. П. Павлова, 73(4), 490-509. https://doi.org/10.31857/s004446772304010x
@article{Vasilyev2023,
title = {Динамика сенсомоторного ритма ЭЭГ при мысленном повторении за наблюдаемым движением},
author = {А.Н. Васильев and А.Е. Маковская and А.Я. Каплан },
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.31857_s004446772304010x.pdf},
doi = {10.31857/s004446772304010x},
issn = {0044-4677},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-01},
urldate = {2023-07-01},
journal = {Журнал высшей нервной деятельности им. И. П. Павлова},
volume = {73},
number = {4},
pages = {490-509},
publisher = {Российская академия наук},
abstract = {Мысленная симуляция собственного движения, или представление движения, а также наблюдение за движениями других людей применяются в нейрореабилитации в качестве методов стимуляции сенсомоторных отделов мозга. В настоящей работе тестируется новый способ представления – мысленная имитация движения, синхронная с движением, наблюдаемым от первого лица на видеоэкране. Задачами исследования являлись сравнение реактивности сенсомоторных ритмов ЭЭГ при произвольном представлении движения и представлении вслед за видеостимулом, а также выявление связи между фазами движения на видео и динамикой паттернов ЭЭГ. В исследовании приняли участие 30 здоровых добровольцев, у которых регистрировалась 69-канальная энцефалограмма во время выполнения и представления ими движений большим пальцем правой руки в двух режимах: произвольно (без внешнего ориентира) и синхронно имитируя движение на видеоролике. При анализе ЭЭГ у испытуемых выделялись индивидуальные пространственно-частотные компоненты с наибольшей реактивностью мю-ритма ЭЭГ (8–14 Гц), после чего проводилась количественная оценка десинхронизации в изучаемых условиях на основе анализа распределений плотности вероятности мощности мю-ритма. Для оценки связи динамики десинхронизации мю-ритма с событиями на видео применялась обобщенная аддитивная модель, описывающая функцию ответов на одиночные события в наблюдаемых движениях и их суммацию при серийном выполнении или представления движений. Было показано, что мысленная кинестетическая симуляция наблюдаемого движения не приводит к увеличению десинхронизации сенсомоторных ритмов по сравнению с произвольным представлением такого же движения. Впервые установлено, что во временном ходе десинхронизации мю-ритма возникают пертурбации, зависящие от фазы и скорости наблюдаемого движения как при его синхронном мышечном повторении, так и при мысленной синхронной имитации. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для оптимизации параметров движений в индивидуальных системах идеомоторных тренировок с ЭЭГ-контролем для достижения наибольшей сенсомоторной активации.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Мысленная симуляция собственного движения, или представление движения, а также наблюдение за движениями других людей применяются в нейрореабилитации в качестве методов стимуляции сенсомоторных отделов мозга. В настоящей работе тестируется новый способ представления – мысленная имитация движения, синхронная с движением, наблюдаемым от первого лица на видеоэкране. Задачами исследования являлись сравнение реактивности сенсомоторных ритмов ЭЭГ при произвольном представлении движения и представлении вслед за видеостимулом, а также выявление связи между фазами движения на видео и динамикой паттернов ЭЭГ. В исследовании приняли участие 30 здоровых добровольцев, у которых регистрировалась 69-канальная энцефалограмма во время выполнения и представления ими движений большим пальцем правой руки в двух режимах: произвольно (без внешнего ориентира) и синхронно имитируя движение на видеоролике. При анализе ЭЭГ у испытуемых выделялись индивидуальные пространственно-частотные компоненты с наибольшей реактивностью мю-ритма ЭЭГ (8–14 Гц), после чего проводилась количественная оценка десинхронизации в изучаемых условиях на основе анализа распределений плотности вероятности мощности мю-ритма. Для оценки связи динамики десинхронизации мю-ритма с событиями на видео применялась обобщенная аддитивная модель, описывающая функцию ответов на одиночные события в наблюдаемых движениях и их суммацию при серийном выполнении или представления движений. Было показано, что мысленная кинестетическая симуляция наблюдаемого движения не приводит к увеличению десинхронизации сенсомоторных ритмов по сравнению с произвольным представлением такого же движения. Впервые установлено, что во временном ходе десинхронизации мю-ритма возникают пертурбации, зависящие от фазы и скорости наблюдаемого движения как при его синхронном мышечном повторении, так и при мысленной синхронной имитации. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для оптимизации параметров движений в индивидуальных системах идеомоторных тренировок с ЭЭГ-контролем для достижения наибольшей сенсомоторной активации.
81.
Vasilyev, A. N.; Kryuchkova, A. G.; Makovskaya, A. E. (2023). Increased Sensitivity of Spatial Filters by Combining the Magnetic and Electrical Components of the Sensorimotor Cortical Beta Rhythm. Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin, 78(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3103/s0096392523010066
@article{Vasilyev2023b,
title = {Increased Sensitivity of Spatial Filters by Combining the Magnetic and Electrical Components of the Sensorimotor Cortical Beta Rhythm},
author = {A.N. Vasilyev and A.G. Kryuchkova and A.E. Makovskaya},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3103_s0096392523010066.pdf},
doi = {10.3103/s0096392523010066},
issn = {1934-791X},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-06-15},
urldate = {2023-06-15},
journal = {Moscow University Biological Sciences Bulletin },
volume = {78},
number = {1},
pages = {1-7},
publisher = {Allerton Press},
abstract = {Modulation of human magnetic or electrical sensorimotor rhythms during motor imagery is widely used in fundamental and applied neurophysiological research. To date, there is evidence of a better sensitivity of magnetic field sensors to beta-rhythm modulation; however, the potential synergistic effect of combining the two modalities has not yet been investigated. In this study, simultaneous registration of an electroencephalogram (EEG) and a magnetoencephalogram (MEG) was carried out in eight healthy volunteers during voluntary and imaginary movements as well as during electrical stimulation of the median nerve. In all subjects it was possible to identify desynchronization (suppression) of µ- and β-rhythms during the performance of sensorimotor tasks as well as β-synchronization after the end of movement or stimulation. Using the common projections of the covariance signal matrices of the electric, magnetic, and combined (MEEG) modalities, the most sensitive individual spatial filters were calculated separately for each type of reaction. Relative to the prestimulus control, the amplitude of changes in the amplitude of sensorimotor rhythm components was found to be the largest in the combined MEEG modality. At the same time, for µ-desynchronization, MEG turned out to be significantly worse than MEEG; as for β-desynchronization, MEEG was shown to be significantly better than MEG and EEG. For β-synchronization, a shift in the position of sources in the fronto-medial direction was demonstrated, and there were no significant differences in amplitude between the modalities. It was also shown that, for β-desynchronization, most subjects identified MEG sources with identical EEG projections or without pronounced EEG projections, which indicated the presence of several small tangentially located cortical dipoles involved in β-rhythm desynchronization. The results suggested that the combination of MEG and EEG led to greater sensitivity in studies of modulation of sensorimotor rhythm components, in particular β-desynchronization. The multifocal nature of the magnetic β-rhythm and its different expression in EEG sources indicated the presence of independent regulatory circuits of cortical-thalamic or intracortical origin.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Modulation of human magnetic or electrical sensorimotor rhythms during motor imagery is widely used in fundamental and applied neurophysiological research. To date, there is evidence of a better sensitivity of magnetic field sensors to beta-rhythm modulation; however, the potential synergistic effect of combining the two modalities has not yet been investigated. In this study, simultaneous registration of an electroencephalogram (EEG) and a magnetoencephalogram (MEG) was carried out in eight healthy volunteers during voluntary and imaginary movements as well as during electrical stimulation of the median nerve. In all subjects it was possible to identify desynchronization (suppression) of µ- and β-rhythms during the performance of sensorimotor tasks as well as β-synchronization after the end of movement or stimulation. Using the common projections of the covariance signal matrices of the electric, magnetic, and combined (MEEG) modalities, the most sensitive individual spatial filters were calculated separately for each type of reaction. Relative to the prestimulus control, the amplitude of changes in the amplitude of sensorimotor rhythm components was found to be the largest in the combined MEEG modality. At the same time, for µ-desynchronization, MEG turned out to be significantly worse than MEEG; as for β-desynchronization, MEEG was shown to be significantly better than MEG and EEG. For β-synchronization, a shift in the position of sources in the fronto-medial direction was demonstrated, and there were no significant differences in amplitude between the modalities. It was also shown that, for β-desynchronization, most subjects identified MEG sources with identical EEG projections or without pronounced EEG projections, which indicated the presence of several small tangentially located cortical dipoles involved in β-rhythm desynchronization. The results suggested that the combination of MEG and EEG led to greater sensitivity in studies of modulation of sensorimotor rhythm components, in particular β-desynchronization. The multifocal nature of the magnetic β-rhythm and its different expression in EEG sources indicated the presence of independent regulatory circuits of cortical-thalamic or intracortical origin.
80.
Yashin, Artem S.; Shishkin, Sergei L.; Vasilyev, Anatoly N. (2023). Is there a continuum of agentive awareness across physical and mental actions? The case of quasi-movements. Consciousness and Cognition, 112, 103531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2023.103531
Abstract | PDF (preprint) | BibTeX
@article{Yashin2023c,
title = {Is there a continuum of agentive awareness across physical and mental actions? The case of quasi-movements},
author = {Artem S. Yashin and Sergei L. Shishkin and Anatoly N. Vasilyev},
url = {https://osf.io/b6hw4},
doi = {10.1016/j.concog.2023.103531},
issn = {1053-8100},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-18},
urldate = {2023-05-18},
journal = {Consciousness and Cognition},
volume = {112},
pages = {103531},
publisher = {Elsevier BV},
abstract = {While humans routinely distinguish between physical and mental actions, overt movements (OM) and kinesthetically imagined movements (IM) are often viewed as forming a continuum of activities. Here, we theoretically conceptualized this continuum hypothesis for agentive awareness related to OM and IM and tested it experimentally using quasi-movements (QM), a little studied type of covert actions, which is considered as an inner part of the OM-IM continuum. QM are performed when a movement attempt is minimized down to full extinction of overt movement and muscle activity. We asked participants to perform OM, IM and QM and collected their electromyography data. According to participants’ reports, they experienced QM as OM in terms of intentions and expected sensory feedback, while the verbal descriptors were independent from muscle activation. These results do not fit the OM-QM-IM continuum and suggest qualitative distinction for agentive awareness between IM and QM/OM.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
While humans routinely distinguish between physical and mental actions, overt movements (OM) and kinesthetically imagined movements (IM) are often viewed as forming a continuum of activities. Here, we theoretically conceptualized this continuum hypothesis for agentive awareness related to OM and IM and tested it experimentally using quasi-movements (QM), a little studied type of covert actions, which is considered as an inner part of the OM-IM continuum. QM are performed when a movement attempt is minimized down to full extinction of overt movement and muscle activity. We asked participants to perform OM, IM and QM and collected their electromyography data. According to participants’ reports, they experienced QM as OM in terms of intentions and expected sensory feedback, while the verbal descriptors were independent from muscle activation. These results do not fit the OM-QM-IM continuum and suggest qualitative distinction for agentive awareness between IM and QM/OM.
79.
Chernyshev, Boris V.; Pultsina, Kristina I.; Tretyakova, Vera D.; Miasnikova, Aleksandra S.; Prokofyev, Andrey O.; Kozunova, Galina L.; Stroganova, Tatiana A. (2023). Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 17, 1152926. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926
@article{Chernyshev2023c,
title = {Losses resulting from deliberate exploration trigger beta oscillations in frontal cortex},
author = {Boris V. Chernyshev and Kristina I. Pultsina and Vera D. Tretyakova and Aleksandra S. Miasnikova and Andrey O. Prokofyev and Galina L. Kozunova and Tatiana A. Stroganova},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.3389_fnins.2023.1152926.pdf},
doi = {10.3389/fnins.2023.1152926},
issn = {1662-453X},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-11},
urldate = {2023-05-11},
journal = {Frontiers in Neuroscience},
volume = {17},
pages = {1152926},
publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},
abstract = {We examined the neural signature of directed exploration by contrasting MEG beta (16–30 Hz) power changes between disadvantageous and advantageous choices in the two-choice probabilistic reward task. We analyzed the choices made after the participants have learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes, i.e., acquired the inner model of choice values. Therefore, rare disadvantageous choices might serve explorative, environment-probing purposes. The study brought two main findings. Firstly, decision making leading to disadvantageous choices took more time and evidenced greater large-scale suppression of beta oscillations than its advantageous alternative. Additional neural resources recruited during disadvantageous decisions strongly suggest their deliberately explorative nature. Secondly, an outcome of disadvantageous and advantageous choices had qualitatively different impact on feedback-related beta oscillations. After the disadvantageous choices, only losses—but not gains—were followed by late beta synchronization in frontal cortex. Our results are consistent with the role of frontal beta oscillations in the stabilization of neural representations for selected behavioral rule when explorative strategy conflicts with value-based behavior. Punishment for explorative choice being congruent with its low value in the reward history is more likely to strengthen, through punishment-related beta oscillations, the representation of exploitative choices consistent with the inner utility model.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We examined the neural signature of directed exploration by contrasting MEG beta (16–30 Hz) power changes between disadvantageous and advantageous choices in the two-choice probabilistic reward task. We analyzed the choices made after the participants have learned the probabilistic contingency between choices and their outcomes, i.e., acquired the inner model of choice values. Therefore, rare disadvantageous choices might serve explorative, environment-probing purposes. The study brought two main findings. Firstly, decision making leading to disadvantageous choices took more time and evidenced greater large-scale suppression of beta oscillations than its advantageous alternative. Additional neural resources recruited during disadvantageous decisions strongly suggest their deliberately explorative nature. Secondly, an outcome of disadvantageous and advantageous choices had qualitatively different impact on feedback-related beta oscillations. After the disadvantageous choices, only losses—but not gains—were followed by late beta synchronization in frontal cortex. Our results are consistent with the role of frontal beta oscillations in the stabilization of neural representations for selected behavioral rule when explorative strategy conflicts with value-based behavior. Punishment for explorative choice being congruent with its low value in the reward history is more likely to strengthen, through punishment-related beta oscillations, the representation of exploitative choices consistent with the inner utility model.
78.
Васильев, А. Н.; Крючкова, А. Г.; Маковская, А. Е. (2023). Повышенная чувствительность пространственных фильтров при совмещении магнитного и электрического компонентов сенсомоторного кортикального бета-ритма. Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология, 78, 2-10. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0952-16-78-1-1
@article{Vasilyev2023c,
title = {Повышенная чувствительность пространственных фильтров при совмещении магнитного и электрического компонентов сенсомоторного кортикального бета-ритма},
author = {А.Н. Васильев and А.Г. Крючкова and А.Е. Маковская},
url = {https://megmoscow.ru/wp-content/uploads/pubs/10.55959_msu0137-0952-16-78-1-1.pdf},
doi = {10.55959/msu0137-0952-16-78-1-1},
issn = {0137-0952},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-30},
urldate = {2023-04-30},
journal = {Вестник Московского университета. Серия 16. Биология},
volume = {78},
issue = {1},
pages = {2-10},
publisher = {Издательский Дом МГУ},
abstract = {Модуляция магнитного или электрического сенсомоторных ритмов человека при представлении движений широко используется в фундаментальных и прикладных нейрофизиологических исследованиях. К настоящему времени имеются доказательства лучшей чувствительности сенсоров магнитного поля к модуляции бета-ритма, однако потенциальный синергический эффект от объединения двух модальностей еще не был исследован. В этом исследовании одновременная регистрация электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) и магнитоэнцефалограммы (МЭГ) проведена у восьми здоровых испытуемых-добровольцев при выполнении ими произвольных и воображаемых движений, а также при электрической стимуляции медианного нерва. У всех испытуемых удалось идентифицировать десинхронизацию (подавление) мюи бета-ритмов при выполнении сенсомоторных заданий, а также бета-синхронизацию после окончания движения или стимуляции. С использованием общих проекций ковариационных матриц сигналов электрической, магнитной и объединенной («МЭЭГ») модальностей были вычислены наиболее чувствительные индивидуальные пространственные фильтры отдельно для каждого из типов реакций. По сравнению с предстимульным контролем выраженность изменений амплитуды компонентов сенсомоторного ритма оказалась наибольшей в объединенной МЭЭГмодальности. При этом для мю-десинхронизации МЭЭГ оказалась значимо лучше МЭГ, а для бета-десинхронизации МЭЭГ оказалась существенно лучше как МЭГ, так и ЭЭГ. Для бета-синхронизации показано смещение положения источников во фронтомедиальном направлении, а значимых различий в амплитуде между модальностями не было. Также было показано, что для бета-десинхронизации у большинства испытуемых выделялись МЭГ-источники с одинаковыми ЭЭГ-проекциями или без выраженных ЭЭГ-проекций, что свидетельствует о наличии нескольких малых тангенциально расположенных кортикальных диполей, участвующих в десинхронизации бета-ритма. Полученные результаты позволяют полагать, что в исследованиях модуляции компонентов сенсомоторного ритма, в особенности бета-десинхронизации, совмещение МЭГ и ЭЭГ приводит к повышению чувствительности метода. Мультифокальность магнитного бета-ритма и его различная выраженность в ЭЭГ-источниках указывают на наличие независимых регуляторных контуров корковоталамического или внутрикортикального происхождения.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Модуляция магнитного или электрического сенсомоторных ритмов человека при представлении движений широко используется в фундаментальных и прикладных нейрофизиологических исследованиях. К настоящему времени имеются доказательства лучшей чувствительности сенсоров магнитного поля к модуляции бета-ритма, однако потенциальный синергический эффект от объединения двух модальностей еще не был исследован. В этом исследовании одновременная регистрация электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) и магнитоэнцефалограммы (МЭГ) проведена у восьми здоровых испытуемых-добровольцев при выполнении ими произвольных и воображаемых движений, а также при электрической стимуляции медианного нерва. У всех испытуемых удалось идентифицировать десинхронизацию (подавление) мюи бета-ритмов при выполнении сенсомоторных заданий, а также бета-синхронизацию после окончания движения или стимуляции. С использованием общих проекций ковариационных матриц сигналов электрической, магнитной и объединенной («МЭЭГ») модальностей были вычислены наиболее чувствительные индивидуальные пространственные фильтры отдельно для каждого из типов реакций. По сравнению с предстимульным контролем выраженность изменений амплитуды компонентов сенсомоторного ритма оказалась наибольшей в объединенной МЭЭГмодальности. При этом для мю-десинхронизации МЭЭГ оказалась значимо лучше МЭГ, а для бета-десинхронизации МЭЭГ оказалась существенно лучше как МЭГ, так и ЭЭГ. Для бета-синхронизации показано смещение положения источников во фронтомедиальном направлении, а значимых различий в амплитуде между модальностями не было. Также было показано, что для бета-десинхронизации у большинства испытуемых выделялись МЭГ-источники с одинаковыми ЭЭГ-проекциями или без выраженных ЭЭГ-проекций, что свидетельствует о наличии нескольких малых тангенциально расположенных кортикальных диполей, участвующих в десинхронизации бета-ритма. Полученные результаты позволяют полагать, что в исследованиях модуляции компонентов сенсомоторного ритма, в особенности бета-десинхронизации, совмещение МЭГ и ЭЭГ приводит к повышению чувствительности метода. Мультифокальность магнитного бета-ритма и его различная выраженность в ЭЭГ-источниках указывают на наличие независимых регуляторных контуров корковоталамического или внутрикортикального происхождения.